The document discusses occupational safety and health management systems. It defines key terms like OSHA, OSH MS, and OHSAS which relate to occupational safety and health legislation and frameworks. It outlines the components and requirements of these systems, including developing policies, organizing responsibilities, planning, measuring performance, auditing and reviewing. The purpose is to help organizations implement effective occupational safety and health practices to comply with regulations and improve safety outcomes.

2.  Occupational Safety and Health Act
1994 (OSHA) (ACT 514)
 Occupational Safety and Health
Management System (OSH MS)
 Occupational Health and Safety
Assessment System (OHSAS)

3. Define the components of OSHA
Defineconcepts and components of
OSHMS & OSHAS
Outline recent developments in health
and safety management.

4.  The Occupational Safety and Health Act
1994 (Act 514) is a legislation which has
been gazette on the 25 February 1994 by
the Malaysian Parliament.
 The Act provides the legislative framework
to secure the safety, health and welfare
among all Malaysian workforce
 Aim- to protect others against risks to
safety or health in connection with the
activities of persons at work.
 It is a tool superimposed on existing safety
and health legislation.

5.  The Act requires all companies to have
a written safety and health policy
 Outlines the duties of the:
- safety and health officer (SHO)
- safety and health committee (SHC)
- occupational safety and health
officers (OSHO)
-employer
- employee

6.  Competent person on safety and
health at work place
 Employed exclusively for the purpose
of ensuring the due observance at the
work place of work of the provisions of
this Act
 Shall possess such qualifications or
have received training

7.  Advise the employer or any person
in charge of a place of work on the
measures to be taken in the interests
of a safety and health of the person
employed in the place work
 To inspect the place of work to
determine whether :
- machinery, plant, equipment,
substance, appliance or process or
any description of manual labour
used in the place or work can be a
potential hazard to any person
working in the place of work

8.  Investigate any accident, near miss,
dangerous occurrence, occupational
poisoning or occupational disease this has
happened in the place work
 Assist employer or Safety & Health
Committee, organise and implement
Occupational Safety and Health programs
sat the place of work
 Assist the Safety and Health Commitee in
any inspection of the place of work for the
purpose of checking the effectiveness and
efficacy of any measures taken in
compliance with the Act or any regulation
made under the Act

9.  Collect, analyse and maintain
statistics on any accident,
dangerous occurrence,
occupational poisoning,
occupational disease which have
occurred at the place work
 Carry out any other instruction
made by the employer or any
person in charge of the place of
work on any matters pertaining to
safety and health of the place of
work
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10. Employer shall establish safety
& health committee if:
 Thereare forty or more
person employed at the
place of work
 TheDirector general
directs the establishment of
such a committee at the
work place

11. Ensure safety & health of persons at place of work :
 Review the measures
 Investigate matter place of work
- Which a member of committee or a person employed
thereat considers is not safe or is a risk to health; and
- Which has been brought to the attention of the employer.
 Attempt to solve any matter related

12.  The main objective of the committee is
to foster cooperation and consultation
between management and workers in
identifying, evaluating and controlling
hazard at workplace.
 It is also an effective channel of
communication to exchange idea to
solve problems relating to OSH.
 Feedback from workers will greatly
assist employers to promote and
provide a safe and healthy work
environment.

13.  Employer – the immediate employer or the
principle employer or both
 Immediate employer – person who has
undertaken the execution at the work place
 Duties to persons other than employee
• To conduct undertaking to ensure other person are
not exposed to risks
• To give prescibed information to other person that
might affect their safety or health

14.  Duties to employee
• Provision of information, instruction, training &
supervision to ensure safety & health of
employees
• Provision of safe working environment and
adequate facilities for employee’s welfare
• Provision of access and egress are safe and
without risks
• to ensure as far as practicable plant & system of
work are safe and without risk to health
• To ensure safety & absence of risks in
connection of operation, handling, storage and
transport

15.  Person who employed for wages under a
contract of service
 Duties
• Take reasonable care for S&H of himself
• Co-operate with his employer
• Wear or use protective equipment
provided by employer to prevent risks
• Comply instruction on S&H instituted by
employer

16. Appointed by minister
Exercisingpowers and
performing functions and
discharging duties assigned to
him under OSHA

17.  OHSMS: Occupational Health and Safety
Management System
 OHSAS: Occupational Health and Safety
Assurance System
 Both terms are used interchangeably
 Its is all about identifying “OHS
hazards”, estimating “risks” and taking
appropriate measures to mitigate
“consequences”.

18.  Benefits
• Improved OHS performance
 Prevent health and safety hazard
• Reduction in the number of accidents
• Reduced costs
 Prevent ill health in the first place than to
medication
• Improved public image
 Enhanced customer trust
 Competitive advantage

19.  Benefits
- Demonstration of an innovative and forward
thinking approach
- Increased access to new customers and business
partners through an improved corporate image
- Better management of health and safety risks, now
and in the future
- Company, conscious about social responsibilities.

20.  Pre Year 1996
• ILO guidelines
• Various certification bodies had their own
OHSAS standards / specifications
• There were no national standard on OHSAS
 In Year 1997
• Technical Management Board of ISO decided
against having International Standard on OH&S
 ILO -International Labour Organization
 ISO -International Organization for Standardization

21.  Year 1999
• 10 certification bodies / national bodies /
consultancy organizations collaborated to make
OHSAS 18001
• OHSAS 18001: 1999 was not a standard but only a
specification for Occupational Health and Safety
management.
• Objective was to create a platform for making a
national and/or international standard
 And to help organizations meet their legal obligations

22.  Year 2000
• ISO Technical Management Board declined once
again for an International standard on OHSAS
 Year 2007
• OSHAS 18001:2007 (Occupational Health and
safety series; Title: OSHMAS –requirements)
replaces OHSAS 18001:1999
• This new OHSAS is accepted by Standard
Malaysia and serve as basis for accreditation of
Malaysia certification bodies

23.  OHSAS 18000 is an international
occupational health and safety management
system
 It provides organizations with the elements
of an effective OHSMS that can be integrated
with other management requirements and
help organizations achieve better
occupational health and safety performance
and economic objectives.
 It comprises two parts, 18001 and 18002

24.  OHSAS 18001 specifies requirements for an
OH&S management system to help an
organization develop and implement a
policy and objectives, which take into
account legal requirements and information
about OH&S risks
 OHSAS 18002 provides generic assistance
for establishing, implementing or improving
an OH&S management system, and
demonstrates successful implementation

25. Occupational Health and Safety Management
Systems (OHSMS) have been defined as
“…a combination of the planning and review, the
management organisational arrangements, the
consultative arrangements, and the specific
program elements that work together in an
integrated way to improve health and safety
performance”
~Gallagher, 2000

26. OHS Management System
“The means by which an organisation controls risk through the
management process”.
~Health & Safety Executive
“Part of the overall management system that facilities the
management of the OH&S risks associated with the business
of the organisation.
This includes the organisational structure, planning activities,
responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and
resources for developing and achieving, reviewing and
maintaining the organisation’s OH&S policy”.
~ British Standards Institute

27. Policy Policy
development
Organising Organisational
development
Planning &
Audit
Implementing
Developing
Measuring techniques of
Performance planning,
measuring and
reviewing
Reviewing
Performance
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28. Policy
Policy
Organising
Effective health and
safety policies set a
Audit
Planning & clear direction for the
Implementing
organisation to follow.
Measuring
Performance
Reviewing
Performance
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29. Key Elements of OHS
Management System
Policy
Organising
Organising
An effective management
Audit
Planning & structure and
Implementing
arrangements are in place
Measuring for delivering the policy.
Performance
Reviewing
Performance
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30. Policy
Planning
There is a planned and
systematic approach to
Organising implementing the health
and safety policy
Planning &
through an effective
Audit
Implementing health and safety
management system.
Measuring
Performance
Reviewing
Performance
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31. Key Elements of OHS
Management System
Policy
Measuring
Organising Performance
Audit
Planning &
Implementing
Performance is measured
against agreed standards
Measuring to reveal when and where
Performance
improvement is needed.
Reviewing
Performance
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32. Policy
Auditing and
Organising
Reviewing of
Performance
Audit
Planning &
Implementing The organisation learns
from all relevant
Measuring
Performance
experience and applies
the lessons.
Reviewing
Performance
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33. 1. OH&S Policy
1.1. The Health & Safety Policy
Continual 2. Planning
Continu 2.1. Planning for hazard identification, risk
Improvement assessment and control
Improvem
al 2.2. Legal and other requirements
ent 2.3. Objectives
2.4. OH&S management programme(s)
3. Implementation and Operation
3.1. Structure and responsibility
Status 3.2. Training, awareness and competence
OHS Policy 3.3. Consultation and Communication
Review
OHS
OHS Policy 3.4. Documentation
Management 3.5. Document and data control
Manageme
Review Policy
Planning 3.6. Operational Control
Revie
nt Plannin
Planning 3.7. Emergency preparedness and response
w 4. Checking and Corrective Action
Checking &
g
Implementation 4.1. Performance measurement and monitoring
Checking
Corrective & Implementation
Operation 4.2. Accidents, incidents, non-conformances
Correctiv
Action & Operation and corrective and preventative action
&
Actio
e 4.3. Records and record management
n 4.4. Audit
5. Management Review
5.1. Management Review
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34. WHY WAS OHSAS
DEVELOPED?
 In response to urgent customer demand for a
recognizable occupational health and safety
management system standard
 Need for health and safety management system that
could be audited and certified
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35.  Suitable and relevant to use in all type of industries.
 Make the system more effective in occupational health
and safety policies
 Make sure the organisations obey the occupational
safety and health policies and increase the
occupational health and safety involvement.
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36. • Prepare the occupational health and safety
management system
• Control that system to make sure it have what it
suppose to do accordance to OHSAS 18001:1999
guideline.
• Help the organisation’s occupational health and safety
accordance and parallel with the law and another
requirements in OHSAS 18001.
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37. Elements of OHSAS 18001
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38. Policy
Effective health and safety policies set a clear direction for the
organisation to follow.
Organising
An effective management structure and arrangements are in place for
delivering the policy.
Planning
There is a planned and systematic approach to implementing the
health and safety policy through an effective health and safety
management system.
Measuring Performance
Performance is measured against agreed standards to reveal when
and where improvement is needed
Auditing and Reviewing of Performance
The organisation learns from all relevant experience and applies the
lessons
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39. A legal requirement on an employer to prepare,
and keep up to date a written statement of
their policy regarding the health and safety of
their employees

40.  An OH&S policy establishes an overall sense of
direction and sets the principles of action for an
organisation.
 Itsets goals for the level of OHS responsibility
and performance required.
 Itdemonstrates the formal commitment towards
good OH&S management, particularly that of
the organisation’s top management.
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41. BS8800 sets out nine specific commitments
that must be included to develop a
comprehensive policy statement.
 Recognising that OH&S is an integral particle of its
business performance.
 Achieving a high level of OH&S performance, with
compliance to legal requirements as a minimum, and
to continual cost-effective improvement in
performance.
 Provide adequate and appropriate resources to
implement the policy.
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42.  The setting and publishing of OH&S objectives, even if
only by internal notification.
 Place the management of OH&S as a prime
responsibility of line management, from the most
senior executive to first line supervisory level.
 To ensure that the policy statement is understood,
implemented and maintained at all levels in the
organisation.
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43.  Employee involvement and consultation to gain
commitment to the policy and its implementation.
 Periodic review of the policy, the management system
and audit of compliance to policy.
 Ensure that employees at all levels receive appropriate
training and are competent to carry out their duties and
responsibilities.
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44.  Any management system will work well if
top management and employees work
together toward a common vision of zero
incidents.
 Create
a safety culture that drives each
employees’ thoughts and actions in their
personal and professional lives.
 MS is more than a regulation.
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45.  Creates an environment where
employees are responsible for their
safety and the safety of their fellow
employees.
A safety culture is built through the
establishment of a fundamentally sound
safety program.
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