Vitamin D has two main forms, D2 and D3. It is a steroid compound that plays an essential role in regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism. The active form, calcitriol, maintains normal plasma calcium and phosphorus levels by acting on the intestine, bone, and kidneys. A vitamin D deficiency can lead to rickets in children, characterized by soft bones and skeletal deformities.
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Vitamin - D
1.
2. Other names of Vitamin D
Cholecalciferol
Calciferol
Antirachitic factor
Sun-shine Vitamin
3.
4.
5. Vitamin D is a steroid compound.
There are two forms of vitamin D
7-Dehydro
cholesterol
Cholecalciferol
(Vitamin D3)
Ergosterol Ergocalciferol
(Vitamin D2)
9. RDA for Vitamin D isā¦
200 ā 400
IU 5 ā 10 Ī¼g
1Ī¼g of vitamin D = 40 IU
10. Dietary vitamin D is
absorbed in the duodenum
along with lipids.
It is transported to the liver
through chylomicron.
11.
12. Active form of vitamin D isā¦
1, 25-dihdroxy
cholecalciferol
(1,25 DHCC)
Or also called
Calcitriol
13. It plays an essential role as a hormone in the
regulation of calcium & phosphorus metabolism.
14. It maintains the normal plasma level of calcium
and phosphorus by acting onā¦
Intestine bone Kidneys
15. Action of calcitriol on intestine
Intestine
ā¢ļplasma calcium & phosphorus
conc.
ā¢ļ Synthesis of calcium binding
proteins calbindins.
ā¢ļabsorption of calcium &
phosphorus from the intestine
16. Action of calcitriol on bone
Bone
ā¢ It is believed that calcitriol has both anabolic
& catabolic role on bone.
ā¢ It promotes the mineralization of bones
(anabolic)
ā¢ D3 along with PTH stimulates the
mobilization of calcium & phosphorus from
bone (catabolic)
17. Action of calcitriol on kidneys
Kidneys
ā¢ļ The reabsorption of calcium
& phosphorus from the kidney
ā¢ļ Excretion of calcium &
phosphorus.
29. Renal Rickets
ā¢In chronic renal failure synthesis of calcitriol
in kidney is impaired
ā¢As a result, the deficiency of calcitriol occurs
which leads to hypocalcemia &
hyperphosphatemia
ā¢It can be treated by oral or intravenous
administration of calcitriol
30. Vitamin D Resistant Rickets
ā¢Involve a defect in the metabolism or
mechanism of action of calcitriol.
ā¢defective vitamin D receptor
ā¢defective 1, Ī±-hydroxylase activity in
kidney
ā¢liver disease and kidney failure (ļ
production of 25-HCC & 1,25 DHCC
respectively)
31. ā¢High intake over the period of time.
ā¢Early symptoms -
ā¢Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, increased
thirst, loss of weight, etc
ā¢Hypercalcemia
ā¢Metastatic calcification
Editor's Notes
calciferol because of its role in calcium metabolism
antirachitic factor because it prevents rickets
Vitamin D could be thought of as a hormone rather than a vitamin because
The prolonged hypercalcemia causes calcification of soft tissues and organs such as kidney and may lead to formation of stones in the kidneys.