AQA A2 Geography Case Studies (Development + Globalisation, Ecosystems and Te...
NATURAL TRENDS
1. NATURAL TRENDS
This category comprises three trends
EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES
FAMINE AND DISEASES
WEATHER
2. EARTHQUAKES
Texts – Matthew 24:7, Luke 21:7,11
There have been more major earthquakes
in the 20th century than in recorded history
In the last 60 years there have been seven
9+Richter earthquakes, Russia 1952,
Alaska 1957, Chile 1960, Alaska 1964
Indonesia 2004, Japan 2011
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3. EARTHQUAKE TRENDS
1978 - Anti earthquake devices costing $6.5
billion being installed in Tokyo.
1980 - Mt St Helens in Washington State
explodes killing over 40 people and destroying
large areas of forest.
1999 – 7.4 Richter earthquake with its epicentre
near Izmit on August 17 is the most devastating
disaster in Turkey for 150 years with a death toll
of 40,000 and 600,000 being left homeless.
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4. EARTHQUAKE TRENDS
2000 - The rate of major earthquakes appears to
be increasing with an average of 10.5
earthquakes per year above 6.9 on the Richter
scale for the 1980’s and 15.3 for the 1990’s
Very severe earthquakes of 8 Richter or above
have increased from 4 per decade in the 1980’s
to 6 per decade in the 1990’s and to date 10 per
decade in our present decade.
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5. EARTHQUAKE TRENDS
2004 - December 26th a massive 9.0
Richter off Banda Aceh caused a Tsunami
which devastated coastal areas around
the Indian Ocean causing huge loss of life .
2011 - On March 11th a 9.0 earthquake
struck Honshu, Japan triggering a
tsunami killing some 20,000
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6. FAMINES AND DISEASES
Current world population is totally compatible
with 8 people surviving Noah’s universal flood
around 2400 BC!
World population at the time of Christ about
200 m In 2011 world population reached 7b
1 b [1804], 2b [1927], 3b [1960], 4b [1974],
5b [1987], 6 b [1999], 7b [2011], 8b [2027]
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7. FOOD PRODUCTION 1980
To improve nutrition, food production required
quadrupling between 1975 and 2000.
To maintain the present poor nutrition, 10-20
million hectares of new land has to be developed
annually.
Every day 10,000 people throughout the world
die of starvation or malnutrition.
Most of the good arable land in the world is
under pasture or being tilled at the present.
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8. FAMINES AND DISEASES
1979 -12 million of the world's children died each
year from preventative diseases, due to lack of
funds.
1988 -It is expected that unless populations are
curtailed, some of the world's cities could
collapse within 40 years. By 2025 Mexico City
will have a population of 37.5 million, Shanghai
36.1 million, Beijing 31.9, and Sao Paulo 29.6.
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9. FAMINES AND DISEASES
1993 - TB and AIDS is a fatal combination. One
third of the world’s population has already been
infected with TB.
2003 - Estimates published by the WHO puts the
number of adults living with the HIV virus
globally at the end of 2003 to be 37 million. This
compares with 3,000 cases of HIV/AIDS globally
twenty years ago.
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10. FAMINES AND DISEASES
2009 – Over 500 species of insects are
immune to insecticides with 15 species so
resistant that they are very hard to kill.
2010 Environmentalists pushing for a two
children limit and abortion as the world
population of 6.7 billion expected to rise to
9.2 billion by 2050
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11. WEATHER
Text - Luke 21:25
1979 - Scotland records lowest ever
temperatures; sea freezes. Moscow sizzles,
highest recorded this century. Fiercest
hurricane of the century in the Caribbean.
1987 - More than 15 million trees were blown
down by the hurricane of October which struck
South-East England in October. In Sussex,
Suffolk and Kent a fifth of all timber is down. The
damage to forests is more than double that of
any previous gale in living memory.
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12. WEATHER TRENDS
2007 - The world has experienced record
breaking weather events from early 2007, with
tropical storms, hurricanes, tornados, floods,
heat waves, forest fires, snow in South Africa
and the Arabian Peninsula’ first tropical cyclone
2010 - Quakes and floods mark this year as the
most deadliest in more than a generation
2012 – Very severe winter weather in Europe
with snow in Rome and many dead in Ukraine
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13. USA- ISRAEL WEATHER TESTS
COST TO USA EMERGENCY SERVICES FOR MAJOR INCIDENTS
For the period 1992- 2006 the top ten incidents are:-
2005 Hurricane KATRINA $7.20b
1994 Earthquake NORTHBRIDGE $ 6.96b
1998 Hurricane GEORGES $2.25b
2004 Hurricane IVAN $1.95b
1992 Hurricane ANDREW $1.81b
2004 Hurricane CHARLEY $1.56b
2004 Hurricane FRANCES $1.43b
2004 Hurricane JEANNE $1.41b
2001Tropical Storm ALLISON $1.34b
Hurricane HUGO in 1998 was the only one that cannot be related to
pressure exerted on Israel by the United States [more info see Book 98]
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