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1. GRID
VOLTAGE
REGULATION
SUBMITTED BY:-
ADITYA NEHWAL
ROLL NO - 02
S7 - EEE

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUTION
 OBJECTIVE
 VOLTAGE REGULATION DESCRIPTION
 BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION
 SIMULATION RESULT ANALYSIS
 SMART GRID CONCEPT
 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
 APPLICATION
 CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION
 Grid Voltage Regulation utilizing storage batteries in
PV solar–wind plant based distributed generation
system.
 Utilities have voltage regulation equipment at various
points of the distribution system to insure customers
receive the proper voltage at their meter during any
load level.
 The past and even present voltage regulation
philosophy was not developed with widespread, so
Distributed Energy Resources comes in mind at
customer premises.

4. OBJECTIVE
 Power supply and demand balance with high penetration
of renewable energy.
 Distribution voltage stability in case of a large amount
of distributed generators.
 Power-saving and energy conservation.
 Blackout prevention and outage time reduction.
 Demand response in severe power system condition.

5. VOLTAGE REGULATION DESCRIPTION
 Voltage regulation: The degree of deviation of
terminal voltage ,when load current is applied at any
power factor or the percentage change in the output
voltage from no-load to full-load.
 Regulation = ( [V]nl-[V]l) [V]nl
Where [V]nl & [V]l are the no-load and load terminal
voltages.

6. ELECTRICAL GRID:
 An electrical grid is an interconnected network for
delivering electricity to suppliers to consumers.
 It consist of generating station that produce electrical
power, high voltage transmission lines that carry
power from distant sources to demand centre &
distribution lines that connect individual customers.
 The AC electrical grids are composed of substations
connected to each other by overhead, underground,
lines.

7. BLOCK DIAGRAM DISCRIPTION
Proposed utilisation solar-wind farm

8. Operational modes:
The voltage and flow of power at PCC(point of common
coupling) is monitored.
During night-time If the PCC voltage is observed to
increase beyond a certain level. significant amount of
reverse power flow is detected, the battery charging loop
is activated.
Part of the wind generated real power (ΔPWF) is
extracted and utilized to charge the batteries such that
the voltage at PCC will be regulated.
.

9. Several batteries can be charged simultaneously if very
high amount of reverse power flow causing significant
voltage rise at PCC is noticed.
PVSolar – wind farm work together for charging and
discharging of battery.
During the day-time, this stored energy in the batteries
is delivered back to the PCC

10.  In morning hours or late afternoon hours when the
power generated from PV solar farm is not at its peak,
the battery will be connected in parallel with solar farm
generated output.
 PV solar farm and storage battery will simultaneously
support the load power demand.
 If the power generated by a DG is more than load
demand connected downstream of the PCC, the excess
power flows back towards the main grid.

11. SIMULATION RESULT ANALYSIS

12. SYSTEM FEEDER VOLTAGE CONTROL USING PV SOLAR
FARM INVERTER AND STORAGE BATTERY (DURING
BATTERY CHARGING).

13. INVERTER CURRENT AND GRID CURRENT
PROFILES DURING BATTERY CHARGING.

14. SYSTEM FEEDER VOLTAGE CONTROL OF
INVERTER AND STORAGE BATTERY (DURING
BATTERY DISCHARGING) .

15. INVERTER AND GRID CURRENT PROFILES DURING
BATTERY DISCHARGING.

16. SMART GRID CONCEPT
 A smart grid is a modernized electrical grid that uses
analogue or digital information and communications
technology
 It act on information about the behaviours of suppliers
and consumers.
 It work in automated fashion to improve the efficiency,
reliability, economics, and sustainability of the
production and distribution of electricity.

17. SMART GRID NETWORK

18. ADVANTAGES
 Balance Management Validation Operation
 Distribution Management Validation Operation
 Total Operation (Balancing and Distribution
Management)
 During each of these operations mode power shortage
can maintain.
 Troubles such as lighting, voltage drop, short circuit
and so on will be tested.
.

19.  Distributed Generation increases the reliability of
power supply to the consumers.
 Significantly reduces Transmission and Distribution
losses.
 It improve the voltage profiles, power quality and
supports the voltage stability of the system.
 This allows the system to withstand higher loading
conditions and
 Reduce the cost of Infrastructure for building the
transmission and distribution systems.
 Utilization of solar-wind can be made part of the
smart grid or micro grid to improve the efficiency of
the system.

20. DISVANTAGES
 Wind turbines will have visual, acoustic and bird life
impact.
 This farms require large area compared to the
conventional technologies for the same installed
capacity.
 The output of some of the renewable energy sources
such as wind, PV are variable and difficult to predict.
 Connecting the Distributed Generation sources to the
grid is complex.
 Protection design requires good communication
between Distributed Generation project developer and
Grid authorities. during the design.

21. APPLICATION
 Voltage sags that degrade power can stem from a
number of sources at the utility.
 Useful in voltage trips, recloses, fault depressions,
commutations, and inductive electrical loads.
 Industrial loads that involve electric arc furnaces,
large motor starts and stalls, thus disrupting of
voltage can reduce.
 It is very useful to PQ-IVR(power quality of
industrial voltage restorer) system.

22. CONCLUSION
 The bidirectional inverter of PV solar farm is utilized
as a battery charger especially during the night-time to
charge the batteries
 voltage rise (due to a substantial amount of reverse
power flow from the wind farm) is controlled by
utilizing the solar farm inverter to charge the batteries.
 The solar farm inverter is operated as a three-phase
controlled rectifier which draws sinusoidal currents at
unity power factor operation
 A new generation of devices for voltage regulation
based on solid-state technology are in the early
commercialization stages.

23.  Distribution regulation involves a "regulation point":
the point at which the equipment tries to maintain
constant voltage.
 Customers closer than this point experience the
opposite effect: higher voltage at high load, and
lower voltage at light load.

24. THANK YOU