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From Technologies to Markets
© 2021
From Technologies to Markets
Microphones,
Microspeakers,
and Audio
Processing
Courtesy of Gerd Altmann from Pixabay
Market and Technology
Trends 2021
Sample
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2
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
DEFINITIONS
Microphones, microspeakers and audio solutions
Microphones
Transducers
that convert
sound into an
electrical signal.
Microspeakers
Transducers that
convert electrical
signals into
sound.
Audio Codec
Electronic device that
enable coding or
decoding a digital
data stream of audio.
Audio Amp
Electronic device that
increases the strength or
amplitude of audio signals
passing through it.An
audio amplifier amplifies
low-power audio signals to
a level suitable for driving
loudspeakers.
APU / SoC
Main processor which
can include audio
processing such as DSP
functionalities, which
enable fast digital signal
processing. It can
process data in real time,
making it ideal for
applications that can't
tolerate delays.
Courtesy of Knowles
Courtesy of USound
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• Glossary 2
• Definitions 3
• Table of contents 4
• Scope of the report 5
• Methodologies and definitions 9
• About the authors 10
• Companies cited in this report 12
• What we got right, What we got wrong 13
• 3-page summary 16
• Executive summary 20
• Context 60
o Introduction
o A voice-connected world
o The digital audio chain
o Microphones
o Microspeakers
o Audio IC
• Market forecasts 75
o Microphones
o Microspeakers
o Audio IC
• Market trends 116
o Consumer trends
o Automotive trends
o Industrial trends
o Medical trends
o Military trends
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
• Market shares and supply chain 178
o Competition in the microphone market
o The audio industry galaxy
o MEMS-based audio supply chain
o Partnerships, mergers and acquisitions
o 2018 microphone revenue market share
o MEMS microphone players and offered technologies
o MEMS microphone revenue rankings
o MEMS microphone value chain
o MEMS speaker value chain
o Audio IC landscape
o Audio IC market share
o Supply chain for audio IC for mobile devices
o Current value of components
o Potential value of components
o MEMS-based audio value chain
• Technology trends 210
o Microphones
o Speakers
o Audio IC
o Packaging
• Outlook 283
• How to use our data? 287
• About Yole Développement 290
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Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
SCOPE OFTHE REPORT
MEMS microphones
Microspeakers
Audio processing
Electret condenser microphones (ECMs)
Not included in the report*
Yours needs are
out of the report’
scope?
Contact us for a custom:
* Only used for comparison with the MEMS microphone market.The ECM market
analysis is not included in this report.
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Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
REPORT METHODOLOGY
Market
Volume (in Munits)
ASP (in $)
Revenue (in $M)
Yole’s market forecast model is based on the matching of several sources:
Information
Aggregation
Preexisting
information
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Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Biographies & contacts
Alexis DEBRAY
Alexis Debray is a Technology & Market Analyst in the MEMS and Sensors team at Yole Développement, the ‘More than Moore’ market research and
strategy consulting company. Alexis spent 17 years in Japan, including 2 years at the University of Tokyo where he studied MEMS technologies, and 15
years at Canon Inc. where he was a research engineer. There he contributed to works on MEMS devices, lingual prehension, and terahertz imaging
devices. He is the author of various scientific publications and patents.
Alexis graduated from ENSICAEN and holds a PhD in applied acoustics.
Contact: alexis.debray@yole.fr
Dimitrios DAMIANOS
Dimitrios Damianos, PhD joinedYole Développement (Yole) as a Technology and Market Analyst in the Photonics & Sensing division. Dimitrios is daily
working with his team to deliver valuable technology & market reports regarding the imaging and sensor industry including photonics & MEMS. He
holds a BSc in Physics and a MSc degree in Photonics from the University of Patras (Greece).After his research on theoretical and experimental
quantum optics and laser light generation, Dimitrios pursued a Ph.D. at Grenoble’s university (France) in optics and microelectronics. He has also
authored and co-authored several scientific papers in international peer-reviewed journals.
Contact: dimitrios.damianos@yole.fr
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Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Biographies & contacts
Adrien SANCHEZ
As a Technology & Market Analyst, Computing & Software, Adrien Sanchez belongs to the Semiconductor, Memory & Computing division at Yole
Développement (Yole).
In collaboration with his team, Adrien produces technology & market analyses covering computing hardware and software, AI, machine learning and
neural networks. Adrien graduated with a double degree at Grenoble Institute of Technology PHELMA (Grenoble INP Phelma, France) and Grenoble
Ecole de Management (GEM, France), and he earned an MSc on AI at Heriot-Watt University (Edinburgh, UK).
Contact: adrien.sanchez@yole.fr
Pierre DELBOS
Pierre DELBOS is a Technology & Market Analyst in the Photonics & Sensing division atYole Développement.
Pierre is involved in the development of technology and market reports covering MEMS & sensing technologies, including inertial sensors,
microphones, optical MEMS, and particle sensors. He also collaborates with his team on custom studies for the key players in the MEMS Industry.
Pierre holds a master’s degree in Microelectronics and Photonics Engineering from Grenoble Institute of Technology, PHELMA (France).
Contact: pierre.delbos@yole.fr
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AAC Technologies,AKM,Airoha,Alibaba,Amlogic,Ambiq Micro,AMS AG,Analog
Devices,Apple,ASE,Audience,Audiopixels,Awinic, BESTechnic, Bluetrum, Broadcom,
Bosch Sensortec, BSE, CEVA, Cirrus Logic, Cypress, Diodes Incorporated, DSP Group,
EPiCMEMS, Gettop, Goermicro, Goertek, Google, Harman, HiSilicon, Hosiden, HTC,
Huawei, Infineon, Intel, InvenSense, Jieli Technology, Knowles, Maxim integrated,
MediaTek, MEMSensing, Merus Audio, Merry Electronics, Microsoft, Motorola,
NeoMEMS, NJRC, Nokia, NXP, Omron, Oppo, Partron, Qualcomm, Realtek, Richtek,
Rohm Semiconductor, Samsung, SensiBel, Silicon Mitus, Sony, Sonic Edge, Sonion,
STMicroelectronics, Synaptics,TDK-Invensense,Texas Instruments,TSMC, UniSoc,
USound,Vesper, XFab, Xiaomi, xMEMS, xMOS,Yamaha, Zilltek and more
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
COMPANIES CITED IN THIS REPORT
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THE AUDIO CHAIN
sound source
microphone
Low pass
filter
Sampling Quantizing
Analog signal
Digital domain
Processing
Computing
Analyzing
Digital to
analog
conversion
Amplifier
pressure waves
loudspeaker
Low pass
filter
Analog signal
• Noise cancellation
• Echo cancellation
• Beam forming
• Source localization
• Speech recognition
• Data mining
Cloud
Cloud or
APU or
SoC
Codec IC
or SoC or
APU
APU: Application Processor Unit
Codec IC: Coding decoding Integrated Circuit
SoC: System on a Chip
Codec IC or SoC or
APU or Amplifier IC
Digital microphone or Codec IC
or SoC or APU
Codec IC or SoC or APU
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
Power consumption
• Microphone: < 1 mW
• Codec: 5 mW
• Speech recognition: 100 mW (highly dependent on
number of words and algorithm)
• Amplifier: 50 mW for smartphone
10
AUDIO MARKET FORECAST
2020 - 2026 forecast
In the next
five years, the
audio market
growth will be
driven by
MEMS
microphones
and audio-
centric APU
and SoC.
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
MEMS
microphone
Audio codec
APU,Audio SoC,
Audio DSPs
Audio
amplifiers
Microspeakers
$1.2B
$1.3B
CAGR 0.8%
$2B
$2.9B
CAGR 6.2%
$1.4B
$2.5B
CAGR 10.5%
$9B
$11B
CAGR 3.5%
2020
$15.3B
2026
$21.4B
Consumer audio IC
$1.8B
$3.9B
CAGR 13.3%
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$740M
CAGR 3.1%
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
MEMS MICROPHONE MARKET BY MAIN APPLICATION
$13M
$267M
CAGR 22%
$81M
$103M
CAGR 42%
$142M
CAGR -0.22%
$144M
$171M
$750M
CAGR 28%
$96M
$146M
CAGR 7.2%
$615M
2020
$1.3B
2026
$2.4B
$229M
$288M
CAGR 3.9%
TWS earbuds
Smart speakers
Laptops
Automotive
Smartphones
Hearing aids
Other applications
12
VOICE ACTIVITY DETECTION IN THE CONSUMER MARKET
Applications driving the future microphone market
Voice is and
will remain a
major vector
for human &
machine
interface
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
Voice activity is the only
way to interact withVPAs
New functionality for
new high-end loud-
speakers : voice
instructions /
command
• Navigating through the
menu by giving oral
instructions is more
efficient
• SmartTV remotes are
now integrating MEMS
microphones
It is obvious that voice and
motion recognition will be
the main ways to
communicate with the HMD.
Microphones modules could be placed in each room to
communicate with the smart home software or the virtual buttler.
The increasing attachment
rate of MEMS
microphones in TWS is
leading to a crystal-clear
voice pick-up through
beamforming and new
functionalities like noise
cancelling.
VPA / Smart speakers Smart loud-
speakers
SmartTV
AR /VR
Smart home
TWS earbuds
Microphones
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MEMS MICROSPEAKER MARKET TRENDS
The need for
better sound,
lower power
consumption
and thinner
devices has
prompted
many startups
to jump into
MEMS
microspeaker
development.
Audio Pixels USound xMEMS
Arioso
• In development
for a long time -
over 15 years.
• No real product
yet as
performance is
not clear.
• Established in
2014.
• Initial funding
€17M.
• Last round (May
2019) raised
$30M.
• Fraunhofer
IPMS spin-off.
• Initial funding
€2.6M (2020).
• Based on NED
electrostatic
actuators.
• California startup.
• Claims a “true
MEMS-based
speaker”, a
membrane and
actuator
monolithically
integrated.
• Has raised $11M in
funding since 2017.
Startups
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
Sonic Edge
• Founded in
2019.
• Raised $80k for
its MEMS
microspeaker
technology via
an EU project.
Who has the
winning recipe?
14
14
MARKET SHARES & SUPPLY CHAIN
Introduction
This chapter will provide:
MEMS microphone market
Audio IC
• MEMS microphone market shares (2019 & 2020)
o Dies
o First Level Packaging
• MEMS microphone supply chain
• Player's map (dies + FLP)
• Map with the:
o Audio codec players
o Audio amp players
o Audio IP & processors companies
o TWS Bluetooth processors players
• Supply chain – Audio IC for:
o Mobile devices
o Smart speakers
o TWS earbuds
• Audio IC market shares
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
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Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
MEMS MICROPHONE RELATIONSHIPS
design + die manufacturing
only die manufacturing
design, manufacture & sell
Is manufacturing dies for
2.276Bunits
2.009Bunits
200Munits
100Munits
386Munits
411Munits
**
Push from chinese
foundries to win
over clients??
?
?
** Infineon has become a
vertically integrated MEMS
microphone manufacturer
 to keep innovation speed
for the dies they offer
16
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AUDIO TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS
Introduction
In this chapter, you will find the technological trends of:
MEMS microphones
• ECM vs MEMS technology comparison
• Detection principal  the membrane
• Key features for microphones
• Capacitive vs. Piezoelectric MEMS
o Capacitive technology
o Piezoelectric technology
o Comparison
o Market forecast
• SNR
o An important key feature
o Market forecast
• Analog vs. Digital MEMS
o Market forecast
• Main trends
o ANC
o Beamforming
o Bone conduction sensors
Microspeakers
• What is a microspeaker?
• Different conventional technologies
• MEMS technology description
• Conventional vs. MEMS technology
comparison
• Players:
o Their microspeaker
o Technology
o Size
o …
Audio ICs
• Audio chain description
• AI unit for edge computing
o Why develop a dedicated unit to
compute AI applications on the edge?
o The need of specialized hardware for
AI acceleration
o AI-accelerator, the specialized unit
o Heterogenous computing
• Smart speaker processor technology trend
• TWS earbuds processing technology trends
• Audio treatments trends
• Software for audio: speech recognition, voice
recognition, NLP,…
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
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17
CAPACITIVEVS. PIEZOELECTRIC
Both
technologies
have
advantages and
drawbacks. In
any case, the
piezoelectric
market will
grow in the
upcoming
years.
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
CAPACITIVE PIEZOELECTRIC
PROS
CONS
• Thanks to the single layered structure,
the sensor is immune to dust, water
and particulate matter (which is
important for TWS  ear wax)
• Good SNR  mid-end for now but
could reach high-end SNR with the
proper materials
• Possibility to co-integrate the
microphone and a piezoelectric
accelerometer for bone conduction
sensing
o Miniaturization useful for TWS
• High ASP:
o New technology
o Market still growing
o But an added value
 Price is expected to decrease if
high-volumes are shipped, reaching the
capacitive MEMS’ ASP.
• Vulnerable to dust, water and
particulate matter with a membrane
+ backplate structure.
o BUT  the recent sealed dual
membrane technology from
Infineon is dust and water resistant
• High-performance capacitive
microphones have already been
developed (sealed dual membrane from
Infineon)  70~75dB SNR
• Low ASP  the market is mature
enough and the prices are around $0.15
to $0.25.
Courtesy of Vesper
“The new piezoelectric films developed by Applied Materials are a game changer and we
now see a clear path for piezoelectric microphones to assume leadership in signal to noise
reduction, size and cost.” Matthew Crowley, CEO, Vesper
Courtesy of Vesper
18
18
WHERE IS AI COMPUTED?
3 levels are possible
On the wearable On a smartphone In the cloud
Pro Cons
Pro Cons Pro Cons
• Latency
• Network connection
• Privacy
• Intermediate power
constraint
• Smartphone has APU with
advance capacities
• Possible to combine
information from different
sensors to generate
inferences
• Can display information to
the user
• Display
• Strong power constraint
• Strong heat constraint
• Footprint
• No computing, power
and heat limitation
• Higher computing
capabilities
• Access to others data
• The smartphone needs
to be close enough
and connected
• The smartphone needs
to be on.
• No smartphone is
required
• Can communicate
information directly
Privacy for sensitive data (potentially
related to health) will prevent use of
the cloud in most cases, at least for
raw data.
Only for wearables which have a user interface:
• Display interface: Smartwatches,AR glasses
• Audio interface: Earbuds
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
19
AUDIO TREATMENTSTRENDS
Treatments to improve sound quality
More and
more
advanced
functionalities
are being
added to
audio devices.
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
Beamforming
Beamforming is a signal processing technique for spatial filtering used in sensor arrays for
directional signal transmission or reception.
Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) uses a noise-canceling system to reduce unwanted background
noise.The system is based on microphones that register the sounds outside and inside of the earphone,
then an ANC chipset inverting the soundwaves and a speaker inside the earphone canceling the outside
sound by the neutralizing soundwaves.
Noise
Cancellation
Methods
Passive Noise Cancellation uses ear cups to seal out unwanted noise.This is used for both over-ear
headphones and in-ear earphones where the earbud itself will keep surrounding noise out.
AdaptiveActive Noise Cancellation (A2NC) automatically changes the levels of noise cancellation
on its own, detecting changes in the frequency of sound coming at the listener and adapting in real-time.
Spatial Audio
SpatialAudio or 3D Audio is a technic which based on dynamic head tracking to the movie theater
experience known since the introduction of the Dolby Atmos and DTS:X formats in 2012. Headphones use
digital filters to adjust how sound bounces into your ear, tricking your brain into thinking the music is
coming from throughout a 3D space.
Noise
reduction
Noise reduction is a set of technics that are consisting in selecting and isolating a targeted audio
source in a noisy audio scene.These methods are complementary to beamforming methods.
Help to listen audio
sources in a noisy
environment. AI-controlled AutomaticAdaptive ANC (A3NC) automatically changes the levels of noise
cancellation on its own, using AI for context & location awareness and adapt ANC not only to the sound
level by also to the specific context, providing features such as stopping ANC if the user starts to speak.
20
Contact our
SalesTeam
for more
information
20
Contact our
SalesTeam
for more
information
Wearables in Consumer and
Medical Applications 2020
Neuromorphic Computing
and Sensing 2021
Status of the MEMS Industry
2021
Computing and AI Technologies for
Mobile and Consumer Applications
2021
Processor Quarterly Market
Monitor
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
YOLE GROUP OF COMPANIES RELATED ANALYSES
Yole Développement
21
Contact our
SalesTeam
for more
information
21
Contact our
SalesTeam
for more
information
Consumer MEMS Microphone
Comparison 2020
ConsumerTeardownTrack
Smartphones Design Win
Monitor 2021
Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
YOLE GROUP OF COMPANIES RELATED ANALYSES
System Plus Consulting
22
22
The Yole Group of Companies, including Yole Développement,
System Plus Consulting, Knowmade and PISEO, are pleased to
provide you a glimpse of our accumulated knowledge.
Feel free to share our data with your own network, within your
presentations, press releases, dedicated articles and more. But
before that, contact our Public Relations department to
make sure you get up-to-date, licensed materials.
We will be more than happy to give you our latest results and
appropriate formats of our approved content.
Your contact: Sandrine Leroy, Dir. Public Relations
Email: leroy@yole.fr
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HOWTO USE OUR DATA?
About Yole Développement | www.yole.fr | ©2020
CONTACTS
Western US & Canada
Hal Levy - hal.levy@yole.fr
+ 1 408 334-0554
Eastern US & Canada
ChrisYouman - chris.youman@yole.fr
+1 919 607 9839
Europe and RoW
Lizzie Levenez - lizzie.levenez@yole.f
+49 151 23 54 41 82
DACH (North Germany,Austria, Switzerland)
Neha CHAUDHURY - neha.chaudhury@yole.fr
+49 172 97 47 248
Benelux, UK & Scandinavia
Marine Wybranietz - marine.wybranietz@yole.fr
+49 69 96 21 76 78
South Germany & France
Martine Komono - martine.komono@yole.fr
+49 173 69 43 31
India and RoA
Takashi Onozawa - takashi.onozawa@yole.fr
+81 80 4371 4887
Greater China
MavisWang - mavis.wang@yole.fr
+886 979 336 809 +86 136 6156 6824
Korea
Peter Ok - peter.ok@yole.fr
+82 10 4089 0233
Japan
Miho Ohtake - miho.ohtake@yole.fr
+81 34 4059 204
Toru Hosaka – toru.hosaka@yole.fr
+81 90 1775 3866
Japan and Singapore
Itsuyo Oshiba - itsuyo.oshiba@yole.fr
+81 80 3577 3042
FINANCIAL SERVICES
› Jean-Christophe Eloy - eloy@yole.fr
+33 4 72 83 01 80
› Ivan Donaldson - ivan.donaldson@yole.fr
+1 208 850 3914
CUSTOM PROJECT SERVICES
› Jérome Azémar, Yole Développement -
jerome.azemar@yole.fr - +33 6 27 68 69 33
› Julie Coulon, System Plus Consulting -
jcoulon@systemplus.fr - +33 2 72 17 89 85
GENERAL
› Brice Le Gouic, Marketing & Sales
brice.legouic@yole.fr - +81 80 8131 7837
› Sandrine Leroy, Public Relations
sandrine.leroy@yole.fr - +33 4 72 83 01 89
› General inquiries: info@yole.fr - +33 4 72 83 01 80
REPORTS, MONITORS &TRACKS
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About Yole Développement | www.yole.fr | ©2021

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Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021

  • 1. From Technologies to Markets © 2021 From Technologies to Markets Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing Courtesy of Gerd Altmann from Pixabay Market and Technology Trends 2021 Sample
  • 2. 2 2 Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 DEFINITIONS Microphones, microspeakers and audio solutions Microphones Transducers that convert sound into an electrical signal. Microspeakers Transducers that convert electrical signals into sound. Audio Codec Electronic device that enable coding or decoding a digital data stream of audio. Audio Amp Electronic device that increases the strength or amplitude of audio signals passing through it.An audio amplifier amplifies low-power audio signals to a level suitable for driving loudspeakers. APU / SoC Main processor which can include audio processing such as DSP functionalities, which enable fast digital signal processing. It can process data in real time, making it ideal for applications that can't tolerate delays. Courtesy of Knowles Courtesy of USound
  • 3. 3 3 • Glossary 2 • Definitions 3 • Table of contents 4 • Scope of the report 5 • Methodologies and definitions 9 • About the authors 10 • Companies cited in this report 12 • What we got right, What we got wrong 13 • 3-page summary 16 • Executive summary 20 • Context 60 o Introduction o A voice-connected world o The digital audio chain o Microphones o Microspeakers o Audio IC • Market forecasts 75 o Microphones o Microspeakers o Audio IC • Market trends 116 o Consumer trends o Automotive trends o Industrial trends o Medical trends o Military trends Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS • Market shares and supply chain 178 o Competition in the microphone market o The audio industry galaxy o MEMS-based audio supply chain o Partnerships, mergers and acquisitions o 2018 microphone revenue market share o MEMS microphone players and offered technologies o MEMS microphone revenue rankings o MEMS microphone value chain o MEMS speaker value chain o Audio IC landscape o Audio IC market share o Supply chain for audio IC for mobile devices o Current value of components o Potential value of components o MEMS-based audio value chain • Technology trends 210 o Microphones o Speakers o Audio IC o Packaging • Outlook 283 • How to use our data? 287 • About Yole Développement 290
  • 4. 4 4 Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 SCOPE OFTHE REPORT MEMS microphones Microspeakers Audio processing Electret condenser microphones (ECMs) Not included in the report* Yours needs are out of the report’ scope? Contact us for a custom: * Only used for comparison with the MEMS microphone market.The ECM market analysis is not included in this report.
  • 5. 5 5 Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 REPORT METHODOLOGY Market Volume (in Munits) ASP (in $) Revenue (in $M) Yole’s market forecast model is based on the matching of several sources: Information Aggregation Preexisting information
  • 6. 6 Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Biographies & contacts Alexis DEBRAY Alexis Debray is a Technology & Market Analyst in the MEMS and Sensors team at Yole Développement, the ‘More than Moore’ market research and strategy consulting company. Alexis spent 17 years in Japan, including 2 years at the University of Tokyo where he studied MEMS technologies, and 15 years at Canon Inc. where he was a research engineer. There he contributed to works on MEMS devices, lingual prehension, and terahertz imaging devices. He is the author of various scientific publications and patents. Alexis graduated from ENSICAEN and holds a PhD in applied acoustics. Contact: alexis.debray@yole.fr Dimitrios DAMIANOS Dimitrios Damianos, PhD joinedYole Développement (Yole) as a Technology and Market Analyst in the Photonics & Sensing division. Dimitrios is daily working with his team to deliver valuable technology & market reports regarding the imaging and sensor industry including photonics & MEMS. He holds a BSc in Physics and a MSc degree in Photonics from the University of Patras (Greece).After his research on theoretical and experimental quantum optics and laser light generation, Dimitrios pursued a Ph.D. at Grenoble’s university (France) in optics and microelectronics. He has also authored and co-authored several scientific papers in international peer-reviewed journals. Contact: dimitrios.damianos@yole.fr
  • 7. 7 Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Biographies & contacts Adrien SANCHEZ As a Technology & Market Analyst, Computing & Software, Adrien Sanchez belongs to the Semiconductor, Memory & Computing division at Yole Développement (Yole). In collaboration with his team, Adrien produces technology & market analyses covering computing hardware and software, AI, machine learning and neural networks. Adrien graduated with a double degree at Grenoble Institute of Technology PHELMA (Grenoble INP Phelma, France) and Grenoble Ecole de Management (GEM, France), and he earned an MSc on AI at Heriot-Watt University (Edinburgh, UK). Contact: adrien.sanchez@yole.fr Pierre DELBOS Pierre DELBOS is a Technology & Market Analyst in the Photonics & Sensing division atYole Développement. Pierre is involved in the development of technology and market reports covering MEMS & sensing technologies, including inertial sensors, microphones, optical MEMS, and particle sensors. He also collaborates with his team on custom studies for the key players in the MEMS Industry. Pierre holds a master’s degree in Microelectronics and Photonics Engineering from Grenoble Institute of Technology, PHELMA (France). Contact: pierre.delbos@yole.fr
  • 8. 8 8 AAC Technologies,AKM,Airoha,Alibaba,Amlogic,Ambiq Micro,AMS AG,Analog Devices,Apple,ASE,Audience,Audiopixels,Awinic, BESTechnic, Bluetrum, Broadcom, Bosch Sensortec, BSE, CEVA, Cirrus Logic, Cypress, Diodes Incorporated, DSP Group, EPiCMEMS, Gettop, Goermicro, Goertek, Google, Harman, HiSilicon, Hosiden, HTC, Huawei, Infineon, Intel, InvenSense, Jieli Technology, Knowles, Maxim integrated, MediaTek, MEMSensing, Merus Audio, Merry Electronics, Microsoft, Motorola, NeoMEMS, NJRC, Nokia, NXP, Omron, Oppo, Partron, Qualcomm, Realtek, Richtek, Rohm Semiconductor, Samsung, SensiBel, Silicon Mitus, Sony, Sonic Edge, Sonion, STMicroelectronics, Synaptics,TDK-Invensense,Texas Instruments,TSMC, UniSoc, USound,Vesper, XFab, Xiaomi, xMEMS, xMOS,Yamaha, Zilltek and more Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 COMPANIES CITED IN THIS REPORT
  • 9. 9 9 THE AUDIO CHAIN sound source microphone Low pass filter Sampling Quantizing Analog signal Digital domain Processing Computing Analyzing Digital to analog conversion Amplifier pressure waves loudspeaker Low pass filter Analog signal • Noise cancellation • Echo cancellation • Beam forming • Source localization • Speech recognition • Data mining Cloud Cloud or APU or SoC Codec IC or SoC or APU APU: Application Processor Unit Codec IC: Coding decoding Integrated Circuit SoC: System on a Chip Codec IC or SoC or APU or Amplifier IC Digital microphone or Codec IC or SoC or APU Codec IC or SoC or APU Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 Power consumption • Microphone: < 1 mW • Codec: 5 mW • Speech recognition: 100 mW (highly dependent on number of words and algorithm) • Amplifier: 50 mW for smartphone
  • 10. 10 AUDIO MARKET FORECAST 2020 - 2026 forecast In the next five years, the audio market growth will be driven by MEMS microphones and audio- centric APU and SoC. Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 MEMS microphone Audio codec APU,Audio SoC, Audio DSPs Audio amplifiers Microspeakers $1.2B $1.3B CAGR 0.8% $2B $2.9B CAGR 6.2% $1.4B $2.5B CAGR 10.5% $9B $11B CAGR 3.5% 2020 $15.3B 2026 $21.4B Consumer audio IC $1.8B $3.9B CAGR 13.3%
  • 11. 11 11 $740M CAGR 3.1% Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 MEMS MICROPHONE MARKET BY MAIN APPLICATION $13M $267M CAGR 22% $81M $103M CAGR 42% $142M CAGR -0.22% $144M $171M $750M CAGR 28% $96M $146M CAGR 7.2% $615M 2020 $1.3B 2026 $2.4B $229M $288M CAGR 3.9% TWS earbuds Smart speakers Laptops Automotive Smartphones Hearing aids Other applications
  • 12. 12 VOICE ACTIVITY DETECTION IN THE CONSUMER MARKET Applications driving the future microphone market Voice is and will remain a major vector for human & machine interface Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 Voice activity is the only way to interact withVPAs New functionality for new high-end loud- speakers : voice instructions / command • Navigating through the menu by giving oral instructions is more efficient • SmartTV remotes are now integrating MEMS microphones It is obvious that voice and motion recognition will be the main ways to communicate with the HMD. Microphones modules could be placed in each room to communicate with the smart home software or the virtual buttler. The increasing attachment rate of MEMS microphones in TWS is leading to a crystal-clear voice pick-up through beamforming and new functionalities like noise cancelling. VPA / Smart speakers Smart loud- speakers SmartTV AR /VR Smart home TWS earbuds Microphones
  • 13. 13 13 MEMS MICROSPEAKER MARKET TRENDS The need for better sound, lower power consumption and thinner devices has prompted many startups to jump into MEMS microspeaker development. Audio Pixels USound xMEMS Arioso • In development for a long time - over 15 years. • No real product yet as performance is not clear. • Established in 2014. • Initial funding €17M. • Last round (May 2019) raised $30M. • Fraunhofer IPMS spin-off. • Initial funding €2.6M (2020). • Based on NED electrostatic actuators. • California startup. • Claims a “true MEMS-based speaker”, a membrane and actuator monolithically integrated. • Has raised $11M in funding since 2017. Startups Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 Sonic Edge • Founded in 2019. • Raised $80k for its MEMS microspeaker technology via an EU project. Who has the winning recipe?
  • 14. 14 14 MARKET SHARES & SUPPLY CHAIN Introduction This chapter will provide: MEMS microphone market Audio IC • MEMS microphone market shares (2019 & 2020) o Dies o First Level Packaging • MEMS microphone supply chain • Player's map (dies + FLP) • Map with the: o Audio codec players o Audio amp players o Audio IP & processors companies o TWS Bluetooth processors players • Supply chain – Audio IC for: o Mobile devices o Smart speakers o TWS earbuds • Audio IC market shares Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
  • 15. 15 15 Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 MEMS MICROPHONE RELATIONSHIPS design + die manufacturing only die manufacturing design, manufacture & sell Is manufacturing dies for 2.276Bunits 2.009Bunits 200Munits 100Munits 386Munits 411Munits ** Push from chinese foundries to win over clients?? ? ? ** Infineon has become a vertically integrated MEMS microphone manufacturer  to keep innovation speed for the dies they offer
  • 16. 16 16 AUDIO TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS Introduction In this chapter, you will find the technological trends of: MEMS microphones • ECM vs MEMS technology comparison • Detection principal  the membrane • Key features for microphones • Capacitive vs. Piezoelectric MEMS o Capacitive technology o Piezoelectric technology o Comparison o Market forecast • SNR o An important key feature o Market forecast • Analog vs. Digital MEMS o Market forecast • Main trends o ANC o Beamforming o Bone conduction sensors Microspeakers • What is a microspeaker? • Different conventional technologies • MEMS technology description • Conventional vs. MEMS technology comparison • Players: o Their microspeaker o Technology o Size o … Audio ICs • Audio chain description • AI unit for edge computing o Why develop a dedicated unit to compute AI applications on the edge? o The need of specialized hardware for AI acceleration o AI-accelerator, the specialized unit o Heterogenous computing • Smart speaker processor technology trend • TWS earbuds processing technology trends • Audio treatments trends • Software for audio: speech recognition, voice recognition, NLP,… Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
  • 17. 17 17 CAPACITIVEVS. PIEZOELECTRIC Both technologies have advantages and drawbacks. In any case, the piezoelectric market will grow in the upcoming years. Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 CAPACITIVE PIEZOELECTRIC PROS CONS • Thanks to the single layered structure, the sensor is immune to dust, water and particulate matter (which is important for TWS  ear wax) • Good SNR  mid-end for now but could reach high-end SNR with the proper materials • Possibility to co-integrate the microphone and a piezoelectric accelerometer for bone conduction sensing o Miniaturization useful for TWS • High ASP: o New technology o Market still growing o But an added value  Price is expected to decrease if high-volumes are shipped, reaching the capacitive MEMS’ ASP. • Vulnerable to dust, water and particulate matter with a membrane + backplate structure. o BUT  the recent sealed dual membrane technology from Infineon is dust and water resistant • High-performance capacitive microphones have already been developed (sealed dual membrane from Infineon)  70~75dB SNR • Low ASP  the market is mature enough and the prices are around $0.15 to $0.25. Courtesy of Vesper “The new piezoelectric films developed by Applied Materials are a game changer and we now see a clear path for piezoelectric microphones to assume leadership in signal to noise reduction, size and cost.” Matthew Crowley, CEO, Vesper Courtesy of Vesper
  • 18. 18 18 WHERE IS AI COMPUTED? 3 levels are possible On the wearable On a smartphone In the cloud Pro Cons Pro Cons Pro Cons • Latency • Network connection • Privacy • Intermediate power constraint • Smartphone has APU with advance capacities • Possible to combine information from different sensors to generate inferences • Can display information to the user • Display • Strong power constraint • Strong heat constraint • Footprint • No computing, power and heat limitation • Higher computing capabilities • Access to others data • The smartphone needs to be close enough and connected • The smartphone needs to be on. • No smartphone is required • Can communicate information directly Privacy for sensitive data (potentially related to health) will prevent use of the cloud in most cases, at least for raw data. Only for wearables which have a user interface: • Display interface: Smartwatches,AR glasses • Audio interface: Earbuds Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021
  • 19. 19 AUDIO TREATMENTSTRENDS Treatments to improve sound quality More and more advanced functionalities are being added to audio devices. Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 Beamforming Beamforming is a signal processing technique for spatial filtering used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) uses a noise-canceling system to reduce unwanted background noise.The system is based on microphones that register the sounds outside and inside of the earphone, then an ANC chipset inverting the soundwaves and a speaker inside the earphone canceling the outside sound by the neutralizing soundwaves. Noise Cancellation Methods Passive Noise Cancellation uses ear cups to seal out unwanted noise.This is used for both over-ear headphones and in-ear earphones where the earbud itself will keep surrounding noise out. AdaptiveActive Noise Cancellation (A2NC) automatically changes the levels of noise cancellation on its own, detecting changes in the frequency of sound coming at the listener and adapting in real-time. Spatial Audio SpatialAudio or 3D Audio is a technic which based on dynamic head tracking to the movie theater experience known since the introduction of the Dolby Atmos and DTS:X formats in 2012. Headphones use digital filters to adjust how sound bounces into your ear, tricking your brain into thinking the music is coming from throughout a 3D space. Noise reduction Noise reduction is a set of technics that are consisting in selecting and isolating a targeted audio source in a noisy audio scene.These methods are complementary to beamforming methods. Help to listen audio sources in a noisy environment. AI-controlled AutomaticAdaptive ANC (A3NC) automatically changes the levels of noise cancellation on its own, using AI for context & location awareness and adapt ANC not only to the sound level by also to the specific context, providing features such as stopping ANC if the user starts to speak.
  • 20. 20 Contact our SalesTeam for more information 20 Contact our SalesTeam for more information Wearables in Consumer and Medical Applications 2020 Neuromorphic Computing and Sensing 2021 Status of the MEMS Industry 2021 Computing and AI Technologies for Mobile and Consumer Applications 2021 Processor Quarterly Market Monitor Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 YOLE GROUP OF COMPANIES RELATED ANALYSES Yole Développement
  • 21. 21 Contact our SalesTeam for more information 21 Contact our SalesTeam for more information Consumer MEMS Microphone Comparison 2020 ConsumerTeardownTrack Smartphones Design Win Monitor 2021 Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 YOLE GROUP OF COMPANIES RELATED ANALYSES System Plus Consulting
  • 22. 22 22 The Yole Group of Companies, including Yole Développement, System Plus Consulting, Knowmade and PISEO, are pleased to provide you a glimpse of our accumulated knowledge. Feel free to share our data with your own network, within your presentations, press releases, dedicated articles and more. But before that, contact our Public Relations department to make sure you get up-to-date, licensed materials. We will be more than happy to give you our latest results and appropriate formats of our approved content. Your contact: Sandrine Leroy, Dir. Public Relations Email: leroy@yole.fr Microphones, Microspeakers, and Audio Processing 2021 | Sample | www.yole.fr | ©2021 HOWTO USE OUR DATA?
  • 23. About Yole Développement | www.yole.fr | ©2020 CONTACTS Western US & Canada Hal Levy - hal.levy@yole.fr + 1 408 334-0554 Eastern US & Canada ChrisYouman - chris.youman@yole.fr +1 919 607 9839 Europe and RoW Lizzie Levenez - lizzie.levenez@yole.f +49 151 23 54 41 82 DACH (North Germany,Austria, Switzerland) Neha CHAUDHURY - neha.chaudhury@yole.fr +49 172 97 47 248 Benelux, UK & Scandinavia Marine Wybranietz - marine.wybranietz@yole.fr +49 69 96 21 76 78 South Germany & France Martine Komono - martine.komono@yole.fr +49 173 69 43 31 India and RoA Takashi Onozawa - takashi.onozawa@yole.fr +81 80 4371 4887 Greater China MavisWang - mavis.wang@yole.fr +886 979 336 809 +86 136 6156 6824 Korea Peter Ok - peter.ok@yole.fr +82 10 4089 0233 Japan Miho Ohtake - miho.ohtake@yole.fr +81 34 4059 204 Toru Hosaka – toru.hosaka@yole.fr +81 90 1775 3866 Japan and Singapore Itsuyo Oshiba - itsuyo.oshiba@yole.fr +81 80 3577 3042 FINANCIAL SERVICES › Jean-Christophe Eloy - eloy@yole.fr +33 4 72 83 01 80 › Ivan Donaldson - ivan.donaldson@yole.fr +1 208 850 3914 CUSTOM PROJECT SERVICES › Jérome Azémar, Yole Développement - jerome.azemar@yole.fr - +33 6 27 68 69 33 › Julie Coulon, System Plus Consulting - jcoulon@systemplus.fr - +33 2 72 17 89 85 GENERAL › Brice Le Gouic, Marketing & Sales brice.legouic@yole.fr - +81 80 8131 7837 › Sandrine Leroy, Public Relations sandrine.leroy@yole.fr - +33 4 72 83 01 89 › General inquiries: info@yole.fr - +33 4 72 83 01 80 REPORTS, MONITORS &TRACKS Follow us on About Yole Développement | www.yole.fr | ©2021