This presentation was created in partnership with H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design. Jo Ann Howard, Principal of H2O, simplifies the complexity of disaster prevention by comparing paralleling it with theatre and the human drama of politics and our system.

1. ADISASTERDRAMA IN THREE ACTS

2. TOWNIES What disaster? It’s been 5 years since the flood… Yesterday wasa long time ago! © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

3. STATIES wear different hats. Legislative Sombreros Governor Crowns Barrister Wigs © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

4. UNCLE SAM Presidential Executive Agency Commander-in-Chief Congressional Federal Courts © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

5. PRIVATE BUSINESS Infrastructure Players Power Companies SUBSTATE GOVERNMENTS Health Care Institutions Counties/ Parishes Regional Development Authorities (Councils of Governments) Transportation NONPROFITS/ CHARITABLE GROUPS Communications © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

6. Sometimes an actor tries to don the costume and role of another actor… Katrina © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

7. STAGE BACKGROUND

8. THE CONSTITUTION = MASTER SCRIPT

9. SET DESIGN IS A WORK IN PROGRESS.

10. PREAMBLE TO CONSTITUTION Government Powers Individual Rights © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

11. STATIES on stage first.

12. 3 MODELS OF FEDERAL SYSTEM All power at national level UNITARY CONFEDERATION Equal states share power FEDERAL Power divided © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

13. FEDERALISM © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

14. WHAT KIND OF CAKEIS FEDERALISM? National States © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

15. THE POWER QUESTION ? © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

16. The American Disaster Management System represents Shared or Concurrent Powers. © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

17. ACT ONE: Introduce actors and tension mounts.

18. Danger in the wings!

19. Emergency Management is essentially a role played by local governments. © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

20. Locals remain in charge of an event – even if it’s one of “national significance.” © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

21. Local Governments’ failures are largely pre-disaster inactions. So many duties, so little time.. © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

22. Local Governments are lead disaster actors but must know their lines.

23. The Federal Government SUPPLEMENTS – not supplants. © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

24. POSSE COMITATUS © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

25. The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act – Public Assistance I declare a disaster!

26. Stafford ActPublic AssistanceGrants to Statesfrom Uncle.Staties andTownies have topaytheir shareof recovery costs.

27. Federal Program crosses into Townie stage. NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

28. STATES’ ROLES © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

29. States manage their own financial resources and also federal funds. © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

30. Emergency Response Mitigation STATES HAVE CRITICAL ROLES IN DISASTERS INCLUDING: Long-Term Disaster Recovery Grants Management © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

31. Preparedness Mitigation 4 PHASES OF HAZARDS MANAGEMENT Recovery Response © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

32. NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (NIMS) FEDERAL STATE LOCAL © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

33. States, locals and private actors manage the majority of critical infrastructures in the U.S. STATE LOCAL FEDERAL PRIVATE ACTORS © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

34. MITIGATION PREPARED -NESS RECOVERY © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

35. What function isgovernment performing? What’s the cause of the disaster? What’s the scale of the disaster? © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

36. ROWBOAT FEDERALISM If all levels of government don’t row… WE ALL SINK. © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

37. WHOOOOO PAYS? © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

38. ACT TWO Pratfalls on the disaster stage…

39. CRITICS CITE PERCEIVED MISSTEPS Mitigation opportunities lost by allowing / encouraging rebuilding in high-risk areas Environmental protection lost out in priority in the recovery process Layers of federal bureaucracy and “red tape” CDBG funding did not include significant mitigation programs National Flood Insurance enables floodplain development © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

40. UNCLE SAM: VILLAIN OR HERO? © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

41. Which actor can best keep Danger away? Who should pay when Danger comes? Who should be center stage when Danger strikes? © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

42. Whoooooooo pays? We all pay. © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

43. BUILD A SUSTAINABILITY SET HEALTH SAFETY ECONOMICS © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

44. ACT THREE Hope brings down the curtain.

45. GET STANDING OVATIONS – NOT BOOS! Bravo! © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

46. DISASTER DRAMA CAN HAVE HAPPIER ENDINGS. Tie Federal Aid to Mitigation and Environmental Protection Measures Public Assistance Conditioned on Mitigation in Rebuilding Keep CDBG as Discretionary Disaster Assistance Funding Have Rainy Day Funds for Grant Matches Amend Stafford Act (PA) for Cat Events Adopt EMACs Award Pre-Event Competitively-Procured Contracts Utilize PA Workflow/Expenditure Tracking Systems to Expedite PA Grants Identify and Mitigate Risks Define Disaster Roles and Responsibilities and Practice Improve Public/Private Partnerships Pre- and Post-Incident Push for More Mitigation Funds and Financial Aide for Disaster Recovery © 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design

47. We all have a part to play onstage.

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56. Credit© 2009 / H2O Partners and BrightSpot Info Design