By Saadet Guliyeva

1. 28 May
Republic Day &
Mammad Amin
Rasulzadeh

2. The Declaration of Independence
• Republic Day is a national holiday in Azerbaijan, observed annually on
28 May. This was the day in 1918, when the Azerbaijan Democratic
Republic was proclaimed for the first time. It is one of the brightest
pages in the history of Azerbaijani people, which commemorated the
country unification

3. • The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan
Demokratik Respublikası – (also known as Azerbaijan People's
Republic (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Xalq Cümhuriyyəti) was the second
democratic republic in the Turkish world and Muslim world, after the
Crimean People's Republic. İt lasted only 23 monthes.

4. • ADR was founded by the Azerbaijani National Council in Tiflis on 28
May 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire.
• Its established borders were with Russia to the north, the Democratic
Republic of Georgia to the north-west, the First Republic of Armenia
to the west, and Iran to the south. It had a population of 2.86 million.
• Ganja was the temporary capital of the Republic as Baku was under
Bolshevik control.

5. Under the ADR, a government system was
developed in which a Parliament was the
supreme organ of state authority; the Council
of Ministers was held responsible before it.
Fatali Khan Khoyski became its first prime
minister.

6. First Parliament of Azerbaijan Republic

7. • Among the important accomplishments of the Parliament was making
Azerbaijan the first Muslim nation to grant women equal political
rights with men.
• Another important accomplishment of the ADR was the
establishment of Baku State University, which was the first modern-
type university founded in Azerbaijan

8. Mammad Emin Rasulzadeh
Mammad Amin Rasulzade (January 31, 1884 –
March 6, 1955) was an Azerbaijani statesman,
scholar, public figure and the first and only
president of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan
(1918–1920). His expression "Bir kərə yüksələn
bayraq, bir daha enməz!" - "The flag once raised
will never fall!" became the motto of the
independence movement in Azerbaijan in the 20th
century.

9. Mammad Amin Rasulzadeh’s speech on
Independence day

10. First flag of Azerbaijan Democtratic Republic
till November 9, 1918