Indexing Structures in Database Management system.pdf
Convention on Biodiversity
1. Convention on Biological
Diversity (CBD)
Ivonne Higuero,
Programme Coordination
Ecosystems management focal point for Europe
United Nations Environment Programme
Workshop on MEAs
Tirana, Albania
22 to 24 June 2010
3. Convention on Biological Diversity
Objectives
Conservation of biological diversity
Sustainable use of the components of
biological diversity
Fair and equitable sharing of the benefits
arising out of the utilization of genetic
resources
4. Institutional arrangements of the
CBD: the Conference of the Parties
(COP)
The governing body of the Convention is the
Conference of the Parties (193 Parties)
Its key function is to keep under review the
implementation of the Convention and to steer
its development
Other important functions of the COP include:
adoption of the budget,
the consideration of national reports,
the adoption of protocols or annexes
and the development of guidance to the financial
mechanism
5. The Meetings of the COP
Meetings of the COP are held every two
years and they are open to all Parties to
the Convention as well as to observers
from non-Parties, intergovernmental
organizations and non-governmental
organizations.
6. Institutional arrangements of the CBD:
the Subsidiary Body on Scientific,
Technological and Technical Advice
The SBSTTA is an open ended
intergovernmental scientific advisory
body to provide the COP with advice and
recommendations on scientific,
technological and technical aspects of
the implementation of the Convention.
7. CBD Financial Mechanism: The Global
Environment Facility (GEF)
GEF receives guidance from the COP on policy, strategy,
programme priorities, and eligibility criteria related to the use of
resources for purposes of the Convention
Projects of the GEF are undertaken by Parties to the Convention
and the Implementing Agencies of the GEF: UNEP, UNDP and
World Bank
Executing Agencies contribute to the management and execution
of GEF Projects
More than 150 GEF-financed projects are executed or co-
executed by, or contain contracts or sub-contracts to, NGOs.
Projects generally deal with one or more of four critical ecosystem
types and the human communities found there: 1) arid and semi-
arid ecosystems; 2) coastal, marine, and freshwater ecosystems;
3) forest ecosystems; and 4) mountain ecosystems. The GEF also
has a fifth operational programme: Conservation and Sustainable
Use of Biological Diversity Important to Agriculture
China is both a donor to the GEF and a recipient of GEF funding.
US$44.3 million has been allocated to China for biodiversity
projects between 2006-2010
8. Clearing-House Mechanism
Promotes and facilitates technical and
scientific cooperation, within and
between countries
Develops a global mechanism for
exchanging and integrating information
on biodiversity
Develops the necessary human and
technological network
9. Thematic Programmes
The COP has initiated work on seven thematic work
programmes:
marine and coastal biodiversity;
agricultural biodiversity;
forest biodiversity;
inland waters biodiversity;
Island biodiversity;
Mountain biodiversity;
dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity.
Each thematic programme establishes:
a vision for, and basic principles to guide, future work;
sets out key issues for consideration;
identifies potential outputs;
a timetable and means for achieving these outputs.
10. Cross-Cutting Issues
There are a number of other items on the COP’s agenda addressing key
cross-cutting issues of relevance to all thematic areas:
Access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing
Alien species
Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices
Biological diversity and tourism
Climate change and biological diversity
Indicators
Public education and awareness
Economics, trade and incentive measures
Ecosystem approach
Global strategy for plant conservation
Global taxonomy initiative
Impact assessment
Liability and redress
Protected areas
Sustainable use of biodiversity
2010 Biodiversity Target
Technology transfer and cooperation
11. National Reports
The objective of national reporting is to
provide information on measures taken
for the implementation of the Convention
and the effectiveness of these measures
The national reporting process is key to
enabling the COP to assess the overall
status of implementation of the
Convention
12. National Biodiversity Strategies and
Action Plans (NBSAP)
Article 6 of the CBD creates an obligation for
national biodiversity planning
The development and adoption of a national
biodiversity strategy is a cornerstone to
implementation of the Convention by Parties
A national strategy will reflect how the country
intends to fulfill the objectives of the
Convention in light of specific national
circumstances, and the related action plans will
constitute the sequence of steps to be taken to
meet these goals
13. Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
The Protocol seeks to protect biological diversity from
the potential risks posed by living modified organisms
resulting from modern biotechnology
It establishes an advance informed agreement
procedure for ensuring that countries are provided with
the information necessary to make informed decisions
before agreeing to the import of such organisms into
their territory
The Protocol also establishes a Biosafety Clearing-
House to facilitate the exchange of information on living
modified organisms and to assist countries in the
implementation of the Protocol
14. Access to Genetic Resources
and Benefit-Sharing—
International Regime
Currently being negotiated under the
CBD
Agreement on a framework for the
international regime
Next meeting will take place in July 2010
Objective to adopt at CBDCOP10 in
Nagoya
15. “Biodiversity Summit”,
CBDCOP10, Nagoya, Japan,
October 2010
2010 target has not been met, and that extinction and habitat loss
are continuing and accelerating, the stakes for COP 10 are high.
SBSTTA-14 focused on: urgent action to reverse the current
biodiversity loss rate, finding the right timing for more politically
acceptable decision-making, and making use of the opportunities
offered by the International Year of Biodiversity and the Rio+20
process.
SBSTTA 14 charted a renewed way forward to fulfilling the three
objectives of the Convention by mainstreaming biodiversity in
different sectors and strengthening synergies across the
composite puzzle of global environmental governance.
The General Assembly high-level event on biodiversity may
provide an opportunity both for the Rio Conventions’ Parties and
Secretariats to lay the ground for more synergistic and
programmatic collaboration.
New CBD Strategic Plan and post 2010 biodiversity targets
16.
17. The need to strengthen the science-
policy interface on Biodiversity and
Ecosystem Services
No single authoritative and credible
voice on the science of biodiversity and
ecosystem services.
Strong support expressed for exploring
the potential for a new
intergovernmental mechanism
Preliminary conclusions
18. To discuss whether to establish an IPBES and negotiate text
on considerations for its function, guiding principles and
recommendations.
Busan Outcome document was adopted agreeing that IPBES
should, inter alia: be established; collaborate with existing
initiatives on biodiversity and ecosystem services; and be
scientifically independent.
They recommended that: the UN General Assembly be
invited to consider the conclusions of the meeting and take
appropriate action for the establishment of an IPBES; and
UNEP’s Governing Council invite UNEP, in cooperation with
UNESCO, FAO and UNDP, to continue to facilitate any
ensuing process of implementing the IPBES until such time
that a secretariat is established.
3rd IPBES meeting conclusions