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A   Presentation by R.K.Sahoo




                           14 August 2012   1
“It takes 20 years to build a reputation and only 5
minutes to ruin it.” (Warren Buffet).

Business should not only be responsible morally
to   the     stakeholders but   also   to  the
society, environment and towards a sustainable
planet at large.



                                 14 August 2012       2
Many other names are used to refer to CSR such as socially
responsible business, responsible business conduct, responsible
entrepreneurship, corporate citizenship, corporate accountability or
corporate sustainability.

CSR is the continuing commitment by businesses to behave
ethically & contribute to economic development while improving the
quality of life of the workforce & their families ,local communities
and the society at large.
                               (World Business Council)


                                         14 August 2012         3
 CSR requires companies to acknowledge that they should be publicly
  accountable not only for their financial performance but also for their
  social and environmental record.

 CSR   encompasses the extent to which companies should promote
  human rights,democracy,community improvement and sustainable
  development objectives throughout the world.
                         (Confederation of British Industry,2001).

 CSR is the commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable
  economic development working with employees, their families, the
  local community and society at large to improve their quality of life in
  ways that are both for business and good for international
  development.
                World Bank,24 March 2004). 14 August 2012              4
CSR is an extended model of corporate governance
based on the fiduciary duties owed to all the firm’s
shareholders.

CSR is about how companies manage the business
processes to produce an overall positive impact on the
society.

CSR is the responsibility of corporations to go above and
beyond what the law requires them to do.

CSR is the responsibility of corporations to contribute to
a better society and cleaner environment.

                                     14 August 2012          5
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger.
 Achieve universal Primary education.
 Promote gender equality and empower women.
 Reduce child mortality.
 Improve maternal health.
 Combat HIV/ AIDS, Malaria & other fatal diseases.
 Ensure environmental sustainability.
 Develop a global partnership.

Source:( United Nations Millennium Project).
                                   14 August 2012    6
DISCRETIONARY              philanthropy
                             RESPONSIBILITY


                                ETHICAL                License to operate
                            RESPONSIBILITIES


Attain profits within
the confines of the      LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES
        law.


                                                              Produce goods and
                        ECONOMIC RESPONSIBILITIES           services to earn profit.


                                               14 August 2012                    7
Business Ethics, values and principles.
Accountability and transparency(Legal
compliance).
Commitments to socio-economic developments.
Environmental concerns.
Human rights.
Workers rights and welfare.
Market relations.
Sustainability.
Corporate governance.

                            14 August 2012    8
Influence of political systems on CSR.
 The liberal model of US and the european union which based on
  individual equality and liberty.
 The nationalist model within which the economic activities are
  subordinated to the goals of the state(e.g. Imperial Japan).
 The Marxist model under which investment and enterprise is
  controlled by the state(e.g. China and Cuba).

  Religion does influence the economic behavior.

  For believers the “morally right "thing to do is generally consistent
  with the notion of what God might have commanded and
  conversely the “morally wrong” choice is what God might have
  forbidden.

                                            14 August 2012         9
Increased employee loyalty and retention.
Increased quality of products and services .
Increased customer loyalty.
Increased reputation and brand image.
Greater productivity and quality.
Reduced regulatory oversight .
Access to capital and market.
Product safety and decreased liability.
Less volatile stock value.

                                14 August 2012   10
ISSUES                            STANDARDS

Environment              Kyoto protocol
                         ISO 14000 environmental management series
Labor                    Fair labor association workplace code of conduct.

Corporation governance   OECD principles of corporate governance.
                         Principles of Corporate governance in
                         commonwealth.
Money laundering         Basel committee on banking supervision.
                         Wolfsburg anti-money laundering principles.
Bribery and Corruption   OECD convention combating bribery of foreign
                         public officials in international business
                         transactions.
Human rights             Amnesty international Human right principles.

Corporate Reporting      Global reporting initiative2012
                                                       guidelines on social
                                             14 August                    11
                         ,economic and environmental reporting.
Shareholder value(Changes in stock price and
dividend).
Revenue(Changes in revenues due to change in
market share and new markets ).
Operational efficiency.
Access to debt and equity capital.
Customer attraction and retention.
Creation of brand value and reputation.
Human capital.
Risk management.
Innovation.
License to operate.                 14 August 2012   12
Agenda 21: A plan of action for governments, companies and civil
society to address human impacts on society.
Beijing declaration: (www.un.org):An international declaration on
the rights of women.
CERES principles: A ten-point code of corporate environmental
conduct for use as an environmental mission statement or ethics.
(www.ceres.org).
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
guidelines for multinational enterprises( www.oecd.org).

                                       14 August 2012        13
Wolfsburg anti-money laundering principles: Principles offer private
banks to counter money laundering.
Social Accountability 8000:Workplace standard against which to assure
worker rights & welfare.(www.sa-intl.org).
Principles of responsible investment: Principles on environmental,
social and corporate governance issues pertaining to investors.
(www.unpri.org)
Global reporting initiative: A framework for reporting on social,
environmental and economic performance(www.globalreporting.org).
Convention on biological diversity: Principles for the conservation of
biological diversity including sustainable use, sharing of benefits and
access to genetic resources(www.biodev.org).

                                             14 August 2012        14
Globalization.

Power & Influence of business corporations.

Growing access to education and information.

Growing awareness of environmental issues.

Spread of corporate scandals and public
distrust.

                               14 August 2012   15
According to Geoffrey Lantos:3 main types of CSR.

Ethical CSR: It’s about the responsibility to avoid
harms or social injuries.

Altruistic CSR: Contributing to the common good at
the possible expenses of the business for altruistic
,humanitarian or philanthropic causes.

Strategic CSR: It’s about firm’s social welfare
responsibilities that benefit both the corporation and
stakeholders.
                                    14 August 2012         16
Ethics concerns individual actions that can be
assessed as right or wrong with reference to
moral principles whereas CSR is about the
organization’s obligation to all stakeholders and
not just shareholders.

CSR is about tangible corporate practices while
business ethics is more about the values driving
business decisions.

                               14 August 2012       17
Economic Responsibility(Profit).

Social Responsibility (People).

Environmental Responsibility( Planet).


                          14 August 2012   18
Financial profit, economic growth and asset creation.
Economic impact through business processes such              as
outsourcing, knowledge innovation and social investments.
Monetary support for political parties.
Stock exchange activities including insider trading.
Economic regulation and tax incentives.
Intellectual property rights, patents, and trademarks etc.
Antitrust and competition.
State contracts and state subsidies.

                                         14 August 2012           19
Labor rights: Slave,forced,child labor,non-discrimination,equal
opportunities,minimum wages ,health & safety.
Right to work :Protecction against unjustified dismissals, vocational
training /guidance.
Right to hold opinions :Freedom of expression,thought,conscience
and religion.
Right to Privacy: Drug testing, Personal information, Surveillance
etc.
Cultural rights. Rights to take part in political life.
Right to family life.
                                          14 August 2012         20
UN convention on biodiversity: Ex situ & In situ
conservation & use of genetic material & technology
transfer.
Use and handling of genetically modified organisms.
Greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.
Soil & water contamination.
Treatment and reduction of waste water.
Eco-efficiency.
Recycling and reuse of materials .
Protection of forest resources.

                               14 August 2012   21
Nike factories in Asia were criticized for employing young
children in extremely poor working conditions.

 Explosion at Union Carbide Ltd-Bhopal ,India in Dec ,1984
caused thousands of deaths and rendered many people disabled
due to leakage of MIC gas.

Fraudulent accounting manipulations led to collapse of Houston
based Enron corporation .

James Hardie was criticized for it’s failure to provide
compensation to people affected by asbestos-related diseases. 22
                         14 August 2012
Enron was voted” America’s most innovative company”.
In 2001,Enron’s board of directors was named the 3rd best board
in US by Chief Executive Magazine.
In Dec 2001,Enron filed for bankruptcy with $63 billions in
assets, and it became one of the largest bankruptcy case in US
as an epitome of corporate greed and dishonesty.
94,000 jobs were lost putting the investors and employees at
irreparable loss.
In order to restore public trust in American corporations
,congress passed the Sarbanes –Oxley- Act(SOX Act) in 2002 in
order to protect the investors by improving the accuracy &
reliability of corporate disclosures      in accordance with
securities laws.

                                         14 August 2012           23
Green Buildings: The LEED certification by the US Green building Council has
caused the growth of green building movement.

Emphasis on green manufacturing in order to reduce the emissions of green
house gases and environmental pollutions.

Green products initiatives in order to reduce the toxic chemicals.

Product stewardship encourages everyone in the value chain to contribute to
product sustainability from producers to regulators to retailers to consumers
thereby achieving zero waste and sustainable production.

                                                 14 August 2012          24
ALCOA: The Aluminum company, was rated as one of
the most ethical companies by Ethisphere magazine in
2007.Corporate knights and Innovest rated ALCOA as
global 100 most sustainable corporations in the world.

General Electric Corporation’s Ecomagination strategy
for developing a variety of green investment initiatives
and eco-friendly products such as solar panels, water
purification systems and energy saving light bulbs.

Coca-Cola: A leading manufacturer of beverages
,emphasizes global water stewardship, sustainable
packaging ,climate protection, energy management and
eco-innovation in packaging .
                                    14 August 2012     25
Innovation in alternative transportation such as hybrid vehicles and
electric vehicles by companies like Toyota,Nissan,Honda and Tesla
Motors in order to curb the greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the
environmental hazards.

Many companies like IBM,Staples and BP are purchasing Renewable
Energy Credits (RECs) in order to support the clean energy projects.

Companies such as Ben & Jerry,IKEA,The Body Shop are promoting
Biodiversity conservation, sustainable forestry initiative, organic
farming and fair trade in order to balance the need for both business
growth, sustaining and preserving the depleting natural resources.

                                            14 August 2012              26
Towards the goal of achieving a cleaner environment, usage
of sustainable packaging materials made of biodegradable
plastics in stead of PVC plastics.

Reducing or making the productive use of waste in order
to achieve the ultimate goal of zero- waste by emphasizing
on recycling.
                                      14 August 2012         27
There are 1.28 billion mobile phone users across the globe
and over 342 million phones in UK alone.

 UK consumers get rid of their mobile phones on average
 every 18 months leaving behind environmental hazards
 due to lithium ,platinum,copper and plastics.

 Fonebak is the largest recycling company in UK that
 collects such mobile phones from operators, retailers and
 corporations for recycling and has earned highest
 accolades for its environmentally friendly business
 practices.
                                    14 August 2012     28
Corporate Citizenship Award.
National Sustainable Development Award.
Corporate Environmental Protection Award.
The Golden Peacock Global Award for CSR.
Fortune Most Admired Companies.
World Business Green Business Award.
Alcan Prize for Sustainability.



                                14 August 2012   29
CSR is the heart and soul of modern corporations and is an
important standard for corporate governance.

CSR is an indispensible mechanism for both increased corporate
accountability,profitability and environmental sustainability.

CSR is the pole star for modern corporations in order to maintain
the integrity of moral fabrics both inside and outside the
corporation while conducting socially responsible business.

                                          14 August 2012            30
14 August 2012   31

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CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

  • 1. A Presentation by R.K.Sahoo 14 August 2012 1
  • 2. “It takes 20 years to build a reputation and only 5 minutes to ruin it.” (Warren Buffet). Business should not only be responsible morally to the stakeholders but also to the society, environment and towards a sustainable planet at large. 14 August 2012 2
  • 3. Many other names are used to refer to CSR such as socially responsible business, responsible business conduct, responsible entrepreneurship, corporate citizenship, corporate accountability or corporate sustainability. CSR is the continuing commitment by businesses to behave ethically & contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce & their families ,local communities and the society at large. (World Business Council) 14 August 2012 3
  • 4.  CSR requires companies to acknowledge that they should be publicly accountable not only for their financial performance but also for their social and environmental record.  CSR encompasses the extent to which companies should promote human rights,democracy,community improvement and sustainable development objectives throughout the world. (Confederation of British Industry,2001).  CSR is the commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable economic development working with employees, their families, the local community and society at large to improve their quality of life in ways that are both for business and good for international development. World Bank,24 March 2004). 14 August 2012 4
  • 5. CSR is an extended model of corporate governance based on the fiduciary duties owed to all the firm’s shareholders. CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on the society. CSR is the responsibility of corporations to go above and beyond what the law requires them to do. CSR is the responsibility of corporations to contribute to a better society and cleaner environment. 14 August 2012 5
  • 6. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. Achieve universal Primary education. Promote gender equality and empower women. Reduce child mortality. Improve maternal health. Combat HIV/ AIDS, Malaria & other fatal diseases. Ensure environmental sustainability. Develop a global partnership. Source:( United Nations Millennium Project). 14 August 2012 6
  • 7. DISCRETIONARY philanthropy RESPONSIBILITY ETHICAL License to operate RESPONSIBILITIES Attain profits within the confines of the LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES law. Produce goods and ECONOMIC RESPONSIBILITIES services to earn profit. 14 August 2012 7
  • 8. Business Ethics, values and principles. Accountability and transparency(Legal compliance). Commitments to socio-economic developments. Environmental concerns. Human rights. Workers rights and welfare. Market relations. Sustainability. Corporate governance. 14 August 2012 8
  • 9. Influence of political systems on CSR.  The liberal model of US and the european union which based on individual equality and liberty.  The nationalist model within which the economic activities are subordinated to the goals of the state(e.g. Imperial Japan).  The Marxist model under which investment and enterprise is controlled by the state(e.g. China and Cuba). Religion does influence the economic behavior. For believers the “morally right "thing to do is generally consistent with the notion of what God might have commanded and conversely the “morally wrong” choice is what God might have forbidden. 14 August 2012 9
  • 10. Increased employee loyalty and retention. Increased quality of products and services . Increased customer loyalty. Increased reputation and brand image. Greater productivity and quality. Reduced regulatory oversight . Access to capital and market. Product safety and decreased liability. Less volatile stock value. 14 August 2012 10
  • 11. ISSUES STANDARDS Environment Kyoto protocol ISO 14000 environmental management series Labor Fair labor association workplace code of conduct. Corporation governance OECD principles of corporate governance. Principles of Corporate governance in commonwealth. Money laundering Basel committee on banking supervision. Wolfsburg anti-money laundering principles. Bribery and Corruption OECD convention combating bribery of foreign public officials in international business transactions. Human rights Amnesty international Human right principles. Corporate Reporting Global reporting initiative2012 guidelines on social 14 August 11 ,economic and environmental reporting.
  • 12. Shareholder value(Changes in stock price and dividend). Revenue(Changes in revenues due to change in market share and new markets ). Operational efficiency. Access to debt and equity capital. Customer attraction and retention. Creation of brand value and reputation. Human capital. Risk management. Innovation. License to operate. 14 August 2012 12
  • 13. Agenda 21: A plan of action for governments, companies and civil society to address human impacts on society. Beijing declaration: (www.un.org):An international declaration on the rights of women. CERES principles: A ten-point code of corporate environmental conduct for use as an environmental mission statement or ethics. (www.ceres.org). Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines for multinational enterprises( www.oecd.org). 14 August 2012 13
  • 14. Wolfsburg anti-money laundering principles: Principles offer private banks to counter money laundering. Social Accountability 8000:Workplace standard against which to assure worker rights & welfare.(www.sa-intl.org). Principles of responsible investment: Principles on environmental, social and corporate governance issues pertaining to investors. (www.unpri.org) Global reporting initiative: A framework for reporting on social, environmental and economic performance(www.globalreporting.org). Convention on biological diversity: Principles for the conservation of biological diversity including sustainable use, sharing of benefits and access to genetic resources(www.biodev.org). 14 August 2012 14
  • 15. Globalization. Power & Influence of business corporations. Growing access to education and information. Growing awareness of environmental issues. Spread of corporate scandals and public distrust. 14 August 2012 15
  • 16. According to Geoffrey Lantos:3 main types of CSR. Ethical CSR: It’s about the responsibility to avoid harms or social injuries. Altruistic CSR: Contributing to the common good at the possible expenses of the business for altruistic ,humanitarian or philanthropic causes. Strategic CSR: It’s about firm’s social welfare responsibilities that benefit both the corporation and stakeholders. 14 August 2012 16
  • 17. Ethics concerns individual actions that can be assessed as right or wrong with reference to moral principles whereas CSR is about the organization’s obligation to all stakeholders and not just shareholders. CSR is about tangible corporate practices while business ethics is more about the values driving business decisions. 14 August 2012 17
  • 18. Economic Responsibility(Profit). Social Responsibility (People). Environmental Responsibility( Planet). 14 August 2012 18
  • 19. Financial profit, economic growth and asset creation. Economic impact through business processes such as outsourcing, knowledge innovation and social investments. Monetary support for political parties. Stock exchange activities including insider trading. Economic regulation and tax incentives. Intellectual property rights, patents, and trademarks etc. Antitrust and competition. State contracts and state subsidies. 14 August 2012 19
  • 20. Labor rights: Slave,forced,child labor,non-discrimination,equal opportunities,minimum wages ,health & safety. Right to work :Protecction against unjustified dismissals, vocational training /guidance. Right to hold opinions :Freedom of expression,thought,conscience and religion. Right to Privacy: Drug testing, Personal information, Surveillance etc. Cultural rights. Rights to take part in political life. Right to family life. 14 August 2012 20
  • 21. UN convention on biodiversity: Ex situ & In situ conservation & use of genetic material & technology transfer. Use and handling of genetically modified organisms. Greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. Soil & water contamination. Treatment and reduction of waste water. Eco-efficiency. Recycling and reuse of materials . Protection of forest resources. 14 August 2012 21
  • 22. Nike factories in Asia were criticized for employing young children in extremely poor working conditions. Explosion at Union Carbide Ltd-Bhopal ,India in Dec ,1984 caused thousands of deaths and rendered many people disabled due to leakage of MIC gas. Fraudulent accounting manipulations led to collapse of Houston based Enron corporation . James Hardie was criticized for it’s failure to provide compensation to people affected by asbestos-related diseases. 22 14 August 2012
  • 23. Enron was voted” America’s most innovative company”. In 2001,Enron’s board of directors was named the 3rd best board in US by Chief Executive Magazine. In Dec 2001,Enron filed for bankruptcy with $63 billions in assets, and it became one of the largest bankruptcy case in US as an epitome of corporate greed and dishonesty. 94,000 jobs were lost putting the investors and employees at irreparable loss. In order to restore public trust in American corporations ,congress passed the Sarbanes –Oxley- Act(SOX Act) in 2002 in order to protect the investors by improving the accuracy & reliability of corporate disclosures in accordance with securities laws. 14 August 2012 23
  • 24. Green Buildings: The LEED certification by the US Green building Council has caused the growth of green building movement. Emphasis on green manufacturing in order to reduce the emissions of green house gases and environmental pollutions. Green products initiatives in order to reduce the toxic chemicals. Product stewardship encourages everyone in the value chain to contribute to product sustainability from producers to regulators to retailers to consumers thereby achieving zero waste and sustainable production. 14 August 2012 24
  • 25. ALCOA: The Aluminum company, was rated as one of the most ethical companies by Ethisphere magazine in 2007.Corporate knights and Innovest rated ALCOA as global 100 most sustainable corporations in the world. General Electric Corporation’s Ecomagination strategy for developing a variety of green investment initiatives and eco-friendly products such as solar panels, water purification systems and energy saving light bulbs. Coca-Cola: A leading manufacturer of beverages ,emphasizes global water stewardship, sustainable packaging ,climate protection, energy management and eco-innovation in packaging . 14 August 2012 25
  • 26. Innovation in alternative transportation such as hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles by companies like Toyota,Nissan,Honda and Tesla Motors in order to curb the greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the environmental hazards. Many companies like IBM,Staples and BP are purchasing Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) in order to support the clean energy projects. Companies such as Ben & Jerry,IKEA,The Body Shop are promoting Biodiversity conservation, sustainable forestry initiative, organic farming and fair trade in order to balance the need for both business growth, sustaining and preserving the depleting natural resources. 14 August 2012 26
  • 27. Towards the goal of achieving a cleaner environment, usage of sustainable packaging materials made of biodegradable plastics in stead of PVC plastics. Reducing or making the productive use of waste in order to achieve the ultimate goal of zero- waste by emphasizing on recycling. 14 August 2012 27
  • 28. There are 1.28 billion mobile phone users across the globe and over 342 million phones in UK alone. UK consumers get rid of their mobile phones on average every 18 months leaving behind environmental hazards due to lithium ,platinum,copper and plastics. Fonebak is the largest recycling company in UK that collects such mobile phones from operators, retailers and corporations for recycling and has earned highest accolades for its environmentally friendly business practices. 14 August 2012 28
  • 29. Corporate Citizenship Award. National Sustainable Development Award. Corporate Environmental Protection Award. The Golden Peacock Global Award for CSR. Fortune Most Admired Companies. World Business Green Business Award. Alcan Prize for Sustainability. 14 August 2012 29
  • 30. CSR is the heart and soul of modern corporations and is an important standard for corporate governance. CSR is an indispensible mechanism for both increased corporate accountability,profitability and environmental sustainability. CSR is the pole star for modern corporations in order to maintain the integrity of moral fabrics both inside and outside the corporation while conducting socially responsible business. 14 August 2012 30