full details about late blight of potato

2. Late Blight of Potato

3. Late Blight of Potato
Description:
• This disease caused by fungus called Phytophthora
infestans.
• The disease may attack almost any time after the crop has
put up a fairly good foliage.
• Initially the lower leaves infected.

5. Late blight
Phytophthora infestans
• Irish famine - 1845-46
Symptoms
• Leaves, stems and tubers
• Water soaked spots appear on leaves, turn purple brown & finally
black colour
• White growth develops on under surface
• Stem breaks at these points and the plant topples

6. • In tubers - purplish brown spots & spread to
entire surface
• Tuber show rusty brown necrosis spreading
from surface to the center

10. Mode of spread and survival
• Infected tubers and infected soil - source of primary infection
• Survival of fungus in fruiting stage or as dormant mycelium
in the soil
• Persisting of perennial mycelium in affected tubers from the
field, stored and used as seed in next season
Epidemiology
• Cool (12 to 15oC) and humid ( above 90 %) weather with
rains alternating with warm (20o C) moist period

11. Fungus
 Mycelium - endophytic, coenocytic and hyaline
 Sporangiophores – arise from internal mycelium through stomata
on the tubers
 Sporangia - multinucleate, thin walled, hyaline, oval shaped
 Zoospores - biflagellate
Phytophthora infestans
A, zoospores produced within the
lemon-shaped sporangia (B).

15. Control measures
 S. demissum and S. phureja - used for breeding for disease
resistant varieties
 Varieties - Kufri Naveen, Kufri Jeevan, Kufri Alenkar, Kufri Moti
 Bruising of tubers at harvest should be avoided
 Regular spraying during growing season gives effective control- 10
to 15 days interval
– Brestan 600g/ha
– Zineb 0.2 %
– Bordeaux mixture 1.0%
– Mancozeb (2 kg/ha)