Leadership styles, qualities of leader, functions of leaders

1. Leadership:
Activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group
objectives.
Features:
1. Followers
2. Working relationship (Active participant)
3. Achievement of common goal
4. Willingness
5. Exercised in given situation
6. Social interaction- influence process
7. Power relationship
8. Continuous, dynamic & psychological process
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2. Leader Vs Boss:
1. Inspire /drive
2. Accomplishes work & develop employee / expense of
employee
3. Positive /negative approach (our /my)
4. Coaches vs instill fear
5. We / I
6. Blame on himself/ others
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3. Importance of leadership:
1. Guiding people (World Cup 1983)
2. Developing team work (Gary Kristen)
3. Maintain discipline ( Lal Bahadur Shastri)
4. Building morale (Battle of longewala)
5. Representing the group (Sam Manekshaw)
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4. Leadership style:
Autocratic or authoritarian
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5. Leadership style:
Democratic or participative
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6. Leadership style:
Free-rein or Laissez-faire
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7. Leadership style:
Comparison
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8. Leadership Theories:
1. Trait theory
2. Physical quality – Sh Pne E F
A. Intellectual quality – Hi Sj At Sa Su
B. Moral quality – I Fp Mc Wp O
C. Social quality – Ai T Sc Ini Hra
(Leaders are born not made)
(Gandhi, GW, Hitler, Hun)
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9. Leadership Theories:
2. Behavioral theory
A. Michigan studies (Employee & Production)
B. The Ohio state university studies (Consideration &
Initiating) (LOQ, LBDQ)
3. Managerial Grid
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Country Club 1,9
Middle Road 5,5
Team 9,9
Impoverished 1,1, Task 9,1
Concern
for
people
Concern for production
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10. 4. Situational models:
1.Fiedler’s contingency model
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Good Poor
High Low High Low
S W S W S W S W
Leader member
relation
Task structure
Leader position
power
Most favourable Most unfavourable
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11. 4. Situational models:
2.Path goal theory
A. Instrumental/directive
B. Supportive
C. Participative
D. Achievement oriented
a. Characterless of subordinates
b. Work environment
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12. 4. Situational models:
3.Life cycle theory
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HR, LT (S3 - Participating)
Able, unwilling
HT, HR (S2 – Selling)
Unable, willing
LR, LT (S4 - Delegating)
Able, willing
HT, LR (S1- Telling)
Unable, unwilling
Relation
behaviour
Task behaviour
ImmatureMature
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13. Motivation:
Motive: anything that initiate or sustain activity, inner state of
energy
Motivation: process of steering a person inner drives and
action towards certain goals and committing his energies to
achieve these goals
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14. Nature of Motivation:
1. Personal & internal feeling
2. Goal directed behavior
3. Continuous process
4. Complex
5. System oriented a. individual b. organization c. external
6. Can not be partly motivated
7. Positive/negative
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15. Importance of Motivation:
1. Higher efficiency
2. Optimum utilization of resources
3. Reduction in labor turnover
4. Better industrial relations
5. Easier selection
6. Facilitates changes
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16. Theories of Motivation:
1. Maslow's need hierarchy theory
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(Social needs)
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2. Herzberg motivation hygiene theory
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3. McGregor theory X & theory Y
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21. 4. Ouchi’s Theory Z
1. Trust
2. Strong bond
3. Employee involvement
4. Integrated organization
5. Coordination
6. Informal control system
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5. Adam’s equity theory
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6. Vroom’s theory
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