This slide is related with the Hawthorne study by Elton Mayo....

1. Human Relation Theory
Elton Mayo

2. Hawthorne Studies (1924-1933)
 This Theory gives higher importance to human relationship.
 It consider employees as a higher being rather than factor of production.
 It gives importance to workers need, feeling & interest on jobs. Its primary
focus is on human factor of an organization.
 This theory was developed by Elton Mayo.
 It is also known as Human Relation Theory.

3.  This Study mark the beginning of human relation theory.
 They consist a series of experiments that focuses on behavior in work place.
 Productivity is not only a technical but also social phenomenon or workers
attitude groom productivity.
 Workers are motivated by social needs.
 Team work improve Efficiency.
Hawthorne Studies (1924-1933)

4. Four phases of Hawthorne Study

5.  This Experiment was conducted to measure the affects of lightning on the
productivity to work in different department.
 Under this experiment adequate lightning facility was provided to one
department where as other department was not provided sufficient amount of
lightning.
 But the both condition, the productivity increase.
 This experiment shows that the productivity not only depend on working
condition but also social relationship among the worker at the work place.
Illumination Experiment Electricity

6.  Under this experiment 6 female & telephone assembled & were put in a separate
room.
 Frequently change were made in their working, in spite of such changes in the
performance & productivity was increasing.
 Thus, this experiment suggest that socio-physiological factors are keys for higher
performance & productivity.
Relay Assembly Test Room Experiment

7.  Under this a huge mass of workers were interviewed in order to know their
perception on the working life.
 This theory primarily focuses on human relation rather than physical working
condition.
 This interview confirmed that the importance of informal relation helps in
satisfying personal & social satisfaction to workers & influence their behavior in
order to provide higher output.
Mass Interview Program

8.  Under this experiment 14 male workers were found in a small group & were duly
observed by the superior.
 The main purpose of the experiment was to know the effect of social relationship
in a work group.
 This experiment concluded that employee would work hard. If they believe that
management are concerned about their welfare & if superior paid attention &
care to them.
 According to this experiment employees are guided more by group product
norms.
Bank wire room observation experiment

9.  The Hawthorne studies have had a remarkable impact on management in
organizations & how workers react to various situations.
 The research carried out at the Western Electrics Hawthorne plant during the
1920’s & earl 1930’s helped to initiate a whole new approach to human behavior
studies.
 The final result was “he organization of teamwork-that is, of sustained
cooperation leads to success.
Conclusion

10.  Productivity increases when workers believe that they are being observed closely.
 Employees perform better when managers & co-workers make them feel valued.
 Financial rewards are not necessarily conductive to increasing worker productivity.
 Workers are about self-fulfillment, autonomy, empowerment, social status &
personal relationships with co-workers.
Hawthorne Effect

11. Thank You
Prepared By: Raj