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A
Presentation
on
Motivation
Types of Motivation
and
Theories of Motivation
Presented By-
Priyanka Nain
Institute of Teacher Training
&
Research (B.P.S.M.V.)
• Look at these pictures and think…
Psychology: Motivation,Types of Motivation & Theories of Motivation
Psychology: Motivation,Types of Motivation & Theories of Motivation
The student is
studying hard
during exams.
The boy is learning
to cycle even after
getting injured.
The bird is
putting efforts
to make its nest.
All just because of
MOTIVATION
• We put efforts because we are
motivated to learn
• Two categories of motives
Primary Motives:
Motives which are linked with basic
primary needs and associated with
biological well being of an individual.
Needs that come under this category:
 Need for food,water and oxygen.
 Needs that are fundamental for
survival
Need to take rest when tired
Need for being active when rested
Need for regular elimination of waste
products from our body
 Need for satisfaction of sexual urge
Secondary Motives:
Motives linked with one’s socoi-
psychological needs are known as
secondary or psychological
motives.
Needs that come under this
category:
 Need for freedom
 Need for security
 Need to achieve
 Need for recognition
 Need for companionship
 Need for self assertion
 Need for self actualization
The Motivational Cycle
Tension
Achievement
Of
Goal
Need
Activity
Motivated
Behaviour
Reduction
Of
Tension
Satisfaction
Or
Relief
Types of Motivation
Natural/Intrins
ic Motivation
Linked with
natural instincts
Derives pleasure
within the
learning
Artificial/Extrins
ic Motivation
No functional
relationship to
the task
Source of
pleasure does
not lie within
the task
Goal l is just
pleasure
For instance-
I enjoy reading
poetry, so it gives
me pleasure and
in this way I am
naturally
motivated to read
it.
Goal is not
pleasure rather
external rewards
For instance-
I am doing B.Ed so
that I can appear
in HTET/CTET
exams, It does
not give me
pleasure, so I am
not naturally
motivated. It is a
means of
attaining desired
goal.
Theories of Motivation
McClelland's Theory
of Needs
o An individual's specific needs
are acquired over time and are
shaped by one's life experiences
o Most of these needs can be
classified as
 Achievement
 Affiliation
 Power
o McClelland's theory sometimes
is also referred as the three
needs theory or as the learned
needs theory.
Achievement
o People with a high need for
achievement (nAch) seek to
excel and tend to avoid both
low-risk and high-risk
situations.
Achievers avoid low-risk situations
because the easily attained success is not
a genuine achievement.
Achievers avoid high-risk situations because
they see the outcome as one of chance
rather than one's own effort.
o High nAch individuals prefer work
that has a moderate probability of
success, ideally a 50% chance.
o Achievers need regular feedback in
order to monitor the progress of their
achievements.
o They prefer either to work alone or
with other high achievers.
Affiliation
• Those with a high need for
affiliation (nAff) need
harmonious relationships with
other people and need to feel
accepted by other people.
• They tend to conform to the
norms of their work group.
• High nAff individuals prefer
work that provides significant
personal interaction.
• They perform well in customer
Power
• A person's need for power (nPow)
can be one of two types: -personal
-institutional.
• Those who need personal power
want to direct others, and this need
often is perceived as undesirable.
• Persons who need institutional
power (also known as social power)
want to organize the efforts of
others to further the goals of the
organization.
Maslow’s Theory of Self
Actualization
Abraham Maslow in 1954 stated
that human needs tend to
arrange themselves in
hierarchies of prepotency.
o Appearance of one need
depends on the satisfaction of
the other.
o The physiological needs
necessary for survival are at the
o A need that has been satisfied
is no longer a need.
o Behaviour of a person is always
dominated not by his satisfied
needs but by his unsatisfied
wants, desires and needs.
Self
actualization
Self esteem
needs
(competence,
approval,
adequacy etc.
Belongingness and love needs
(affiliation, acceptance,
affection etc.)
Safety Needs
(Security, psychological safety etc.)
Physiological Needs
(Food, drink, rest, sleep etc.)
Psychology: Motivation,Types of Motivation & Theories of Motivation

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Psychology: Motivation,Types of Motivation & Theories of Motivation

  • 1. A Presentation on Motivation Types of Motivation and Theories of Motivation Presented By- Priyanka Nain Institute of Teacher Training & Research (B.P.S.M.V.)
  • 2. • Look at these pictures and think…
  • 5. The student is studying hard during exams. The boy is learning to cycle even after getting injured. The bird is putting efforts to make its nest. All just because of MOTIVATION
  • 6. • We put efforts because we are motivated to learn
  • 7. • Two categories of motives Primary Motives: Motives which are linked with basic primary needs and associated with biological well being of an individual. Needs that come under this category:  Need for food,water and oxygen.  Needs that are fundamental for survival Need to take rest when tired Need for being active when rested Need for regular elimination of waste products from our body
  • 8.  Need for satisfaction of sexual urge Secondary Motives: Motives linked with one’s socoi- psychological needs are known as secondary or psychological motives. Needs that come under this category:  Need for freedom  Need for security  Need to achieve
  • 9.  Need for recognition  Need for companionship  Need for self assertion  Need for self actualization
  • 11. Types of Motivation Natural/Intrins ic Motivation Linked with natural instincts Derives pleasure within the learning Artificial/Extrins ic Motivation No functional relationship to the task Source of pleasure does not lie within the task
  • 12. Goal l is just pleasure For instance- I enjoy reading poetry, so it gives me pleasure and in this way I am naturally motivated to read it. Goal is not pleasure rather external rewards For instance- I am doing B.Ed so that I can appear in HTET/CTET exams, It does not give me pleasure, so I am not naturally motivated. It is a means of attaining desired goal.
  • 13. Theories of Motivation McClelland's Theory of Needs o An individual's specific needs are acquired over time and are shaped by one's life experiences o Most of these needs can be classified as  Achievement  Affiliation  Power
  • 14. o McClelland's theory sometimes is also referred as the three needs theory or as the learned needs theory. Achievement o People with a high need for achievement (nAch) seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations. Achievers avoid low-risk situations because the easily attained success is not a genuine achievement.
  • 15. Achievers avoid high-risk situations because they see the outcome as one of chance rather than one's own effort. o High nAch individuals prefer work that has a moderate probability of success, ideally a 50% chance. o Achievers need regular feedback in order to monitor the progress of their achievements. o They prefer either to work alone or with other high achievers.
  • 16. Affiliation • Those with a high need for affiliation (nAff) need harmonious relationships with other people and need to feel accepted by other people. • They tend to conform to the norms of their work group. • High nAff individuals prefer work that provides significant personal interaction. • They perform well in customer
  • 17. Power • A person's need for power (nPow) can be one of two types: -personal -institutional. • Those who need personal power want to direct others, and this need often is perceived as undesirable. • Persons who need institutional power (also known as social power) want to organize the efforts of others to further the goals of the organization.
  • 18. Maslow’s Theory of Self Actualization Abraham Maslow in 1954 stated that human needs tend to arrange themselves in hierarchies of prepotency. o Appearance of one need depends on the satisfaction of the other. o The physiological needs necessary for survival are at the
  • 19. o A need that has been satisfied is no longer a need. o Behaviour of a person is always dominated not by his satisfied needs but by his unsatisfied wants, desires and needs.
  • 20. Self actualization Self esteem needs (competence, approval, adequacy etc. Belongingness and love needs (affiliation, acceptance, affection etc.) Safety Needs (Security, psychological safety etc.) Physiological Needs (Food, drink, rest, sleep etc.)