XII-ECO

1. DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE OF INDIA,PAKISTAN
AND CHINA-A COMAPARATIVE CASE
STUDY(PART-2)
PRESENTED BY:
PRIYANKA LUHANA

2. Dear Students,
• In previous assignment we had discussed
regarding development strategies of India,
China & Pakistan.
• In this assignment ,we are going to discuss
about GDP growth story, Structure of growth
,Human Development & Demographic Profile
of all three nations.
• Before that you are requested to thoroughly
go for the previous assignment.

3. COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF THE
ECONOMIES OF INDIA,CHINA AND PAKISTAN
• Comparative performance of the economies
of India, China & Pakistan is studied with
reference to the following parameters :
GDP growth
Structure of growth
Demographic profile
Human development

4. (1)GDP Growth
• Following discussion offers a brief description
of the growth story of China, India & Pakistan:
Growth story of China
GDP growth in the
early 1980’s
• The jump has
indeed very
substantial i.e.
from 4% p.a to
10% p.a.
Between 1979-
2015
• GDP growth rate
was expected
10% p.a but it
reached its peak
of 15.2%.
GDP growth in
recent past(16-19)
• However, in
recent past GDP
growth rate has
slowed down.

5. Growth story of India
• Growth story of India is explained in terms of
following observations:
• Indian economy, achieved an
annual growth rate of 5.9%.
Between the
years 1951-
1990
• Due to adoption of LPG ,it had
increased to around 7% p.a.After 1991
• Slowdown in GDP growth rate
due to scams and scandals
,drought of FDI etc.
GDP growth
rate in recent
past

6. Growth story of Pakistan
• Following observations highlight the growth
story of Pakistan:
• Pakistan economy recorded
an average annual growth
rate of 4.14%.
Between
1960-2017
• Pakistan economy has
almost sunk into “low
income-low growth" trap.
Consequence
of slow GDP
growth rate

7. Conclusive points regarding GDP
growth story
• China has outpaced both India & Pakistan with
regard to GDP growth.
• India has performed better than Pakistan. But
compared with China is way behind.
• The success of China is an eye-opener for
most developing nations of the world.
• The relative success of China is credited to
political stability in China.

8. (2)Structure of Growth
• The following table sums up the experience of India, Pakistan and China in this
respect. The table is based on the data-set for the year 2016 or close to it:
Structure of growth
Sector
India Pakistan China India Pakistan China
Primary 15.4 24.4 7.9 47 42.3 27.7
Secondary 23.1 19.1 40.5 22 22.6 28.8
Tertiary 61.5 56.5 51.6 31 35.1 43.5
Percentage share in GDP
Percentage share in
employment

9. (3) Demographic Profile
• The following table presents some critical indicators of the
demographic profile of India, China & Pakistan:
Selected Demographic Indicators,2011
Country Estimated
population(in
million)
Annual growth
of population
(2001-2011)
Density
(per sq. km)
Sex Ratio
(number of
women per
thousand men)
Urbanization
India 1210 1.76 382 940 31.2
China 1339 0.47 143 950 51.3
Pakistan 176.2 1.8 225 952 37.2
Source: Census 2011,HDR 2012 and
World Bank

10. (4) Human Development
• Some important indicators of human
development are:
Life expectancy
Adult literacy rate
Percentage of population below poverty line.
Infant mortality rate
Maternity mortality rate

11. HDI(Human Development Index)
• Based on these indicators ,a composite index is
constructed, called HDI.
• Higher value of HDI points to a higher rank and a
higher level of growth and development for a
country.
• As per annual HDI 2019 report, released on
December 9,2019 India ranked at 129th position,
Pakistan at 152nd position & China at 85th
position out of 189 countries and territories.

12. CONCLUSION
• In all the respects, India remained far behind.
As a matter of fact ,India has been providing
protection to labour-intensive segments of the
economy.
• It is owing to this factors that China has
emerged as 2nd largest economy in the world,
while India is lagging way behind.