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Predicate | Our Capabilities: The Predicate Approach to Content Strategy
Capabilities       AND
                   CONTENT STRATEGY
                   PRIMER
Jeffrey MacIntyre        v8.0
Predicate, LLC
Introductions

I’m an independent content strategist in
NYC. My background: editorial
and management consulting.
      ‣ Jeff MacIntyre, Principal
         @jeffmacintyre
(Publishing is Pivotal)

‣   Everything I know
    about content
    strategy I learned
    from being a web
    editor.
(We’re All
Management
Consultants Now)

Will you still respect us?


                             Credit: Kunstverein, ffffound!
Predicate ...

‣   Works independently and directs
    project teams with clients;
‣   Partners with agencies; and
‣   Advises organizations on growing CS
    capabilities internally.
My Year of Content Strategy, 2008
Napkin    Knol     Notes on Content




From body of knowledge to methodology.
The



Rise
of CONTENT STRATEGY
Remember the Good Old Days?
“Tragedy = comedy + time”
      Woody Allen
How the Content Strategist
Still Sees (a Lot of) the Web.
“Design
without
content is
decoration.”

Jeffrey
Zeldman
Louis Rosenfeld:
Kill Redesign
‣   “Redesign must die”
‣   “Every large website
    is a complex           Credit: “Redesign Must Die “, louisrosenfeld.com


    adaptive system.”
The
Rationale
for
  CONTENT STRATEGY
“Kill the ‘content
phase’ and help
the web grow up.”

--Margot Bloomstein,
Appropriate Inc.
Why? Part I
A generation into
the web, we still
don’t do content
right.
It’s our open secret.
And it shows.           Credit: Blogger.com circa 1999
Why? Part II

Old problems. No ownership or expertise.
CMS. Archive. Postlaunch erosion. Lack of
standards.
New problems. Deeper and wider
inventories. Richer offerings. Revenue
models. SEO. Social. Multichannel. Partners.
UGC. Technologies galore.
Introducing Content Strategy

‣   What? Product
    development for content.

‣   How? CSes, like product
    developers, sit between
    “product” and “plumbing”.
Big Need,
Few Practitioners

RFPs are requiring it.

But content strategists are only ~1% of UX
community.
                         Courtesy A List Apart Web Design Survey 2009.
The CONTENT STRATEGY
Body of
Knowledge
Getting Oriented:
CS is Multidisciplinary
                            Credit: Richard Ingram


At minimum, it’s adjacent
to interaction design,
development,
copywriting, information
architecture, business
analysis and content
management.
Getting Oriented:
CS is a Lifecycle
“Content Strategy plans for the
creation, publication, and
governance of useful, usable content.”
--Kristina Halvorson
“If information architecture is the spatial design of
information, I see content strategy as the temporal side
of that same coin.” --Louis Rosenfeld
Old Testament
 ‣   The web is a publishing medium.
 ‣   Content is integral (to experience).
 ‣   Content producers = de facto publishers.
 ‣   To users, the web is awash in content.
     Site owners feel the floodwaters, too.
 So, sink or swim. Filter or be flooded.
New Testament


‣   Why? Because
    publishing is hard.                 Credit: Jessica Hagy



    Consider the masthead.
‣   Curation is king. The filter on the firehose
    as an editorial function.
“The Day 2 Problem”
Postlaunch is a
project phase.
Nothing shines a light on the good
faith agreement between client and
consultant than thoughtful aftercare.

Editorial strategy is about caring for
content after launch day.                Credit: Flickr Commons
“[G]etting better at
publishing is the only way
you’re going to get better at
content.”          Gerry McGovern
                     Content Critical
“Content strategy is
 about publishing.”
    Erin Kissane,
     incisive.nu
Your website
isn’t a magazine.
But it should be.
Scoping
A
CONTENT STRATEGY
Start Simply:
Cover the Bases

‣   Product
‣   Platform
‣   People
A Simple Content
Strategy Philosophy

‣   Product (content)
‣   Platform (publishing)
‣   People (organization)
Our Methodology

 1. Audit          2. Plan        3. Build       4. Grow
                    content         content       editorial
 content audit
                    strategy      specification    calendar
   content
                 migration plan    copy deck     style guide
  inventory
                   metadata                        content
 gap analysis
                   schema                        development
The Tool Kit of
a Content Strategy
Our Methodology

 1. Audit
 content audit   Discovery and diagnostics
   content           to effectively scope
  inventory        for a content strategy.
 gap analysis
Content Audit

‣   What: Qualitative analysis of existing offering.
‣   Why: Sets early direction.
‣   How: Like a creative brief, it begins to indicate
    your position on the offering--its constraints
    and potential.
‣   FYI: Your best scope tool. You can already be
    prioritizing your recommendations here.
Content Inventory
‣   What: Detailed quantitative analysis of existing
    offering, AKA the ultimate discovery and
    budgeting tool.
‣   How: Be as exhaustive as resources allow.
‣   Why: Comprehensive understanding of offering’s
    potential. Sift gems from trash. Let the data do the
    talking. Pivot tables are great insurance for later.
‣   FYI: Don’t do manually. Use SiteOrbiter or DIY
    crawlers to index.
Gap/Competitive Analysis
‣   What: Highly targeted competitive analysis of
    specific digital properties or products/services.
‣   Why: It enables close study of brand/market
    competitors. Good for scope.
‣   How: Like a spreadsheet version of an audit. Can be
    very difficult to gather competitor data.
‣   FYI: Start studying veritcals of interest. These are
    rare today but will become commonplace as content
    strategy benchmarking grows.
Our Methodology

  2. Plan
   content
   strategy          Strategy development:
migration plan   the heart of a content strategy.
  metadata
  schema
Content Strategy
                                              !




‣   What: The strategies and tactics to
    realize a new content offering at launch
    and beyond.
‣   How: Think “product strategy.” Develop
    lifecycles for every content type.
    From objectives to operations.
‣   Why: The indisputable
    centerpiece of any content
    strategy. Establishes terms of success.
Migration Plan
‣   What: A “plan for a plan.” A strategic
    framework and guidelines for migration.
    Rarely a workplan.
‣   Why: Scope! Schedule! Budget! Iceberg!
‣   How: Use your inventory and apply mix
    of bulk and manual workflows.
‣   FYI: David Hobbs’ Migration Handbook
    (http://migrationhandbook.com/).
Metadata Schema
‣   What: A technical plan for
    supporting project objectives with
    metadata.
‣   Why: Because technical resources
    overlook nuances of the content
    requirements. And you’re the expert.
‣   How: Specify key content attributes + relationships.
‣   FYI: Critical to any dynamic content experience.
Our Methodology

 3. Build
   content
 specification   Detailed implementation,
  copy deck      technical development
                    and integration.
Content Specification
‣   What: An index of all content
    elements and their editorial and
    technical function.
‣   How: Cousin document to the
    Copy Deck. Map content reqs
    from wireframes and sitemap.
‣   FYI: Also a production plan to
    line-item associated at-launch
    inventory of content required by
    this doc.
Copy Deck
‣   What: Documents all
    user-facing content
    requirements.
‣   Why: Self explanatory
    (messaging strategy).
‣   How: Smartly sequenced.
‣   FYI: The standard issue
    web writing deliverable.
Our Methodology

 4. Grow
  editorial
  calendar      Editorial product development
 style guide   and postlaunch content delivery.
   content
 development
Editorial Calendar
‣   What: All content activities                   (e.g.,
    production and curation)
    documented and scheduled.                               !




‣   Potential: The CMS of CS! A dashboard tool for
    planning, trafficking and measuring editorial flow.
    Great for generating metrics.
‣   How: Think web databases, forms, spreadsheets.
‣   FYI: A “Basecamp for editorial calendars” is
    inevitable. (dlvr.it: a social curation approach?)
Style Guide
‣   What: Editorial conventions
    documented.
‣   Potential: Detailed production
    guide for all content modules,
    intended for owners/authors.
‣   Why: Because your metadata
    strategy is nothing without
    execution. Governance is real here.
‣   FYI: Entirely unmerited bad rap.
    Not a “writers’ thing.” Think training!
Content Development                                   Credit: Webbmedia Group




‣   What: Actual content
    production, limited time or
    ongoing.
‣   Why: If you do traditional
    editorial or branded content,
    you live here.
‣   FYI: Tread carefully. Content production is expensive,
    but it’s an easy mistake. (UGC might be cheap, but glut is
    glut.) ROI is tricky but key, requires an editorial strategy.
Content Strategy FYI


‣   CS, the Knol
‣   CS, the Google Group
‣   #contentstrategy on Twitter
‣   @jeffmacintyre and @PredicateLLC
Cui Bono?
The Big Idea: Ubiquitous Publishing




  Credit: Denis Pelli & Charles Bigelow, seedmagazine.com.
Questions?




predicate-llc.com
            Additional imagery courtesy Flickr Commons.
Predicate | Our Capabilities: The Predicate Approach to Content Strategy
Appendix:
The Payoff
of Content Strategy
What’s In It for You?
Content strategy is meaningful when...
 ‣ The potential of your deliverables is marred
    by poor execution, inconsistency & inaction
 ‣ New tools require process & org. change
 ‣ Measurement matters
 ‣ You need the big picture
 ‣ Governance & standards are incomplete
 ‣ It’s time to tune, not redesign
Where It Will Take You

Instilling a new postlaunch pride:
  ‣ bolder measures of success
  ‣ enduring results for your clientele;
     lasting influence for your vision
  ‣ vanguard case studies

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Predicate | Our Capabilities: The Predicate Approach to Content Strategy

  • 2. Capabilities AND CONTENT STRATEGY PRIMER Jeffrey MacIntyre v8.0 Predicate, LLC
  • 3. Introductions I’m an independent content strategist in NYC. My background: editorial and management consulting. ‣ Jeff MacIntyre, Principal @jeffmacintyre
  • 4. (Publishing is Pivotal) ‣ Everything I know about content strategy I learned from being a web editor.
  • 5. (We’re All Management Consultants Now) Will you still respect us? Credit: Kunstverein, ffffound!
  • 6. Predicate ... ‣ Works independently and directs project teams with clients; ‣ Partners with agencies; and ‣ Advises organizations on growing CS capabilities internally.
  • 7. My Year of Content Strategy, 2008
  • 8. Napkin Knol Notes on Content From body of knowledge to methodology.
  • 10. Remember the Good Old Days?
  • 11. “Tragedy = comedy + time” Woody Allen
  • 12. How the Content Strategist Still Sees (a Lot of) the Web.
  • 14. Louis Rosenfeld: Kill Redesign ‣ “Redesign must die” ‣ “Every large website is a complex Credit: “Redesign Must Die “, louisrosenfeld.com adaptive system.”
  • 16. “Kill the ‘content phase’ and help the web grow up.” --Margot Bloomstein, Appropriate Inc.
  • 17. Why? Part I A generation into the web, we still don’t do content right. It’s our open secret. And it shows. Credit: Blogger.com circa 1999
  • 18. Why? Part II Old problems. No ownership or expertise. CMS. Archive. Postlaunch erosion. Lack of standards. New problems. Deeper and wider inventories. Richer offerings. Revenue models. SEO. Social. Multichannel. Partners. UGC. Technologies galore.
  • 19. Introducing Content Strategy ‣ What? Product development for content. ‣ How? CSes, like product developers, sit between “product” and “plumbing”.
  • 20. Big Need, Few Practitioners RFPs are requiring it. But content strategists are only ~1% of UX community. Courtesy A List Apart Web Design Survey 2009.
  • 22. Getting Oriented: CS is Multidisciplinary Credit: Richard Ingram At minimum, it’s adjacent to interaction design, development, copywriting, information architecture, business analysis and content management.
  • 23. Getting Oriented: CS is a Lifecycle “Content Strategy plans for the creation, publication, and governance of useful, usable content.” --Kristina Halvorson “If information architecture is the spatial design of information, I see content strategy as the temporal side of that same coin.” --Louis Rosenfeld
  • 24. Old Testament ‣ The web is a publishing medium. ‣ Content is integral (to experience). ‣ Content producers = de facto publishers. ‣ To users, the web is awash in content. Site owners feel the floodwaters, too. So, sink or swim. Filter or be flooded.
  • 25. New Testament ‣ Why? Because publishing is hard. Credit: Jessica Hagy Consider the masthead. ‣ Curation is king. The filter on the firehose as an editorial function.
  • 26. “The Day 2 Problem” Postlaunch is a project phase. Nothing shines a light on the good faith agreement between client and consultant than thoughtful aftercare. Editorial strategy is about caring for content after launch day. Credit: Flickr Commons
  • 27. “[G]etting better at publishing is the only way you’re going to get better at content.” Gerry McGovern Content Critical
  • 28. “Content strategy is about publishing.” Erin Kissane, incisive.nu
  • 29. Your website isn’t a magazine. But it should be.
  • 31. Start Simply: Cover the Bases ‣ Product ‣ Platform ‣ People
  • 32. A Simple Content Strategy Philosophy ‣ Product (content) ‣ Platform (publishing) ‣ People (organization)
  • 33. Our Methodology 1. Audit 2. Plan 3. Build 4. Grow content content editorial content audit strategy specification calendar content migration plan copy deck style guide inventory metadata content gap analysis schema development
  • 34. The Tool Kit of a Content Strategy
  • 35. Our Methodology 1. Audit content audit Discovery and diagnostics content to effectively scope inventory for a content strategy. gap analysis
  • 36. Content Audit ‣ What: Qualitative analysis of existing offering. ‣ Why: Sets early direction. ‣ How: Like a creative brief, it begins to indicate your position on the offering--its constraints and potential. ‣ FYI: Your best scope tool. You can already be prioritizing your recommendations here.
  • 37. Content Inventory ‣ What: Detailed quantitative analysis of existing offering, AKA the ultimate discovery and budgeting tool. ‣ How: Be as exhaustive as resources allow. ‣ Why: Comprehensive understanding of offering’s potential. Sift gems from trash. Let the data do the talking. Pivot tables are great insurance for later. ‣ FYI: Don’t do manually. Use SiteOrbiter or DIY crawlers to index.
  • 38. Gap/Competitive Analysis ‣ What: Highly targeted competitive analysis of specific digital properties or products/services. ‣ Why: It enables close study of brand/market competitors. Good for scope. ‣ How: Like a spreadsheet version of an audit. Can be very difficult to gather competitor data. ‣ FYI: Start studying veritcals of interest. These are rare today but will become commonplace as content strategy benchmarking grows.
  • 39. Our Methodology 2. Plan content strategy Strategy development: migration plan the heart of a content strategy. metadata schema
  • 40. Content Strategy ! ‣ What: The strategies and tactics to realize a new content offering at launch and beyond. ‣ How: Think “product strategy.” Develop lifecycles for every content type. From objectives to operations. ‣ Why: The indisputable centerpiece of any content strategy. Establishes terms of success.
  • 41. Migration Plan ‣ What: A “plan for a plan.” A strategic framework and guidelines for migration. Rarely a workplan. ‣ Why: Scope! Schedule! Budget! Iceberg! ‣ How: Use your inventory and apply mix of bulk and manual workflows. ‣ FYI: David Hobbs’ Migration Handbook (http://migrationhandbook.com/).
  • 42. Metadata Schema ‣ What: A technical plan for supporting project objectives with metadata. ‣ Why: Because technical resources overlook nuances of the content requirements. And you’re the expert. ‣ How: Specify key content attributes + relationships. ‣ FYI: Critical to any dynamic content experience.
  • 43. Our Methodology 3. Build content specification Detailed implementation, copy deck technical development and integration.
  • 44. Content Specification ‣ What: An index of all content elements and their editorial and technical function. ‣ How: Cousin document to the Copy Deck. Map content reqs from wireframes and sitemap. ‣ FYI: Also a production plan to line-item associated at-launch inventory of content required by this doc.
  • 45. Copy Deck ‣ What: Documents all user-facing content requirements. ‣ Why: Self explanatory (messaging strategy). ‣ How: Smartly sequenced. ‣ FYI: The standard issue web writing deliverable.
  • 46. Our Methodology 4. Grow editorial calendar Editorial product development style guide and postlaunch content delivery. content development
  • 47. Editorial Calendar ‣ What: All content activities (e.g., production and curation) documented and scheduled. ! ‣ Potential: The CMS of CS! A dashboard tool for planning, trafficking and measuring editorial flow. Great for generating metrics. ‣ How: Think web databases, forms, spreadsheets. ‣ FYI: A “Basecamp for editorial calendars” is inevitable. (dlvr.it: a social curation approach?)
  • 48. Style Guide ‣ What: Editorial conventions documented. ‣ Potential: Detailed production guide for all content modules, intended for owners/authors. ‣ Why: Because your metadata strategy is nothing without execution. Governance is real here. ‣ FYI: Entirely unmerited bad rap. Not a “writers’ thing.” Think training!
  • 49. Content Development Credit: Webbmedia Group ‣ What: Actual content production, limited time or ongoing. ‣ Why: If you do traditional editorial or branded content, you live here. ‣ FYI: Tread carefully. Content production is expensive, but it’s an easy mistake. (UGC might be cheap, but glut is glut.) ROI is tricky but key, requires an editorial strategy.
  • 50. Content Strategy FYI ‣ CS, the Knol ‣ CS, the Google Group ‣ #contentstrategy on Twitter ‣ @jeffmacintyre and @PredicateLLC
  • 52. The Big Idea: Ubiquitous Publishing Credit: Denis Pelli & Charles Bigelow, seedmagazine.com.
  • 53. Questions? predicate-llc.com Additional imagery courtesy Flickr Commons.
  • 56. What’s In It for You? Content strategy is meaningful when... ‣ The potential of your deliverables is marred by poor execution, inconsistency & inaction ‣ New tools require process & org. change ‣ Measurement matters ‣ You need the big picture ‣ Governance & standards are incomplete ‣ It’s time to tune, not redesign
  • 57. Where It Will Take You Instilling a new postlaunch pride: ‣ bolder measures of success ‣ enduring results for your clientele; lasting influence for your vision ‣ vanguard case studies