Waterproofing describes making an object waterproof or water-resistant. Building water-proofing is a process which is designed to prevent water from penetrating a building.  Usually extensive waterproofing measures are added to a building at the time of construction, to provide moisture control from the start Waterproofing may also be done after a building is built, to address problems as they emerge or as part of a building retrofit Internal areas that are waterproofed include : bathrooms,  shower recesses,  laundries  toilets. 

1. WATER PROOFING COMPOUND
PRESENTED BY
 BINDRESH KR. SAHANI
PURVANCHAL INSTITUE OF ARCHITECTURE ANDDESIGN
SUBMITTED TO
 AR. MIRZA ASIM BEG

3.  Waterproofing describes making an object waterproof or
water-resistant.
 Building water-proofing is a process which is designed to
prevent water from penetrating a building.
 Usually extensive waterproofing measures are added to a
building at the time of construction, to provide moisture
control from the start
 Waterproofing may also be done after a building is built, to
address problems as they emerge or as part of a building
retrofit
 Internal areas that are waterproofed include :
 bathrooms,
 shower recesses,
 laundries
 toilets.
Garage floor coating with
polyurathane
Coating with asphalt

4.  External area waterproofed
extends to:
 roofs,
 planter boxes,
 podiums,balconies,
 retaining walls
 swimming pools.
 Basic waterproofing and envelope design
incorporates 3 steps to ensure a watertight
and environmentally sound interior :
 1. Understanding water sources likely to be
encountered
 2. Designing systems to prevent leakage from
these sources.
 3. Finalizing the design by properly detailing
each individual envelope component into
adjacent components.
Retaing wall coated
with Asphalt
EDPM MEMBRANE coating at roof top

6.  Water in any of its forms must be present.
 Water must be moved along by some type of force, including wind,
gravity for above-structure and hydrostatic pressure or capillary action
for below-structure.
 Finally and the most important, there must be a breach (hole, brake, or
some type of opening) in the envelope to facilitate the entry of water
into the protected spaces
 Available water is moved into the interior of a structure by numerous
forces that include:
 Natural gravity
 Surface tension
 Wind/Air currents
 Capillary action
 Hydrostatic pressure

8. • These are the various materials
that used for water proofing .
• These compounds are available
in the form of sheet , tape ,
liquid compounds , etc.
THE VARIOUS WATER
PROOFING COMPOUNDS ARE
:- Neoprene
• Butyl
• E.P.D.M.
• P.V.C.
• Polyurethane

9.  1. It should be impervious.
 2. It should be strong and durable be capable of withstanding both dead
aswell as live loads without damage.
 3. It should be dimensionally stable.
 4. It should be free from deliquescent salts like sulphates, chlorides and
nitrates.

10. DEFINITION
NEOPRENE

11.  IT COMES IN ROLL IN WHICH BREADTH
IS FIXED AND LENGTH CAN UPTO 50
FEET
 SIZES CAN VARY ACCORDING TO USER
REQUIREMENT
 COST OF NEOPRENE SHEET IS 250-
400 RS PER METER
 OR CAN BE ACCORDING TO THE
WEIGHT OF SHEET 200-300 RS PER
KILOGRAM

12. • EASILY AVAILABLE
• RESIST DIFFERENT
ELEMENTS
• INSTALLATION IS EASY
• EQUALLY EFFECTIVE IN
OUTDOOR CONDITIONS
• AVAILABLE IN DIFFERENT
COLOURS
• IRRESISTABLE TO STRONG HEAT.
• GETS FADE AFTER TIME.
• ODOUR AN ISSUE IN PRODUCTS.
• CAN BE USED UPTO TEMPERATURE
FROM -20 C TO 110C.
DISADVANTAGES OF NEOPRENE

13.  Isobutylene was discovered by Michael Faraday in
1825.
 It was later developed into butyl rubber in 1937, by
researchers William J. Sparks and Robert M.
Thomas.
 Today, the majority of the global supply of butyl
rubber is produced by just two companies,
1. ExxonMobil
2. Polymer Corporation
 Availability in form of:
1. Tape
2. Butynol waterproofing membrane

14. PREPARATION FOR
TAPPING
THE JOINTS
TAPPING
CLEANING AN D FINISHING

15. SPRAY OF
ADHESIVE ON
MEMBRANE
SPRAY OF
ADHESIVE
ON ROOF
JOINING
FINISHEED ROOF

16.  Perma Waterproofing Butyl Tape
Is Resistant To Hot And Cold
Temperature. It With Stands
90°c Without Yielding .
 Perma Waterproofing Butyl Tape
Is Totally Waterproofing.
 It Has Good Adhesion To All
Types Of Surface And Can Be
Planted Over.
covering the insulated air conditioning ducts
covering all cracks, construction joints, bends and
corners
sealing all joints in timber
Sporting equipment
Gas masks and chemical agent protection
covering of all cutouts and pipe joints
Tires
APPLICATIONS

17. E.P.D.M. (ethylene propylene diene monomer)
is a synthetic terpolymer which has a wide
range of applications.
E.P.D.M. membrane is a lightweight , durable
and weatherproof water proofing membrane .
It has an exceptional elasticity and will not
split or crack under normal building
movement .
E.P.D.M. exhibits satisfactory protection from
heat , water , alkalis , acids , oils , weather
protection , electrical protection , etc.
(ETHYLE PROPYLENE DIENE MONOMER)

18. ITEMS REQUIRED :-
E.P.D.M. membrane
Bonding adhesive
Roller
Knife or scissor
Push broom
Gloves and protections

19. Make sure that the surface is clean and dry .
Unfold the membrane
Allow membrane to relax for 30 minutes to remove
wrinkles .
Open bonding adhesive ( voc based , volatile
organic compound or solvent based) and stir until
colour is uniform .
Apply adhesive to the exposed deck and to the back
of the membrane .
Allow adhesive to dry until it is tacky .
Roll the adhesive coated membrane back onto the
deck where adhesive has also been applied .
Work slowly and evenly to reduce wrinkles .
Use a push broom to sweep over the membrane .
Repeat this procedure until all the membrane is
secure .

20. 1.1 MM THICK 1.5 MM THICK
LENGTH WIDTH
10’ 25’
10’ 50’
10’ 100’
20’ 100’
30’ 100’
LENGTH WIDTH
10’ 25’
10’ 50’
10’ 100’
20’ 100’
30’ 100’
Coloured
E.P.D.M.

21. Quick and easy to install .
Extremely flexible .
Excellent water resistance .
Contain no dangerous substance
.
Superior elongation .
Highly resistance to tearing and
impact .
Versatile , last for 40 years and
more .
Works at low temperature of -
50◦C and maximum of 150◦C
Low maintenance
E.P.D.M. comes mainly in a black roll , which
easily absorbs heat and can lead to
superheating of the structure below .
It comes in light colour also , to help reflect
heat in summer climate , but this adds about
30% more to the cost of the material per
square foot .
If a workman wearing the wrong type of
boot could tear a hole in the roof covering
membrane i.e. E.P.D.M.
DISADVANTAGES

22. Basements
Ponds
Sloping and
slabs(roof)
Water reservoirs
Swimming pool
SWIMMING POOL
BASEMENT
WATER RESERVIOR
ROOF
POND

23. PVC (PolyVinyl Chloride)
• PVC waterproofing membrane is a modern
roofing material, which is made of high quality
flexible (plasticized) polyvinylchloride.
• Manufacturers of PVC membranes offer
diverse width and length of the material.
• The width of the material ranges from 3 to 7
ft.
• The rolls can be between 60 and 75 ft in
length. The thickness of the PVC membrane
is 48mil, 60mil, 72mil & 80mil.

24. Features of PVC membrane
• PVC membrane is used mainly for waterproofing of buildings and roofs.
• Since this material is quite easy to install, strong enough (is of great
tensile strength), has long service life,
• Due to its structure, the PVC membrane is
very strong and simultaneously flexible
material which is resistant to
precipitation, ultra-violet radiation,
capable to withstand heavy surface and
tensile loads
• PVC waterproofing membrane can serve
for almost fifty years without losing its
reliability and positive characteristics.

26. Advantages of PVC
• strength
• elasticity and tightness
• strength of the welds (at the junction of sheets)
• atmosphere and chemical resistance
• vapor permeability at 100% water resistance
• resistance to wind loads
• frost-proof
• resistance to the movements of structural elements of buildings
• resistance to oxidation and UV rays
• high durability
• fire resistant
• diversity of colors

27.  a synthetic resin in which the
polymer units are linked by
urethane groups, used chiefly
as constituents of paints,
varnishes, adhesives, and
foams.
Forms:
 1) liquid medium
 2) sheet
History

28.  Step 1 : Clean the surface thoroughly
and make it dust free.
 Step 2 : Wash the surface with water.
 Step 3 : Apply the first coat of Tuff &
Shine with brush or spray
 Recommended Usage :

 On primed concrete, PU & Epoxy Self
levelling floor.
 Top coat on any paint wall for long
lasting life.
 It is UV resistance and scratchproof
clear coat

29.  Its used for the flat roof area and exposed to
weathering.
 Polyurethane liquid membrane can offer higher
flexibility.
 Its very sensitive to moisture content present,
therefore before application, one has to be very
careful evaluating the moisture content of the
concrete slab, otherwise peeling or de-bonding of
membranes may happen after some time

30. • Water proofing makes up b/w 1%
and 2% of the total cost of the
construction .
• But accounts for upto 80% of the
complaints .
• The biggest cause of
waterproofing failure is
workmanship .
• Poor surface preparation .
• Adhesion Failure (due to moisture
content) .

31. • Adhesives used are highly flammable . Hence catch fire .
• So , keep away from fire , sparks , source of fire .
• Turn off electronic gadgets , stoves , heaters , until all vapors
dispersed .
• Do not smoke .
• Close container after use .
• Keep away from eyes and use chemical resistant gloves and glasses
.
• Read safety instructions on the product .

33.  After completion of the internal plastering of walls,
keep a margin of 450mm from the final floor level
of the bathroom. Roughening of the plaster should
be done with a wire brush for fixing the glazed tiles
cladding dado.
 Complete grooving, chiseling for concealed G.I and
electrical conduit piping in bathroom.
 Remove all debris from the bathroom after chiseling
the extra mortar, if any, to expose the slab
completely.
 Make the holes in the external walls for connecting
nahini trap to external drainage line and water
leakage drain pipe.
 Clean the bathroom thoroughly with water. Mark the
level in red on the walls, with respect to the floor
level, to set up the trap level.
Bathroom Water-proofing
Preparation of Bathroom water-proofing

34.  For basements, swimming pools and underground ducts such as lift pits,
the water-proofing has to withstand the water pressure in addition to its
basic stress.
Basement/Swimming pool and
underground duct water proofing
• Carry out the work of PCC bed and provide a cement mix 1:4 base coat with
water-proofing compound and above this fix rough shahabad tiles.
• Maintain the break joint pattern while fixing the tile for base.
• After fixing the tiles, grout the joints with cement slurry completely.
• Apply a jointless layer of cement mortar 1:3 25mm thick and cure it for 7
days.
• For basement, provision of gutter and sump is made in PCC itself and
shahabad base is also prepared in the same fashion. Gutter is given proper
slope towards the sump. This is done as a preventive measure against
occasional entry of rain water into basement.
• After curing, provide the final jointless water-proof plaster coat in cement
mortar 1:4 over the rough shahabad tiles.
Work procedure

35.  Fix in a slope of 1:150, starting from the lowest point of rainwater
down take and by keeping a minimum thickness of 65mm below
the rainwater outlet.
 Fix brick bats in cement mortar layer of 1:6 proportion in a slope of
1:150 with the water proofing compound.
Brick Bat Coba For Terrace

36.  Fill the cement mortar 1:4 with the brick bat joints.
 Fix small pieces of brick bats along with 20mm metal for coving of
watta(rounding) at the bottom of the parapet wall
 Special care should be taken for achieving the round shape near
the rain water pipe.
 Block the rain water outlet with gunny bags, to avoid cement slurry
from entering it.
 Cure the brick bat coba coat for at least seven days.

37. Details of glazed china mosaic water-proofing

38.  Spread cement mortar in 1:4 along with water-proofing compound over
the brick bat coba.
 Press the cement mortar with a ruler of length of 2m.
 Level the surface with a wooden float, keeping 25mm thickness.
 Apply thick cement slurry over the levelled surface, along with the water-
proofing compound for a smooth finish.
 Polish the surface with metal float
 Make vertical and horizontal lines at an intervel of 300mmX300mm, using
a cotton line dori of minimum 3mm thick; so as to avoid cracking of the
top layer.
 Clean and cure the final coat for 21days with atleast 150mm water
standing on the water proofing.

39.  Clean the top of the chhajja and chisel
extra mortar, if any.
 Apply a thick cement slurry over the top
of the chhajja.
 Apply 1:1.5:3screen coat.
 Make rounding at the junction of chhajja
and wall of the building.
 Cure this coat for seven days.
 Apply a finishing coat with C.M 1:4 with
water-proofing compound.
 Cure the water-proofing for atleast 7
days.
Chajja water proofing

40.  Clean the surface of the sloping terrace.
 Apply a thick cement slurry over the surface of the slab.
 Apply 1:1.5:3 screen coat.
 Cure this coat for 7 days by putting wet gunny bags on it.
 Over this coat, apply a finishing coat with cement sand mortar 1:4
and water-proofing compound as per design.
 Make an edge between the parapet and the sloping roof on the
second day.
 Cure this water-proofing for 15 days with gunny bags spread over
it.
 Constant watering is required on a sloping slab.
Sloping Terrace Water Proofing
WATER PROOFING SLOPING TERRACE
WATER PROOFING

41. Damp proof course in plinth
•Foundation masonry is always in contact with the sub
soil,which sometimes may contain water.
•The subsoil water tries to enter the building through
the walls/floore.
•Due to capillary action, the subsoil water sometimes
rises into the walls of the building against gravity and
indicates dampness.
•Generally , foundation masonry is done with UCR
masonry and at the plinth level,DPC is provided to
prevent capillary water of the sub soil water.
•The rich cement concrete, generally of M20 grade
with water proofing compound added to it can be
used as DPC in buildings.
•Tar isalso applied below DPC to prevent the entry
through capillary action.
•Above the DPC, regular masonry for super structure is
done.

42. Causes and Precautions for wall
dampness
•If the foundation masonry is directly exposed to subsoil,
water may enter the building through the walls.
•For this it is ensured that pointing or plastering the exposed
walls is done to restrict the direct contact of sub soil water
with masonry.
•No hollow spaces should remain in the masonry as these are
the routes for water to enter.
•For the junctions of RCC and masonry, chicken mesh should
be used for plastering.
•Dampness is also observed on the ceiling in the form of
patches. This is due to stagnant water on the terrace or some
organic matter dumped on the terrace.
•During execution of the terrace, a proper slope should be
given so that water doesnt accumulate in any place.
•The terrace must be kept clean during rainy seasons to
prevent continuous dampness.
•The terrace slab must be cast carefully so that it attains
density and impermeability.

44. Width Of Tape : 50 mm & 100 mm
Length Of Tape In a
Roll
: 20 Metre
Thickness Of Tape : 0.75 mm
Service Temperature : -30°C to 90°C
Application
Temperature
: + 5°C to 50°C
Adhesion : 7.8 N / 10 mm width of strip
50MM X 20mtr – 1 roll ( minimum pkg 8 roll)
100mm x 20mtr – 1 roll (minimum pkg 4 roll
PACKING
PERMA BUTYL TAPE

45. Sno. Type of work Rate/mt./ltr.kg. Remark
1
Flash strip Tape
Rs.87.5 Total length
10m
2 Butyl tape
(jonhson)
Rs. 35 5mt.(roll)
3 GSSI sealant
(Butyl tape)
Rs.80.7/ft. 50ft(roll)

46. Sno. Type of work Rate/sq.ftor/lt
r.
Remark
1 Weather tuff
polyurethane
670/ltr Liquid
20 ltr
2 Water based
(monoproof)
498/kg powder
20 kg (bag)

47. Sno. Type of work Rate/sq.ftor/ltr. Remark
1 EDPM WATERPROOF
SHEET
Rs. 600
SQ. MT
10-20 M
PER ROLL
2 NEOPRENE Rs. 250-400(per
meter)
Roll
(upto 50ft.)
3 EDPM Quick roof 151/ft. 25ft.(roll)
3”x25’