iDEN is a mobile telecommunications technology, developed by Motorola, which provides its users the benefits of a trunked radio and a cellular telephone. iDEN places more users in a given spectral space, compared to analog cellular and two-way radio systems, by using speech compression and time division multiple access TDMA. Notably, iDEN is designed, and licensed, to operate on individual frequencies that may not be contiguous. iDEN operates on 25kHz channels, but only occupies 20 kHz in order to provide interference protection via guard bands. By comparison, TDMA Cellular (IS-54 and IS-136) is licensed in blocks of 30 kHz channels, but each emission occupies 40 kHz, and is capable of serving the same number of subscribers per channel as iDEN. iDEN supports either three or six interconnect users (phone users) per channel, and either six or twelve dispatch users (push-to-talk users) per channel. Since there is no Analogue component of iDEN, mechanical duplexing in the handset is unnecessary, so Time Domain Duplexing is used instead, the same way that other digital-only technologies duplex their handsets. Also, like other digital-only technologies, hybrid or cavity duplexing is used at the Base Station (Cell site). First introduced in 1994, Motorola's Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (iDEN™) brought to the market next generation wireless solutions designed for a variety of vertical market mobile business applications. Today, iDEN wireless handsets are utilized in a variety of work environments ranging from manufacturing floors to executive conference rooms as well as mobile salesforces. Motorola iDEN handset users are finding new applications and discovering unique communication solutions every day to help their businesses evolve and grow. For example, Motorola's iDEN solution offers the ability for you to hold a conference with a large number of people, with only the push of a button, helping you eliminate time-wasting and costly individual calls. The iDEN project originally began as MIRS (Motorola Integrated Radio System)in the early 1991. The project was a software lab experiment focused on the utilization of discontinuous spectrum for GSM wireless. GSM systems typically require 24 contiguous voice channels, but the original MIRS software platform dynamically selected fragmented channels in the radio frequency spectrum in such a way that a GSM telecom switch could commence a phone call the same as it would in the contiguous channel scenario. The original MIRS System was renamed IDEN by Roger Wood, a young product marketing manager leading the branding effort who also gave the handsets their distinctive "chirp" and industrial design. 3.1. TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access): iDEN's digital technology divides a channel into different "slots".

1. A Technical Paper presentation
on
Presented by,
G.Naveenkumar

2. TALK-FLOW
• Introduction
• History
• Key technologies
• Operation
• Push-to-talk service
• Ip radio services
• Advantages
• Next Generation
• Conclusion

3. Introduction
• iDEN is a mobile telecommunication technology,
developed by Motorola.
• It places more users in given spectral space.
• iDEN operates on 25KHz channels.

4. History
• The iDEN project originally began as MIRS (Motorola Integrated
Radio System)in the early 1991.
• First introduced in 1994, Motorola's Integrated Digital Enhanced
Network (iDEN™).
• iDEN brought to the market by NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS
SOLUTIONS designed for a variety of vertical market mobile
business applications.

5. Key technologies
• TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)
• VSELP (Vector Sum Excited Linear Prediction)
• QAM (Quad Amplitude Modulation)

6. TDMA
• iDEN's digital technology divides a channel into different
"slots". Each slot can carry one voice or data
transmission.
• TDMA uses the IS-54 & IS-136.
• This capacity increase is accomplished using a state-of-
the-art technology called TDMA.

7. TDMA PACKET MODE
COMMUNICATION

8. VSELP
• It digitally codes and significantly compresses the voice
signals.
• This speech decoding used in IS-54 standard.
• It was used earlier in the first version of Real Audio for audio
over the internet.
• The IS-54 VSELP standard was published by the TELE
COMMUNICATION INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION in 1989.
• IS-54 is also known as ANSI/TIA/EIA-624

9. QAM
QAM TRANSMITTER

10. QAM RECEIVER

11. OPERATION
iDEN mobile operations includes
• Control Channel Acquisition
• Mobile Synchronization
• Mobile Registration
• International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)
• International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)
• Mobile Assisted Handovers

12. PUSH-TO-TALK SERVICES
• What is push-to-talk?
• How Does iDEN Work in PTT ?

13. IPRS
• The IPRS technology permits users to conduct unlimited
international and roaming push-to-talk sessions across
any packet based network.

14. GPRS Gateway Support Node
(GGSN)

15. Serving GPRS Support Node(SGSN)

16. BTS & BSC
• Base Transceiver Station. Technical term for a mobile
phone base station.
• A BTS contains the transmit and receive technology and
also the aerials to supply a radio cell.
• In radio communications a Base station is a two-way
radio installation in a fixed location, used to communicate
with one or more mobile or portable radio transceivers.

17. ADVANTAGES
• Dynamic management & High speed data connectivity.
• A-GPS feature enabled by FCC.
• Radiation less compared to other.
• Superior voice technology.
• Improved security and privacy.

18. NEXT GENERATION
• The newest phones-like the i570 BOCA CHICA-feature
innovative J2ME™ technology enabling Reversed
polarized external display equipped with PTT,A-GPS,
Browser v4.x as well as a new design language.