Asian Influences on the Philippines (slide share)

ASIAN INFLUENCES
on the PHILIPPINES

FILIPINO-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP

The Filipino-Chinese Trade
started during the
T'ang Dynasty
(618-907)


It peaked during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)

The Philippines was a very important center
of Chinese Trade.

They reached the
different parts of the
country using the
JUNK.

- 400 up to 500 passengers
- visited the Babuyan Islands, Ilocos, Laguna, Cebu, Bohol and
Cagayan de Oro


Announcing the arrival:
SOUND A BIG DRUM

On the deck of the junk were
the different things being sold.

Silk cloth, gongs, porcelain,
umbrellas, gold thread, etc.


Natives exchanged honey, furniture,
rattan (yantok), cotton, pearls, fruits,
wood, gold, etc.

Travel to the Philippines took about
20 days.

Trading lasted only about 4 to 5 days
per area.


INFLUENCES:
1. Use of jars for burials of bones.

- they could bring the remnants of
their relatives anywhere


INFLUENCES
2. Food

-food like TOFU, HOPIA, LOMI,
-BACHOY, GOTO, SIOPAO,
-LUMPIA, SIOMAI, ETC.

- Chinese ingredients:
- BIHON, KINCHAY, PETCHAY,
- TOGE, MISWA, ETC.

- Filipinos also learned how to plant these vegetables.


INFLUENCES
3. Use of Filipino words borrowed from China
- Most of these words are from the Amoy dialect

A CHI ATE
KO A KUYA
TAU KUA TOKWA
BI KO BIKO
HI KAU HIKAW
BAK KHIAQ BAKYA

(see pages 187-188)

INFLUENCES
4. Established the first convenience
store:

THE SARI-SARI STORE
- sold everything for
your convenience


INFLUENCES

5. Wearing of the
“kamisa de chino”,
loose pants and
long-sleeved
shirt


INFLUENCES

6. Games and toys:

Tops
Cards
Sungka
Flying kites

Gambling:
Mah-jong

INFLUENCES

7. CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS
Arranged Marriage

INFLUENCES

Respect for Elders

INFLUENCES

Wearing of WHITE for mourning

INFLUENCES

Use of FIREWORKS during celebrations


THE MOST LASTING INFLUENCE OF CHINA:

COMMERCE AND TRADE

FILIPINO-INDIAN RELATIONSHIP
First relations started around 800 A.D.
This relationship was based purely on
commerce.

Proof of this relationship are different
Images made of CLAY, GOLD and BRASS.

- 21 carat golf image found in
Agusan - Golden Tara


- metallic image of Ganesh,
the elephant god


- medallion of Padmapani
(Padma)


1. Filipino customs similar of Hindus.
- burial practice of dead sitting on a chair (Ifugao)

2. Sanskrit words found in Visayan and Maguindanao languages

SANSKRIT TAGALOG
tara tala (to record)
lekkha likha (to create)
ahi ahas (snake)
swamin asawa (spouse)
guru guro (teacher)
aya yaya (nurse)


3. Form of WRITING:
ALIBATA
This is a system writing was done on Palm leaves


INDIAN CLOTHING:

PUTONG
- local headwear

SARONG
-long cloth worn by
women


INDIAN

Plants and Trees

manga
langka
patola
ampalaya

FILIPINO-JAPANESE RELATIONSHIP
1. The Japanese
introduced:

DUCK FARMING/RAISING


1. The Japanese introduced:
FISH BREEDING


1. Other Japanese influences:

a. Removing of slippers
before entering the house…

b. Bonsai planting

c. Manufacturing
farm tools and
war weapons

Other Japanese
influences:

Origami

Martial Arts:
JUDO

Tanning of deer skin

FILIPINO-malaysian RELATIONSHIP
1. MALAY INFLUENCES:

a. Spices like CURRY


b. Fish Sauce: PATIS


c. Coconut Milk: GATA

ARAB INFLUENCE ON THE PHILIPPINES

Arabs improved on the relationships between the Philippines
and other Asian countries

-ARABIA was the center of the Arab Empire

- It was the center of commerce from India, China and Africa

- ARABIA was the center of Islamic religion


Usual trade items:

textile, wool, calico (a kind of cloth)

metal tools, gold bullions

jewelry and other precious gems

BACKGROUND ON ISLAM…
Spaniards : Christianity
Arabs : Islam

Mohammad was born in 570 AD

-was orphaned at an early age
-Uncle Abu Talib took care of him


Mohammad was born in 570 AD
in MECCA (Saudi Arabia)

-at age 40 he received his 1st message
from God through Angel Gabriel
(JIBRIL)

MESSAGE: STOP ATHEISM AND
POLYGAMY
GABRIEL GAVE MOHAMMAD THE TEACHINGS
OF THE QU’RAN


Started in 622 A.D. when Mohammad escaped from Mecca to
Yathrib
This escape is called the HEJIRA


Mohammad died at the age of 62

Mid 13th century, several parts of Southeast Asia
embraced Islam
ex. Sumatra and Java


The leader of Malacca, ISHKANDAR SHAH
was converted to Islam

Malacca became the center of Islamic learning.

ARRIVAL OF MUSLIMS ACCORDING TO THE TARSILA

TARSILA
a written document
n the leaders and
descendants of a
famous Muslim,
ex. Mohammad

ARRIVAL OF MUSLIMS ACCORDING TO THE TARSILA

TUHAN MASHAIKA – introduced Islam to the country

In Sulu, there is a tarsila about MAKHDUM KARIM, a
leader in Tawi-Tawi.

In Sulu, the first Arab Community started in the 15th
century under SHARIF ABU-BAKR.

SHARIF ABU BAKR

- missionary who married the daughter of Rajah
Baguinda.
- converted the whole community of Sulu into Islam
- introduced the SHARI'A (SACRED ORDERS)
- declared himself SULTAN
- recognized as the 1st Sultan of Sulu
- established the 1st MADRASAHS (schools that teach
the Qu'ran)
- introduced Arabian literature


SHARIF MOHAMMAD KABUNGSUWAN

- arrived in 1457 and also proclaimed himself sultan

- soon most parts of Mindanao also accepted Islam all the way
up to Luzon

TEACHINGS OF ISLAM (Foundations of Islam)

A devoted Muslim has to fulfil certain obligations:
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

1. SHAHADAH – DECLARATION OF FAITH

Faith or belief in the Oneness of God and the finality of the
prophethood of Muhammad;

"Ashadu anla ilaha ila allah, washadu anna Muhammedan
rasolallah."

The only purpose in life is to serve and obey GOD.


5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

2. SALAH

Establishment of the daily prayers;
5 times a day pray, they pray the SALAH

God is Great. 4x
I testify that there is none worthy of worship except God. 2x
I testify that Muhammad is the messenger of God. 2x
Come to prayer! 2x
Come to success! 2x
God is Great! 2x
There is none worthy of worship except God.

5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

3. ZAKAH

Concern for the poor
Almsgiving to the needy


5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

4. SAWM

Self-purification through FASTING

-every year in the month of RAMADAN
from sun up to sun down, NO DRINKING NO EATING

Final Day of Fasting – HARIRAYA PUASA


5 PILLARS OF ISLAM

5. HAJJ

The PILGRIMAGE to Makkah (Mecca) for those who are able

One who has seen Mecca is CALLED:

HADJI (SACRED PERSON)

Mohammad was the only person who was able to

UNITE THE FIGHTING TRIBES OF THE MUSLIM STATES.

THE MOSQUE

From the Arab word “MASJID” which means “a place of
worship”

A ritual of prayers with
movements like standing,
bowing, sitting and kneeling.


OKIR DESIGNS

Old houses have Okir designs
on the beams of the houses


The Arabs were the first to introduce weapons used a
explosives.

LANTAKA – a small Muslim
cannon made of brass

The SARIMANOK design

most common in Lanao (Mindanao)
a very colorful bird

COMPARE AND CONTRAST
ASPECTS CHRISTIANITY ISLAM
SUPREME BEING GOD ALLAH

FOUNDER JESUS CHRIST MOHAMMAD

HOLY LAND JERUSALEM MECCA

FOUNDATION OF FAITH TEN COMMANDMENTS FIVE PILLARS

RELIGIOUS LEADER POPE IMAM

PLACE OF WORSHIP CHURCH / CHAPEL MOSQUE/MASJID

RELIGIOUS CENTER VATICAN AL HARAM / MECCA

RELIGIOUS SYMBOLS CRUCIFIX / CROSS CRESCENT MOON

FEAST DAYS EASTER EID AL-FITR

PERIOD OF FASTING LENT RAMADAN

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