MIPI DevCon 2016: MIPI in Automotive
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The transformation of the car into a connected mobile device is occurring from the inside out, and is a perfect setting for leveraging the work done in the MIPI Alliance. The intimate (vendor controlled) system interfaces of a smartphone supplier mirror those developing to serve the auto industry. Mixel Inc.'s Ashraf Takla discusses this transformation, and how MIPI Alliance and its member companies are helping to make it happen.
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MIPI DevCon 2016: MIPI in Automotive
- 1. MIPI in Automotive Mixel, Inc., Ashraf Takla, CEO NXP, Thomas Wilson, Automotive Radar Product Marketing Manager NXP, Christian Tuschen, Automotive Systems Engineering
- 2. Outline • Why MIPI in automotive • What is similar • What is different • Overview of information flow in auto and where MIPI is used • Telematics and In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) • Advanced Driver Assist Systems (ADAS) • Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) • Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) • Safety and Reliability • RX+: Optimized MIPI configuration • Use case: NXP ADAS processor • Future trends • Q&A 2
- 3. Why MIPI in Automotive • What’s similar • Need to use high bandwidth sensors (e.g. high resolution image sensors) • Traditionally are closed (vendor controlled) system interfaces • Historically use many non-standardized specifications, both benefiting from standards that create open competitive landscape • Low cost • High Volume • The “nervous system” is being connected both wired and wirelessly • Same capabilities are required: collection, transmission, and processing of a wide variety of information at a wide range of speeds • Low power exceptionally important for mobile, and very important for automotive • What’s different • Reliability and safety are paramount for many automotive applications • 1ppm vs. 100ppm field failure • Functional safety (ISO 26262) • Product life-cycle: tens of years, vs. a couple of years 3
- 4. Electronics in automotive • Vehicle Telematics • In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) • Advanced Driver Assist Systems (ADAS) • Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) • Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) 4
- 5. Information Flow in Auto & MIPI Usage • Vehicle Telematics • Vehicle tracking, location monitoring • Interfacing with GPS to navigation display • Includes display, touch and audio • In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) • Audio and video, voice control • Bluetooth connectivity, Wi-Fi, in-car internet • Display Serial Interface (MIPI DSI) 5
- 6. Information Flow in Auto & MIPI Usage • Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) • Features • Collision Avoidance • Adaptive cruise control • Automatic breaking • Lane detection • Proximity detection • Electronics • Vision interfaces • Radar • Ultrasound • Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) • Image/signal processing • MIPI Usage • Camera Serial Interface (MIPI CSI), most prevalent MIPI usage in automotive • MIPI DSI’s adoption is accelerating 6
- 7. Information Flow in Auto & MIPI Usage • Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) • Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) connections: • Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) • Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) • Vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) • Vehicle-to-device (V2D) • Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) • Connections, bridging to RF modems that support a number of different wireless (802.11p, ac, ah, Bluetooth) and cellular (LTE, GSM) standards • Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) • The ultimate goal • Happening faster than anticipated • The race is on 7
- 8. ADAS and the Sensor Shield 8 Surround View Blind Spot Detection ParkAssist Rear Collision Warning Park Assistance/ Surround View Surround View ParkAssist Cross Traffic Alert Traffic Sign Recognition Lane Departure Warning Emergency Braking Pedestrian Detection Collision Avoidance Adaptive Cruise Control Courtesy of NXP
- 9. MIPI Use in Automotive 9 Courtesy of MIPI Alliance
- 10. Camera-to-Processor Connection 10 Image Sensor MIPI CSI-2 TX MIPI D-PHY TX Lens MIPI D-PHY RX+ MIPI CSI-2 RX Image Signal Processing Other Functional Blocks Camera Subsystem System-level SoC
- 11. Safety and Reliability • Operational reliability and robustness are of paramount importance • 1ppm in field failure over tens of years • Wider range of temperature (-40C to 125C) • Wider range of process variation tolerance (5+ sigma) • Rigorous and demanding reliability standards: AEC-Q100, IEC61508, and ISO26262 (Road Vehicles - Functional Safety) • AEC-Q100: different temperature Grades (Grade 1: -40 C to 125 C, though Grade 4: 0 C to 70 C) • Testability & diagnostics are key to ensure continued safe operation • Full speed production testing • In-system test capability • RX+ configuration was developed to optimally address this challenge 11
- 12. Traditional Solution: Universal Lane 12
- 13. MIPI D-PHY LP/HS operation 13
- 14. MIPI D-PHY LP/HS operation 14
- 15. MIPI D-PHY Optimized for Automotive • Receiver usage is widely adopted on the chips receiving camera data stream • RX+ is a D-PHY configuration that enables • Full-speed, full function, comprehensive • Production test • In-system test • Independent of external load (patent pending) • Supports higher data rates at lower BER • Lower serial interface capacitive loading • Small footprint • Eliminate multiple high-speed transmitters, area reduction: ~35 % • Lower inactive power • Leakage Power reduction: ~50 % 15
- 16. RX+: Optimized for Automotive 16
- 17. RX+ in NXP S32V234 ADAS Processor 17
- 18. NXP S32V234 features • High performance automotive processor • Supports safe computation-intensive vision and sensor fusion applications • Target applications: • Front Camera: pedestrian detection, object detection, lane departure warning, smart head beam control and traffic sign recognition • Surround view applications where the image data can be received in raw formats via the MIPI CSI-2 • Smart rear view camera applications • Sensor fusion computing in communication with a radar MCU • Satisfies ISO 26262 ASIL B functional safety requirements 18
- 19. NXP S32V234 MIPI features • It integrates Mixel’s RX+ D-PHY • Four data lanes, configurable to operate as 1, 2, 4 lanes • Aggregate data rate of up to 6 Gbps • Supports CSI-2 • Supports full speed testing at wafer level • Eliminates the need for high speed ATE 19
- 20. Radar Transceiver to Radar Processor 20 Courtesy MIPI Alliance Radar Module 4x Rx 3x Tx Antenna CSI-2 TX D-PHY TX D-PHY RX+ CSI-2 RX System Memory and Interconnect Radar Processor SOC Radar Transceiver Analog FE with ADCS NXP Radar Processing
- 21. Future Trends • Suppliers are moving to extend ADAS into ADS • MIPI is evolving to support automotive requirements • Considering longer reach channels • Combination of different sensor types is required for ADS • Accelerating Radar use with MIPI as high-bandwidth transceiver interconnect with Radar Signal Processor • Key in Autonomous Driving Systems • New players jumping into deployment • Traditional players are accelerating their adoption • Exciting future lies ahead for consumers as well as many opportunities for early adopters 21
- 22. Conclusion • The electronic content in automotive is increasing substantially • Automotive electronics providers are increasingly adopting MIPI standards • The MIPI Alliance and its members are collaborating and coordinating to maximize MIPI adoption in Automotive • The transition from Advanced Driver Assistance to Autonomous Driving is accelerating and happening faster than expected • The race is on, and MIPI is in! 22
- 23. Contact 97 East Brokaw Road, Suite 250 San Jose, CA 95112 P: (408) 436-8500 F: (408) 436-8400 marketing@mixel.com www.mixel.com 24