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Tilt up concrete structures
Tilt‐up concrete construction advancements and applications
Introduction
Tilt‐Up Concrete Association
• Promoting growth and achievement in tilt‐up design,
construction and innovation for three decades.
• Founded in 1986, the Tilt‐Up Concrete Association was
created by a dedicated group of construction
professionals interested in improving the quality and
acceptance of tilt‐up construction.
• TCA mission is to expand and improve the use of tilt‐up
as the preferred construction method by providing
education and resources that enhance quality and
performance.
James Baty
TCA Technical Director 
ACI 551 ‐ Tilt‐Up Concrete 
Committee, voting 
member and current 
Secretary
ReviewerSpeaker
Mohammed Zaid
Senior Structural Engineer
Chartered Engineer‐ ASCE
Associate member‐
ACI‐551 /ACI‐423 
committees
www.tiltwerk.com
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org
Learning objectives
After viewing this program, you will be able to:
•Identify the difference between precast/pre-
stressed concrete and tilt up concrete structures
•Explain the benefits of using tilt up concrete
•Discuss the design considerations for tilt up
concrete structures
•BIM into precast / Tilt up concrete
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Definition
Precast & Tilt up concrete
Precast concrete refers to any type of
concrete structure that is manufactured at
a plant and transported to the construction
site. In contrast, regular concrete
structures are normally molded, poured,
and cured on-site.
Tilt up concrete, are created by
assembling forms and pouring large slabs
of concrete called panels directly at the
job site. The panels are then tilted up into
position around the building's slab.
Because the concrete tilt wall forms are
assembled and poured directly at the job
site, no transportation of panels is
required
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Precast concrete Vs Tilt up
concrete
there are many similarities between precast
concrete construction and tilt-up concrete
construction, there are also many pointed
differences
• Elements sizes
• Transportation
• Weather Conditions
• Connections cost
• Compilation differences
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Tilt up concrete advantages
1. Elimination of expensive formwork and
scaffolding
2. Fast, economical construction cycle time
3. Wide variety of exterior finishes such as
colored , concrete, exposed aggregate,
graphic painting and form liner finishes
4. Easily modified structures for building
expansion
5. Durable, long-life and low maintenance
building
6. Schedule and Early Occupancy
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Tilt up basics
Modern tilt‐up construction is carried out by
erecting site cast panels and temporarily
bracing them to the floor until the roof
structure is in place.
Once complete the concrete panels carry the
building’s vertical loads, while the roof
structure acts as a diaphragm, transferring and
distributing horizontal loads to transverse walls
and creating a self‐supporting structure.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Planning
A successful tilt-up project begins with a
suitable and properly prepared site. Items
affecting the suitability of the site include:
Access
Circulation for cranes and ready-mix trucks
Staging space for materials
Casting areas
Overhead clearance is also important to
facilitate crane operation
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Engineering
Every project starts with selecting a an
Engineer to design the project.
The quality of engineering drawings
has a direct impact on the quantity and
magnitude of issues that can arise in
the field.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Design
Wall panels are generally designed as
load-bearing beam-columns spanning
vertically between the ground floor and
the roof, or intermediate floors
The thickness of a concrete panel
usually is determined by the ratio of
the unsupported panel to the panel
thickness. Tilt-up walls will often
exceed this limitation with lu/h ratios of
40 to 50 or more
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Shop drawings
Many of the details of tilt-up
construction are identified and
documented in the shop drawings.
Panel Elevations
Locations and Details of Lifting Inserts
Locations and Details of Panel
Reinforcement
Specification for Reinforcement Chairs
Concrete Mix Design
Product Information
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Foundation system
Continuous spread footings are the
most economical foundation system
and are used whenever possible.
Footing sides may either be formed
or trenched depending on soil
conditions and the degree of control
needed over the footing size and
elevation.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Floor slabs
Footing locations, heights, and
dimensions should be checked and
verified for correctness
The building floor slab is the most
common surface used for casting
tilt-up wall panels.
The slab should be smooth and
hard and contraction joints should
be positioned where they will have
minimal impact on the pane
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Floor slabs
Stack Casting: Stack cast panels are
typically cast two or three panels
high, but stacking as high as seven
or eight panels is possible.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Panel Forming
The standard practice in laying out
panels is to snap a chalk line on the
floor slab. These lines indicate panel
perimeters and the forms should be
placed against them. Wood are the
most common material used for side
forms.
The form sides can be supported and
secured to the slab by a wood or steel
angle support There are several ways
to form individual panels.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Panel Forming
A variation of this method is to cast a
large slab, then saw joints into the
slab to form individual panels after the
concrete has been troweled.
Form door and window openings after
framing the panel perimeter. Brace
the interior of the openings to prevent
bowing or movement.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Panel Forming
Apply form release agent and bond
breaker to the slab and forms.
The steel grid for reinforcing Tilt-Up
panels is typically tied in-place after the
side forms are erected
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Concrete Placement
The most efficient method of placing
concrete is pumping. Concrete pumps
are available in nearly all parts of the
world and are capable of delivering
large volumes of concrete over
considerable distances.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Panel Erection
The erection sequence should
be determined well in advance
Locate and clean inserts and
embeds and attach braces
before lifting the panels
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Panel Erection
Braces should not be removed
until after the roof and decking
are installed. Once the braces
have been safely removed,
workers can patch holes in the
floor and complete other finish
work.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Connection
Panel to Foundation: The connection of the
panel base to the footing or floor slab is
done with a reinforcement bar in the panel
connected to the floor reinforcement
dowel, by welded angle to an embed in
both panel and footing, or by an anchor
inserted through the panel into the footing.
Panel to Panel: Tilt-up panels are not often
connected to each other because of the
shrinkage forces. Elimination of most
panel-to-panel connections (called
“stitching”) is one of the major differences
between tilt-up and precast construction.
Panel to Roof: Members can either be set
in pockets or flush-mounted to embedded
plates by bolt or weld.
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
Finishing
Panels often appear discolored when they
are first erected. This is due in part to
uncontrollable factors such as moisture on
or in the casting slab, concrete from
different trucks and batches and a host of
other variables. Cleaning and time even
out the coloration
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
THANK YOU
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
THANK YOU FOR
ATTENDING
A wealth of presentations and reports are available at
www.middleeastconcrete/presentations
PLEASE DON’T FORGET TO COLLECT YOUR ATTENDANCE CERTIFICATE
www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com

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Tilt up concrete structures

  • 1. Tilt up concrete structures Tilt‐up concrete construction advancements and applications
  • 2. Introduction Tilt‐Up Concrete Association • Promoting growth and achievement in tilt‐up design, construction and innovation for three decades. • Founded in 1986, the Tilt‐Up Concrete Association was created by a dedicated group of construction professionals interested in improving the quality and acceptance of tilt‐up construction. • TCA mission is to expand and improve the use of tilt‐up as the preferred construction method by providing education and resources that enhance quality and performance. James Baty TCA Technical Director  ACI 551 ‐ Tilt‐Up Concrete  Committee, voting  member and current  Secretary ReviewerSpeaker Mohammed Zaid Senior Structural Engineer Chartered Engineer‐ ASCE Associate member‐ ACI‐551 /ACI‐423  committees www.tiltwerk.com www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org
  • 3. Learning objectives After viewing this program, you will be able to: •Identify the difference between precast/pre- stressed concrete and tilt up concrete structures •Explain the benefits of using tilt up concrete •Discuss the design considerations for tilt up concrete structures •BIM into precast / Tilt up concrete www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 4. Definition Precast & Tilt up concrete Precast concrete refers to any type of concrete structure that is manufactured at a plant and transported to the construction site. In contrast, regular concrete structures are normally molded, poured, and cured on-site. Tilt up concrete, are created by assembling forms and pouring large slabs of concrete called panels directly at the job site. The panels are then tilted up into position around the building's slab. Because the concrete tilt wall forms are assembled and poured directly at the job site, no transportation of panels is required www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 5. Precast concrete Vs Tilt up concrete there are many similarities between precast concrete construction and tilt-up concrete construction, there are also many pointed differences • Elements sizes • Transportation • Weather Conditions • Connections cost • Compilation differences www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 6. Tilt up concrete advantages 1. Elimination of expensive formwork and scaffolding 2. Fast, economical construction cycle time 3. Wide variety of exterior finishes such as colored , concrete, exposed aggregate, graphic painting and form liner finishes 4. Easily modified structures for building expansion 5. Durable, long-life and low maintenance building 6. Schedule and Early Occupancy www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 7. Tilt up basics Modern tilt‐up construction is carried out by erecting site cast panels and temporarily bracing them to the floor until the roof structure is in place. Once complete the concrete panels carry the building’s vertical loads, while the roof structure acts as a diaphragm, transferring and distributing horizontal loads to transverse walls and creating a self‐supporting structure. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 8. Planning A successful tilt-up project begins with a suitable and properly prepared site. Items affecting the suitability of the site include: Access Circulation for cranes and ready-mix trucks Staging space for materials Casting areas Overhead clearance is also important to facilitate crane operation www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 9. Engineering Every project starts with selecting a an Engineer to design the project. The quality of engineering drawings has a direct impact on the quantity and magnitude of issues that can arise in the field. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 10. Design Wall panels are generally designed as load-bearing beam-columns spanning vertically between the ground floor and the roof, or intermediate floors The thickness of a concrete panel usually is determined by the ratio of the unsupported panel to the panel thickness. Tilt-up walls will often exceed this limitation with lu/h ratios of 40 to 50 or more www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 11. Shop drawings Many of the details of tilt-up construction are identified and documented in the shop drawings. Panel Elevations Locations and Details of Lifting Inserts Locations and Details of Panel Reinforcement Specification for Reinforcement Chairs Concrete Mix Design Product Information www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 12. Foundation system Continuous spread footings are the most economical foundation system and are used whenever possible. Footing sides may either be formed or trenched depending on soil conditions and the degree of control needed over the footing size and elevation. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 13. Floor slabs Footing locations, heights, and dimensions should be checked and verified for correctness The building floor slab is the most common surface used for casting tilt-up wall panels. The slab should be smooth and hard and contraction joints should be positioned where they will have minimal impact on the pane www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 14. Floor slabs Stack Casting: Stack cast panels are typically cast two or three panels high, but stacking as high as seven or eight panels is possible. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 15. Panel Forming The standard practice in laying out panels is to snap a chalk line on the floor slab. These lines indicate panel perimeters and the forms should be placed against them. Wood are the most common material used for side forms. The form sides can be supported and secured to the slab by a wood or steel angle support There are several ways to form individual panels. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 16. Panel Forming A variation of this method is to cast a large slab, then saw joints into the slab to form individual panels after the concrete has been troweled. Form door and window openings after framing the panel perimeter. Brace the interior of the openings to prevent bowing or movement. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 17. Panel Forming Apply form release agent and bond breaker to the slab and forms. The steel grid for reinforcing Tilt-Up panels is typically tied in-place after the side forms are erected www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 19. Concrete Placement The most efficient method of placing concrete is pumping. Concrete pumps are available in nearly all parts of the world and are capable of delivering large volumes of concrete over considerable distances. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 20. Panel Erection The erection sequence should be determined well in advance Locate and clean inserts and embeds and attach braces before lifting the panels www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 21. Panel Erection Braces should not be removed until after the roof and decking are installed. Once the braces have been safely removed, workers can patch holes in the floor and complete other finish work. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 22. Connection Panel to Foundation: The connection of the panel base to the footing or floor slab is done with a reinforcement bar in the panel connected to the floor reinforcement dowel, by welded angle to an embed in both panel and footing, or by an anchor inserted through the panel into the footing. Panel to Panel: Tilt-up panels are not often connected to each other because of the shrinkage forces. Elimination of most panel-to-panel connections (called “stitching”) is one of the major differences between tilt-up and precast construction. Panel to Roof: Members can either be set in pockets or flush-mounted to embedded plates by bolt or weld. www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 23. Finishing Panels often appear discolored when they are first erected. This is due in part to uncontrollable factors such as moisture on or in the casting slab, concrete from different trucks and batches and a host of other variables. Cleaning and time even out the coloration www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com
  • 29. THANK YOU FOR ATTENDING A wealth of presentations and reports are available at www.middleeastconcrete/presentations PLEASE DON’T FORGET TO COLLECT YOUR ATTENDANCE CERTIFICATE www.esolution‐pt.com www.tiltup.org www.tiltwerk.com