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Importance of
Occupational Safety


          Professor F.K. Ewete
 Dean, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry,
       University of Ibadan, Nigeria
 What is Safety?
 state of being certain that adverse effects will not be
 caused by some agents under defined conditions;
 usually that will affect the health of an individual or
 group.


 Occupational Safety?
     a cross-boundary area concerned with protecting the
      safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or
      employment.

     As secondary effect, may also protect co-workers, family
      members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby
      communities, and other members of public who are
      impacted by the workplace environment.
Occupational safety Objectives
 the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of
  physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all
  occupations;

 the prevention amongst workers of departures from
  health caused by their working conditions;

 the protection of workers in their employment from risks
  resulting from factors adverse to health;

 the placing and maintenance of the worker in an
  occupational environment adapted to his physiological
  and psychological capabilities;
Safety Against Hazards
The degree of exposure to hazards or
dangers diferred greatly with each work or
worker


 Occupational Safety concerns:
 •   the worker
 •   the employer
 •   the government
Why Occupational safety?
 Moral –an employee need not be subjected to risk injury
   at work, nor others associated with the work
   environment.

 b. Economic - poor occupational safety and health
   performance results in
           huge costs to the State (e.g. through social security payments to
            the incapacitated, costs for medical treatment, and the loss of the
            "employability" of the worker especially in countries where the
            welfare of the citizens are taken as paramount to national
            development).
           costs to employer in the event of an incident at work through
            payments e.g. legal fees, fines, compensatory damages,
            investigation time, lost production, lost goodwill from the
            workforce, from customers and from the wider community).
 c. Legal - without extra "encouragement" of potential
   regulatory action or litigation, many organisations would
   not act upon their implied moral obligations.
Legal perspectives to Occupational and Health
  safety in Nigeria – Contributions of Chief rotimi
  Williams


 There is need to commence work on a comprehensive
  review of the Nigerian Law for the purpose of meeting the
  challenges that were imminent in Occupational and Health
  safety in Nigeria
  .
Importance of Occupational
    safety
 it seeks to secure the health, safety and welfare of all persons at
   work and other persons who may be at risk as a result of
   activities at work.

 It provides that employers maintain plants and systems that are
   reasonably and practicably safe, they ensure safe methods of
   handling, storing and transporting materials and also provide
   adequate induction, training and supervision in those methods.

 It provides that employers must keep revised, written safety
   policy statement showing the arrangement and organization of
   their safety procedures. These rules and procedures must be
   known to all employees.
Importance of Occupational safety                     cont’d




 It provides that employees are also required by law to
   cooperate in meeting statutory requirements and must not
   interfere with or misuse materials provided to secure health
   safety and welfare.

 It ensures that Commission set up by government are
   empowered to make health and safety regulations or codes of
   practice for most industries and failure to observe any
   provision of practice may render an employer liable to
   prosecution.

 Ensures regular compliance to standards and wide ranging
   powers are given to inspectors to ensure compliance with the
   Act.
Important factors of Occupational safety in
Agriculture

 major hazards to the worker:    Consequences
       infections by             significant but
        pathogens,                 preventable expenditure
       physiological              especially on treatments,
        disorders,                 premature ageing,
       respiratory tract          absenteeism from work
        infections,                and declining
                                   productivity. In addition,
       allergies                  this adds up to
       musculoskeletal
        disorders
                                  increased social and
        injuries from             health costs for the
        exposure                   country.
       poisoning.
Occupational safety Practices relating to
Agriculture in Southwest Nigeria - accidents
 Causes:
       ignorance or illiteracy;
      lack of use or availability of personal protective
       equipment,
      inadequate information on occupational hazards
       non-existence of or inadequate training.
   
 common types:
       stepping on sharp objects,
      wounds from tools,
      insect bite and
      poison from agro-chemicals.
Occupational safety Practices relating to
      Agriculture in Southwest Nigeria - Findings
     Recommended precautionary measures to farmers
         The recommendations include wearing of nose shield to avoid
       chemical inhalation,
        protective clothing, rubber gloves and boots,
        refraining from smoking,
        eating and drinking during chemical applications,
        covering food and water to avoid contamination.

     Findings
        most farmers were not enthusiastic about the need to use safety
        devices to prevent the listed accidents.
      The farmers were aware of deaths resulting from accidents on
        farm
      major reason for non-use of the safety gears were cost of
        procurement and convenience of use.
        Farmers in the area are prone to accidents and illness from the
        activities on farm principally due to non use of safety devices..

   These studies established that agriculture is hazardous and most
    accidents identified are indeed preventable
Conclusion


 Occupational safety is very important and it is
  the joint responsibility of all: the government,
  the employer and the worker.

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Importance of Occupational Safety

  • 1. Importance of Occupational Safety Professor F.K. Ewete Dean, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
  • 2.  What is Safety? state of being certain that adverse effects will not be caused by some agents under defined conditions; usually that will affect the health of an individual or group.  Occupational Safety?  a cross-boundary area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment.  As secondary effect, may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities, and other members of public who are impacted by the workplace environment.
  • 3. Occupational safety Objectives  the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations;  the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions;  the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health;  the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities;
  • 4. Safety Against Hazards The degree of exposure to hazards or dangers diferred greatly with each work or worker Occupational Safety concerns: • the worker • the employer • the government
  • 5. Why Occupational safety?  Moral –an employee need not be subjected to risk injury at work, nor others associated with the work environment.  b. Economic - poor occupational safety and health performance results in  huge costs to the State (e.g. through social security payments to the incapacitated, costs for medical treatment, and the loss of the "employability" of the worker especially in countries where the welfare of the citizens are taken as paramount to national development).  costs to employer in the event of an incident at work through payments e.g. legal fees, fines, compensatory damages, investigation time, lost production, lost goodwill from the workforce, from customers and from the wider community).  c. Legal - without extra "encouragement" of potential regulatory action or litigation, many organisations would not act upon their implied moral obligations.
  • 6. Legal perspectives to Occupational and Health safety in Nigeria – Contributions of Chief rotimi Williams  There is need to commence work on a comprehensive review of the Nigerian Law for the purpose of meeting the challenges that were imminent in Occupational and Health safety in Nigeria .
  • 7. Importance of Occupational safety  it seeks to secure the health, safety and welfare of all persons at work and other persons who may be at risk as a result of activities at work.  It provides that employers maintain plants and systems that are reasonably and practicably safe, they ensure safe methods of handling, storing and transporting materials and also provide adequate induction, training and supervision in those methods.  It provides that employers must keep revised, written safety policy statement showing the arrangement and organization of their safety procedures. These rules and procedures must be known to all employees.
  • 8. Importance of Occupational safety cont’d  It provides that employees are also required by law to cooperate in meeting statutory requirements and must not interfere with or misuse materials provided to secure health safety and welfare.  It ensures that Commission set up by government are empowered to make health and safety regulations or codes of practice for most industries and failure to observe any provision of practice may render an employer liable to prosecution.  Ensures regular compliance to standards and wide ranging powers are given to inspectors to ensure compliance with the Act.
  • 9. Important factors of Occupational safety in Agriculture  major hazards to the worker:  Consequences  infections by  significant but pathogens, preventable expenditure  physiological especially on treatments, disorders, premature ageing,  respiratory tract absenteeism from work infections, and declining productivity. In addition,  allergies this adds up to  musculoskeletal disorders  increased social and  injuries from health costs for the exposure country.  poisoning.
  • 10. Occupational safety Practices relating to Agriculture in Southwest Nigeria - accidents  Causes:  ignorance or illiteracy;  lack of use or availability of personal protective equipment,  inadequate information on occupational hazards  non-existence of or inadequate training.   common types:  stepping on sharp objects,  wounds from tools,  insect bite and  poison from agro-chemicals.
  • 11. Occupational safety Practices relating to Agriculture in Southwest Nigeria - Findings Recommended precautionary measures to farmers  The recommendations include wearing of nose shield to avoid chemical inhalation,  protective clothing, rubber gloves and boots,  refraining from smoking,  eating and drinking during chemical applications,  covering food and water to avoid contamination. Findings  most farmers were not enthusiastic about the need to use safety devices to prevent the listed accidents.  The farmers were aware of deaths resulting from accidents on farm  major reason for non-use of the safety gears were cost of procurement and convenience of use.  Farmers in the area are prone to accidents and illness from the activities on farm principally due to non use of safety devices..  These studies established that agriculture is hazardous and most accidents identified are indeed preventable
  • 12. Conclusion  Occupational safety is very important and it is the joint responsibility of all: the government, the employer and the worker.