Aviation PPT Frankfinn

1. Name : Harsh Soni.
Course : AHTM
Batch : R2
Assessor’s Name : Nausheen Khan.

2. I Sincerely thanks to frankfinn institute of
airhostess training for giving me such a great
opportunity. I also extend my hearty thanks to
Mrs .Nausheen Khan for her Constant support
and guidance that has encouraged me to
complete this assignment. Last but not the least
I thank God Almighty for His love and care.
Acknowledgement

4. •Abu Dhabi’s Etihad Airways has denied violating takeover rules while
buying a 24 per cent stake in Naresh Goyal’s Jet Airways, as per a
Business Standard report. In a reply to the Securities and Exchange Board
of India (SEBI), the foreign airline has said it is not liable to make an open
offer for the public holding in Jet as there has been no violation of the
takeover code.
•In a communication to the Ministry of Finance in September, SEBI stated
the agreement between Jet Airways and Etihad did not result in change of
control. However, the market regulator had put in a caveat that if any
other regulator took the view that Etihad was gaining control over Jet
Airways, the two airlines would be deemed to be “persons acting in
concert”.

5. Qatar Airways yesterday displayed its first Airbus A380-800 aircraft with
luxury First Class seats, which will form part of the aircraft’s tri-class
configuration, at ITB Berlin. The travel trade show commenced
yesterday at Berlin Exhibition Grounds. At a press conference, Akbar Al
Baker, CEO, Qatar Airways, together with Günter Saurwein, Country
Manager for Germany and Austria, Qatar Airways, made a series of
announcements regarding the airline’s first A380-800, as per a release.
With a customized interior, the new A380s will enter service this year.
Thirteen such aircraft have been ordered by the airline. Featuring a tri-
class configuration of seating in First, Business and Economy, over two
decks, the A380 is the largest passenger jet in the world, the release
stated.

6. A metro link improving access to the terminals, expansion of the new
Terminal 2 (T2), a new taxiway and a tunnel under the runway for airside
(the area within an airport’s passport, customs control and security
checks) vehicular movement are being planned in the second phase of the
modernisation of the Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport in
Mumbai.
The total cost for these upgrades, to be completed between financial years
2016 and 2019, is pegged at Rs 1,600 crore, including interest cost and
the pre-operative expense of Rs 341 crore, as per a report by Aneesh
Phadnis for Business Standard. Executives at the Mumbai International
Airport Ltd (MIAL) outlined the development plans last week and will
form an Airport Users Consultative Committee comprising airlines, the
Airports Authority of India (AAI) and other stakeholders.

7. Cockpit :- Cockpit or flight deck is the area, usually near
the front of an aircraft, from which a pilot controls the aircraft.
Most modern cockpits are enclosed, except on some small
aircraft, and cockpits on large airliners are also physically
separated from the cabin. From the cockpit an aircraft is
controlled on the ground and in the air.

8. Cargo :- Usually provided on the underside of the aircraft
for storage of passengers baggage and freight. Cargo
compartments on aircraft comes in four types: Class A:
Pressurized, not compartmentalized and within easy reach of
cabin attendants. Think closets, galley storage, etc. Class B:
Pressurized, reachable by crew, but compartmentalized. Fluffy
rides here. Class C: Pressurized or not, compartmentalized,
has a fire suppression system. Passenger luggage is usually
placed in a non-pressurized class C compartment. Class D:
Not pressurized, compartmentalized, generally do not have
fire suppression systems (except for the lack of air at altitude).
This is where the mail goes, along with most other paying
cargo, spare parts the airline Is lugging back and forth, etc.
Not all aircraft have all four types of cargo areas, but most
decent sized jets will have a B and a C.

10. Fuselage :- It is the central body potion of a plane
designed to carry fuel, passengers, freight & mail. The part of
the aircraft, which is streamlined, and the wings and the tails
are attached to it. It is made up of Duralium i.e. an alloy of
Aluminum , nickel & cobalt.

11. Cockpit :- As Explained in Above
SlideCabin :-An aircraft cabin is the section of an aircraft in
which passengers travel, often just called the cabin. The
portion of enclosed airplane intended for transporting
passengers or freight.Wings :-The parts of the plane that provide lift & support
the weight of the plane, its passengers, crew & cargo while the
plane is in flight.Flaps :-The movable portion of the wings closest to the
fuselage. These are control surfaces installed on the trailing
edge of a wing and used to increase the amount of lift
generated by the wing at slower speeds.Ailerons :-Ailerons are hinged control surfaces attached to
the trailing edge of the wing of a fixed-wing aircraft .The
ailerons are used to control the aircraft in roll.Rudder :-The rudder is one of three primary flight control
surfaces found on an airplane. It is a movable surface hinged
to the fixed surface that is located at the rear of the aircraft
called the vertical stabilizer, or fin. The rudder controls
movement of the airplane about its vertical axis and causes the

12. Horizontal Stabilizer :-This is the horizontal part of the
tail assembly, the small wings at the rear of an aircrafts
fuselage. It balances the lift forces generated by the main
wings further forward on the fuselage. The stabilizer also
usually contains the elevator.Undercarriage :- It is located underneath the plane, it
allows the plane to land and supports it while it is on ground.
It also has the mechanism to reduce and absorb the shock of
landing to acceptable limits.Spoiler :- Spoilers are small, hinged plates on the top
portion of wings. Spoilers can be used to slow an aircraft,
or to make an aircraft descend, if they are deployed on
both wings. Spoilers can also be used to generate a rolling
motion for an aircraft, if they are deployed on only one
wing.

13. •Aisle :- A passage between two sections of seats, comprising
of horizontally placed rows that is located from the nose to tail
of the aircraft without any obstruction.•Bulkhead :-Partitions or walls in the fuselage to make
compartments for different purposes.
•Doghouse:- A small cupboard, placed on the floor of the
aircraft on casters, usually behind the last row of seats in every
zone of the plane used for storage purposes.
•Overhead :- Medium sized compartments placed along the
sidewall of the aircraft, fitted with a door, meant for stowage
of the carry-on baggage of the passenger during flight.
•Emergency Exits :- Doors & Windows used specially in
case of emergency besides being used as normal exits.
•Galleys :- The kitchen of the aircraft is called the galley.
•Lavatory :- All lavatory are similar in design, though size and
contour may very depending on its location

14. •Slide Raft :- An evacuation slide is an inflatable slide used
to evacuate an aircraft quickly. An escape slide is required on
all commercial (passenger carrying) aircraft where the door
sill height is such that, in the event of an evacuation,
passengers would be unable to "step down" from the door
uninjured.• Escape slides are packed and held within the door
structure inside the slide bustle, a protruding part of the inside
of an aircraft door that varies in size depending on both the
size of the aircraft and the size of the door.• Many, but not all
slides are also designed to double as life rafts in case of a
water landing.
•CABIN INTERCOMMUNICATION SYSTEM:-It is
the core digital cabin management system used in all Airbus
aircraft. The system controls and displays cabin functions for
passengers and crew. These include cabin lighting,
cockpit/cabin announcements, door status indication,
emergency signals, non-smoking/fasten seatbelt signs, smoke
detectors, cabin temperature, water/waste tank capacity and
various other cabin functions, some of which are critical for

15. •Passenger Service Unit :-PSU is an abbreviation in
aviation for Passenger Service Unit. This aircraft component is
situated above each seat row in the overhead panel above the
passenger seats in the cabin of airliners. Amongst other things
a PSU contains reading lights, loudspeakers, illuminated signs
and automatically deployed oxygen masks and also louvers
providing conditioned air.
•Jump Seat :-The passenger cabin jump seats are used by the
cabin crew, especially during takeoff and landing. These jump
seats are normally located near to emergency exits so that
flight attendants can quickly open the exit door for an
emergency evacuation. The passenger cabin jump seats usually
fold out of the way when not in use to keep aisles, workspaces,
and emergency exits clear.

16. In the case of medical emergency of flight my role is to do
all the pre-flight checks related to emergencies and to co-
operate and co-ordinate with the other crew members to
deal with any situation. My role is to show quickness &
remain calm , composed & attentive during the flight. I
have to familiar with the rules an regulations of my whilst
when I am working. I should know the location & use of
all the emergency equipment's on board.
In AN MEDICAL EMERGENCY MY ROLE IS TO
GIVE FIRST-AID AND TAKE CARE OF THE PATIENT
DURING THE FLIGHT IF PATIENT IS SERIOUS

17. •Cause:
Asthma is a multi-factional disease which may be
triggered by allergy, exercise, cold air, smoke or
infection.
•Symptoms:
Severe shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, difficulty in breathing
Victim is usually anxious and is afraid he is suffocating. This tends to
prolong the attack.
•First Aid:
Victim usually has had attacks before and carry's his own medication
with him. Assist victim in taking his medication.
Administer low flow of oxygen .
Keep the casualty clam and reassure them.
Ask the patient to sit in a position that they find most comfortable,
often leaning forward with arms resting on the table or back of the

18. •Choosing seats with the smoothest ride in regards to pitch
(the seats over the wings in an airplane]
•Sitting facing forward while focusing on distant objects rather
than trying to read or look at something inside the airplane.
Eating dry crackers, olives or suck on a lemon, to dry out the
mouth, lessening nausea & providing a carbonated beverage.
in case of mild cases of motion sickness and before going for
small trips over the counter medication can be a very effective
preventive measure they are
Meclizine
Bonnie
Antivert
Dramamine

19. Do NOT let the casualty move unnecessarily, eat, drink, or
smoke.
DO NOT leave the casualty unattended. Reassure the
casualty constantly.
Treat any cause of shock which can be remedied (such as
external bleeding).
Lay the casualty down, keeping the head low.
Raise and support the casualty’s legs (be careful if
suspecting a fracture).
Loosen tight clothing, braces, straps or belts, in order to
reduce constriction at the neck, chest and waist.
Insulate the casualty from cold, both above and

20. Use blankets, pillows, sprints, or slings to
immobilize the injured area. Elevate if possible.
For added support, carefully wrap pillow around
fractured area and immobilize joints above and
below. Secure with gauze.
Never apply a splint or sling too tight on either
simple or compound fractures as circulation may be
impaired.

21. •Check the Face by asking the victim to smile. If one side of his
face sags, he may be having a stroke.
•Ask the victim to raise both of his Arms. If one arm begins to
droop down to the body's side, the victim may be having a stroke.
•Listen to the victim's Speech. He may be having a stroke if his
speech is slurred or unintelligible.
•Check to make sure the victim is breathing; if they are not, begin
CPR. If you do not know CPR, push on the victim’s chest at least
100 times per minute. The victim’s chest should be compressed by
at least two inches every time you press down.
•If the person is vomiting, position him on his side with his arm
under his head so that he doesn’t choke
•If the victim’s symptoms subside and he appears to be back to
normal, do not allow him to resume any normal activity. Keep him
comfortable in a prone position until help arrives. He may have

22. •Remain calm.
•Stay with person.
•Time seizure.
•Protect from injury.
•Roll into recovery position after jerking stops OR
immediately if vomited.
•Maintain privacy and dignity.
•Observe and reassure until recovered.
•Support head and protect airway as required.

23. Preparation for an Evacuation on Water :-In a prepared
ditching, the cabin, passengers and cabin crew preparation
involve the same procedures as with an emergency landing,
except for the following:-•Passenger should be informed over PA about the ditching
procedure
•Cabin crew should demonstrate the donning of life vests,
brace position, point out the exist, and finally, show the safety
instruction cards.
•Cabin crew should make sure that passengers have correctly
donned with life vests (including infant’s life vests), and
understand how to inflate them.
•Passengers should be reminded to inflate life vest only after
leaving the aircraft . The same basic rules apply for ditching as

24. Evacuation at Sea:-The following are suggested items
for the crew to consider when preparing to evacuate the
aircraft following a sea ditching:•Determine the water level outside the aircraft.
• Determine the water level inside the craft.
•If water level is close to the doorsill, slide/rafts can be detached
and moved to a useable exit.
•Non-overwater equipped aircraft should include the following
floatation equipment:
Crew life vests.
 Passenger seat cushions.
 Slide Raft.
• Partially overwater equipped aircraft should include the
following floatation equipment:
Crew life vests.
Passenger life vests.
Passenger seat cushions.

25. •If a bomb is found on the board in aircraft, assume you are
dealing with life device, than notify the captain immediately.
•The captain is in complete and full command. His judgment
and decisions are absolutely final.
•It is up to him weather the device should be lifted or kept
untouched. If it is left in place use the following procedure:
 Move passengers as far away from the device as early as
possible, if there are empty seats, readjust the seating.
Don’t cut any string or tape which is under tension.
Don’t open any close containers which are susceptible.•
 Don’t disconnect or cut any wire or electrical connections.•
Keep the device in the exact place and in the attitude in
which it is found. Stabilize it in this position so it will not be
able to move during descent.

26. Carefully pile blankets and pillows around the device.
Deplane passengers following the instruction of the captain.
Captain may return to base station or nearest destination. He
coordinates with the senior most or the ground staff after
landing.
 The aircraft will proceed in the remote area.
Follow bomb threat aircraft manicuring on ground
procedure.
Once off the aircraft, the crew members should not make
any statement to press. Crew and the passengers follow the
instructions of local authorities.

27. Welcoming the passenger

30. Business class passengers were served fruit juices, refreshing
drinks, coffee, tea, a range of beers, a wide selection of
international spirits and a carefully selected choice of wines.
In the economy class we offered fruit juices, refreshing drinks,
coffee and tea.
.We also serve chips and nuts.
A special menu containing elements of Asian cuisine was been
designed for the passengers. All the dishes were created after
consultation and cooperation with chefs and crew on boards.
Drinks on domestic flights
Passengers on domestic flight were served coffee and
tea. Occasionally, in the case of short flights, we served fruit juice
and water instead of tea and coffee.

35. May look physically fit but unable to look after themselves
independently.
Acceptance of Mentally challenged Passengers: Mentally
challenged passenger are not accepted without a suitable
attendant.
The trained attendant must carry the treating physician’s
certificate along with a prescription for an inject able sedative
medicine, which may be required to be administered by the
attendant, prior to commencement of travel or as may be
required en-route.
The attendant must be briefed that no Cabin Crew will be
specially assigned to look after the mentally retarded
passenger.
Mentally Challenged Pax
Boarded first
Deplaned last
May be accompanied by their relatives, doctor or
nurse
Seated close to the toilet
Diet should be checked

36. All stations must ensure availability of stretcher(s) the number
to be decided depending upon the quantum of traffic loads.
Stretchers and associated equipment like blankets, pillows,
sheets, etc. to be provided to passengers who can not use the
standard cabin seat in a sitting or reclining position on
payment of applicable tariff. When a passenger on stretcher or
otherwise is put on oxygen, smoking will be prohibited within
3.1 meters on ground.
A stretcher passenger is an ill/injured passenger who, because
of their physical or mental condition, can only travel on a
stretcher fitted in the aircraft. Medical clearance is required
from the Gulf Air Head of Medical Services, and can be
obtained through Gulf Air office in your city.
Stretchers can only be accommodated in the Economy cabin
Stretcher case Pax

37. Stretcher passengers are allowed 100 kg of free baggage
allowance. A qualified medical escort is required and must be
arranged for by the patient.
A qualified medical escort is required and must be arranged
by the patient or their guardian.
Cabin stretchers are installed above passenger seats. Such
stretchers are narrow and hard and are reserved for passengers
that are unable to travel in a seated position. Five safety belts,
including one body harness, must remain fastened at all times
during a flight. Location and orientation of the cabin stretcher
varies with aircraft. Cannot be used by those whose shoulder
width is under 34 cm.
Length approx. 180 cm Width approx. 40 cm Height approx.
96 cm






38. Oxygen Bottle
Fire Axe
Asbestos
Gloves

39. Megaphone
Smoke Hood

40. Oxygen Mask Life Jacket

41. Fire Extinguisher

42. A smoke hood is a protective device similar in concept to a gas mask. A
translucent airtight bag seals around the head of the wearer while an air
filter held in the mouth connects to the outside atmosphere and is used to
breathe. Smoke hoods are intended to protect victims of fire from the
effects of smoke inhalation.
High quality smoke hoods are generally constructed of heat resistant
material like Kapton, and can withstand relatively high temperatures.
The most important part of a smoke hood is the filter that provides
protection from the toxic by products of combustion. Virtually all smoke
hood designs utilize some form of activated charcoal filter and
particulate filter to screen out corrosive fumes like ammonia and
chlorine, as well as acid gases like hydrogen chloride and hydrogen
sulphide. The defining characteristic of an effective smoke hood is the
ability to convert deadly carbon monoxide to relatively harmless carbon
dioxide through a catalytic process.
Smoke hoods present on aircraft, also called Protective Breathing
Smoke Hood

43. Fire-fighter's axe or fire axe – It has a pick-shaped pointed
poll (area of the head opposite the cutting edge). It is often
decorated in vivid colours to make it easily visible during an
emergency. Its primary use is for breaking down doors and
windows.Asbestos is fire-resistant and also provides very effective
insulation. It was often used in the 20th century for many
purposes, including a variety of a construction materials and
protective clothing. Asbestos gloves were often used for
industrial purposes to protect the hands of workers from
extremely high temperatures. They were used in steel plants,
foundries and glassworks, and often by fire fighters as well
Fire
Axe
Asbestos
Gloves
An oxygen mask provides a method to transfer , breathing
oxygen gas from a storage tank to the lungs. Oxygen masks
may cover the nose and mouth (oral nasal
mask) or the entire face (full-face mask). They may be made
Oxygen Mask

44. A fire extinguisher or extinguisher, flame extinguisher is an
active fire protection device used to extinguish or control
small fires, often in emergency situations. It is not intended for
use on an out-of-control fire, such as one which has reached
the ceiling, endangers the user (i.e., no escape route, smoke,
explosion hazard, etc.), or otherwise requires the expertise of a
fire department. Typically, a fire extinguisher consists of a
hand-held cylindrical pressure vessel containing an agent
which can be discharged to extinguish a fire . There are types
of Fire Extinguisher:-Halon, Water
Fire
Extinguisher
A megaphone is a portable, usually hand-held, cone-shaped
horn used to amplify a person’s voice or other sounds towards a
targeted direction. This is accomplished by channelling the
sound through the megaphone, which also serves to match the
acoustic impedance of the voice cords to the air. The natural
human voice tends to spread evenly in all directions, whereas
when it is sent through a megaphone, the sound is concentrated
Megaphone

45. A lifejacket is a type of personal flotation device designed to
keep a person's airway clear of the water whether the wearer is
conscious or unconscious. They are either made from two
layers of bonded polyurethane to be inflated or from foam.
The inflatable lifejacket is probably the most widely used for
both leisure and commercial activities, while the foam
lifejacket is predominantly designed either for children, or for
emergency use
Life
Jacket
Distress radio beacons, also known as emergency beacons,
ELT or EPIRB, are tracking transmitters which aid in the
detection and location of boats, aircraft, and people in distress.
When manually activated, or automatically activated upon
immersion, such beacons send out a distress signal. The
signals are monitored worldwide and the location of the
distress is detected by non-geostationary satellites, and can be
ELT (Emergency Location Transmitte

46. Name of the
emergency
equipment
Parts of the
emergency
equipment
Preflight checks of the
emergency equipment
Usage of the
emergency
equipment
Smoke
hood
Mask Check the right location in
the cockpit
to protect the victim
from fire in the
effects of smoke
Fire axe Handle, hook, blade. Check the right location and
secured with straps.
Incase of fir or
during survival
incase of crash.
Asbestos
gloves
gloves Correct location in the
cockpit
To touch the hot
metals while
anything is in fire
Fire
extinguishe
r
It’s a red coloured
bottle strapped to
secure, safety pin,
handle, trigger,
nozzle
In correct location, secured
with straps, needle on the
pressure gauge should be
between 1500-2000tsi and
on the green band.
To extinguish the
fire.
Oxygen
mask
Gas pipe, mask,
elastic band
Check the right location in
the over head bin in the
cabin
During
decompression

47. Mega phone Push to talk button,
sling, speaker, handle.
Check the correct
location, secured with
straps, check the push
to talk button.
It is used for crowd
control
ELT(Emerge
ncy Locator
Transmitter
Antenna, lan yard, a
plastic cover and a
battery.
Check if it is in right
location and secured
with straps
To send rescue and
search signals used in
ditching and crash
landing
Life jacket Upper and lower
chamber, 2 red toggle,
inflation tubes, straps
around the waist.
It should be under
each passenger seats
& the spare ones in the
over head bin
Used in ditching

48. Conclusion:-
Any attempt any level cannot be satisfactorily
completed without the support and guidance of the
learned people. I would like to immense gratitude to
Mrs.Nausheen Khan for her constant support and
motivation that has encouraged me to come up with
the assignment .I am also thankful to all other
members of frankfinn and my Class mates who have
rendered their whole support to all time for the
successful completion of the assignment

49. Bibliography
www.google.com
www.travelbizmonitor.com
www.iata.org
www.pintrest.com
www.atsb.gov.au
www.wikipedia.org

50. Thank
You…