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談照相手機應有的修養
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介紹照相手機的歷史、發展與功能特色。
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談照相手機應有的修養
1.
談照相手機應有的修養 2017.02.10 Harry Lin
2.
Sharp J-SH04 第一款商業化照相手機 • 由夏普公司在2000年11月 所製造的11萬畫素J-Phone •
使用CMOS的感光元件,因 為CMOS能夠比當時數位相 機所用的CCD影像感光模組 更省電 • 事實上目前已有90%以上的 照相手機,都是採用CMOS 為感光模組
3.
歷史上的照相手機 •照相手機銷售 量超越數位相 機 2003年 •首支光學變焦: Sharp V602SH, 為200萬畫素 CCD 2004 年6 月30
日 •Nokia成為全球 最會賣照相手 機的廠商 2005年 •照相手機數量 超過一般的手 機 2006年 •3D雙鏡頭: Sharp SH-12c/ LG Optimus 3D /hTC EVO 3D 2009年 •全球照相手機 累計總數超過 10億支 2010年
4.
• 首支千萬畫素光學 變焦: Altek華晶 科A14,1400萬畫 素3倍光學變焦 2010
年5 月 •畫素最高:Nokia 808 PureView, 4100萬畫素具備 超取樣技術 2012年 • UltraPixel感光 元件:hTC One (M7), 400萬畫素 2013 年3 月29 日 • 首支景深雙鏡 頭:hTC One M8 2014年 • 10倍光學變焦: Samsung Galaxy K Zoom,2070萬畫 素 2014 年6 月
5.
照相手機 v.s. 傻瓜相機 使用定焦鏡 頭 較小的感光 元件 無實體按鍵 電子式快門 使用LED補光 燈 無三腳架支 點和閃光燈 插座 連網能力與 地理定位
6.
選購的考量點 • 值愈高畫質愈佳。感光元件是關鍵像素亮度µm • 值愈小景深愈短光圈Aperture •
CDAF/PDAF/LDAF/EDoF對焦技術 • 愈小視野愈大焦距長度Focal Length • OIS/EIS影像穩定技術Image Stabilization • 重要但非絕對畫素值Mega Counts • 快門速度/ISO/曝光值/焦距手動調整Manual Adjustments • 美顏影像特效Effects
7.
畫素真的很重要嗎? Galaxy S Galaxy
S II Galaxy S III Galaxy S4 Galaxy S5 Galaxy S6 Galaxy S7 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 5M 8M 8M 13M 16M 16M 12M +3M - +7M +3M - -4M
8.
畫素真的很重要嗎?iPhone 6 v.s.
6S • iSight鏡頭解析度提高了50%,由800萬畫素達到1200萬畫 素 但是… • iPhone 6是1.5µ,iPhone 6S則變成1.22µ,因為畫素提昇但 感光元件的尺寸卻維持不變 • 畫素的尺寸所直接影響的,則是畫質 • 所以Apple在 iPhone 6s 的相機感光元件上做了改善,讓相 近的像素收集到的光不會互相影響,同時間增加去除雜訊 的效能
9.
畫素真的很重要嗎? • 所以,關鍵在於進光量與感光技術 21M 13M
10.
光圈 v.s. 景深 拍人像時特別有用
11.
大光圈散景(Bokeh)
12.
對焦技術 隨手拍的關鍵拍小孩好用 技術 原理 優點
缺點 CDAF 反差對焦 對焦的過程就是通過移動鏡片來 使對焦區域的圖像達到最清晰的 過程 對焦精確,對環境適應 力強 速度較慢,畫面前後反 覆拉動 PDAF 相位對焦 單眼相機普遍採用相位對焦系統, 感測器分別對場景中的物體進行 進光量檢測,迅速找出準確的對 焦點,之後步進馬達便會一次性 將鏡片推動到相對位置完成對焦 對焦速度快 對環境光線要求較高, 弱光環境時對焦速度一 般 LDAF 雷射對焦 實際上為紅外線,感測器發射光 線,反射後經感測器接收並計算 出距離,之後步進馬達便直接將 鏡片推到相對位置完成對焦 成功率高,尤其是弱光 環境和紋理不明顯的純 色環境適應力強 具線性特性,近距特寫 時對焦能力弱
13.
影像穩定系統 專治手殘有利夜拍 EIS Electric Image Stabilization,電子防手 震 利用偵測到機身抖動的程度來動態調整ISO、快門或軟體,來達成模糊修正 OIS Optical Image
Stabilization, 光學防手震 OIS是靠移動內置的鏡片或感光元件,對相機水平/上下/傾斜的情形進行反 向修正 LG G2 OIS Test 錄影時更有用
14.
PhoneArena 規格比較 主鏡頭 12 MP,
f/1.7, 26mm, phase detection autofocus, OIS, LED flash 12 MP, f/1.8, 28mm, phase detection autofocus, OIS, quad-LED (dual tone) flash 特色 1/2.5" sensor size, 1.4 µm pixel size, geo-tagging, simultaneous 4K video and 9MP image recording, touch focus, face/smile detection, Auto HDR, panorama 1/3" sensor size, geo-tagging, simultaneous 4K video and 8MP image recording, touch focus, face/smile detection, HDR (photo/panorama) 視訊 2160p@30fps, 1080p@60fps, 720p@240fps, HDR, dual- video rec. 2160p@30fps, 1080p@30/60/120fps, 720p@240fps 自拍鏡 5 MP, 1/4.1" sensor size, 1.34 µm pixel size, f/1.7, 22mm, dual video call, Auto HDR 7 MP, f/2.2, 32mm, 1080p@30fps, 720p@240fps, face detection, HDR, panorama
15.
DxOMark 照相手機評比 Exposure and contrast 曝光與對比 Color
色彩 Autofocus 自動對焦 Texture 細節 Noise 噪點 Artifacts 人工化 Flash 閃光燈
16.
DxOMark 成績列表
17.
相機玩家 • hTC 10 色彩玩家 •
Sony Xperia XZ 隨手即拍 • Samsung Galaxy S7 edge 自然隨性 • iPhone 7 Plus Choices?
18.
照相手機未來的走向 多鏡頭 • 景深效果(hTC M8) •
增大進光量(華為 Honor 6 Plus) • 雙焦鏡頭(LG G5/ iPhone 7 Plus) 感光技術 • UltraPixel (hTC) • PixelMaster (ASUS) • ClearPixel (MOTO) • Dual Pixel (Samsung)
19.
照相手機概念股 • 鏡頭 – 大立光/玉晶光/光燿科 •
感光元件 – 尚立/原相 • 影像處理器 – 華晶科/聯發科 • MEMS元件
20.
Apple iPhone 7
21.
Google Pixel
22.
附錄一:Exif • 可交換圖檔格式常被簡稱為Exif(Exchangeable image
file format), 是專門為數位相機的相片設定的,可以記錄數位相片的屬性資訊和拍 攝資料
23.
附錄二:畫素真的很重要嗎?感光元件尺寸比一比
24.
附錄三:手機照相模組CCM
25.
以上分享 謝謝聆聽 資料來源:各資訊媒體、網路搜尋、親身體驗