A TECHNO-MANAGERIAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION

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2.  INTRODUCTION
 PROBLEMS IN THE CONSTRUCTON INDUSTRY
 THREE COMPONENTS
 PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION
 BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING
 MITBIMP
 CASE STUDY
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCE
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3.  The world population is growing at an alarming rate, apparently
increasing the demand for shelter in terms of houses, public
utility centres, industries etc.
 Increasing demand has led to the development of smarter and
innovative technologies.
 Computer Aided Design has completely took control over the
designing process, which has led to the development of cutting
edge technologies.
 Building Information Modelling enabled with Internet of things is
one such technology which has created a revolution in
theArchitecture Enggineeering and Construction( AEC) industry,
enabling the smartest quickest and sustainable development of
projects.
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4.  30% of projects do not meet original program or
budget
 92% of clients said that the designers drawing are
typically not sufficient for construction
 37% of materials used in construction site becomes
waste
 10% of the cost of a project is typically due to
change orders
 38% of carbon emissions are from buildings not
cars
 Severe dust pollution
 Less availability of labours
Source: CMMA Industry Economiic
Magazine 4

5. PREFABRICATION
BUILDING INFORMATION
MODELLING
INTERNET OF THINGS
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6.  Practice of manufacturing the components of a
structure in a factory and transporting complete or
semi-complete assemblies to the construction site .
 enables the fastest development of construction
projects in the most economical and sustainable way.
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7. Prefabricated modular construction
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8. ASSEMBLING OF THE MODULAR UNITS
Industrial production units
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9.  Quick development of projects.
 Less amount of space required.
 Lesser amount of waste generation.
 Lesser traffic congestion.
 Energy conservation.
 Better quality control due to industrialised production.
 Less amount of pollution due to dust and noise than in-
situ construction.
 Less amount of labours.
 Less amount of scaffoldings are required.
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10. MINI SKY CITY
57 STOREY BUILDING BUILT
IN 19 DAYS
CENTRAL CHINA
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INSATACON
CONSTRUCTED IN 48 HRS IN
MOHALI INDIA (10 STORIES)

11.  It is an accurate virtual model of a building is digitally
constructed.
 It helps to visualize what is to be built in a simulated
environment to identify any potential design,
construction, or operational issues.
 plays an important role in supporting prefabrication-
based construction due to its powerful management of
physical and functional digital presentations.
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12.  Better and effective communication with stakeholders
regarding goals and requirements of a project.
 Better depiction of reality using model makes easier to
understand and see the consequences of decisions that
are made in pre-construction phase.
 Reduced number of change orders, conflict and request
for information.
 Clash detection of different systems at design stage.
 Error less, reliable and coordinated design and drawings.
 Construction site can be effectively managed using
visualization.
 Crane location and operation can be visualized early.
 Logistic organization can be planned better.
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13. Light analysis using BIM Wind Analysis usin BIM
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14. detection of clashes
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15.  Data collection from prefabrication manufacturing to on-
site construction uses paper-based manual operations,
thus captured data are prone to be incomplete, inaccurate
and inadequate.
 Information sharing between different parties is confined
due to the adoption of traditional methods of
communication such as e-mail, phone calls and fax. Lost
information, ineffective communication and risk aversion
are common in construction project.
 Delay in the procurement of real time information such as
the status of pre-cast components, delivery progress, and
the location of components due to manual input
operations so that gaps among involved parties exist,
casing poor visibility and traceability.
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16.  Adding new features into BIM we can make it into a
multidimensional system, the other dimensions being
time, cost or any other such additional information.
 Internet of Things, with Radio Frequency Identification
(RFID) is used to facilitate supply chain management,
safety management, facility management and activity
monitoring.
 Laser scanning has been proposed for collecting
geometric and spatial data for BIM.
 Sensors for temperature, force, and positioning have also
been used to collect real time information for better
construction.
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17.  Multidimensional BIM platform came into picture when
the conventional BIM was largely disconnected from the
real life physical building throughout the life cycle.
 Manually updating information in a BIM in line with the
physical building process has been found to be
interruptive, tedious time consuming and error prone.
 A conceptual frame work has been developed for
information sharing with the help of Internet of Things.
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19. I. Prefabrication production services
II. Prefabrication logistic services
III. Prefabricated on site assembly services
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20. Production Planning Service
The purpose is to select and translate a set of to- be-fabricated
components from BIM software into a required format for
prefabrication firms and to generate standardized production
orders.
Production scheduling service
The purpose of the production scheduling service is for
schedulers/supervisors in prefabrication firms to decide who is to
do what with which module.
It uses Hybrid Flow Shop or Job-Shop scheduling models.
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21. Internal logistic service
The purpose of internal logistic service is to arrange materials and
facilities for prefabrication production.
It uses graphic based algorithms to work out optimal solutions.
Based on the data, supervisors can clearly monitor the inventory
and make decision on whether certain material needs to be
topped up and how much should be purchased.
Production Execution Service
The purpose of production execution service is for facilitating and
executing production process. Key users are operators and
planners.
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22.  Responsible for managing and controlling
prefabrication logistics from production sites to the
final destination.
 They use special algorithms to achieve this task,
enabling the BIM to track the progress of prefabricated
components moving between the casting yards and the
site.
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23. Transportation planning and scheduling service
Helps to make optimal decisions related to the delivery of
precast components.
Once the precast components are finished, the
prefabrication production service will trigger the logistics
tasks, which are synchronized with BIM.
Real time transportation monitoring service
Tracks the current status and location of prefabricated
components throughout the logistics and supply chain by
using RFID and GPS technologies
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24. Responsible for the various operations associated with the assembly
of prefabricated components in the site.
Real time supervision service
To monitor the status of workers, machines and materials on the
construction sites.
It provides a n-dimensions virtual presentation of the current status
of project and enables all the stake holders to take timely decisions.
Data feedback service
Report the current on site situation to different involved parties and
other interested associations.
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25.  A real-life case study from a prefabrication-
based construction project in Hong Kong is
used to demonstrate the necessity and
usefulness of the developed MITBIMP.
Difficulties in implementing such a system in
the case project are also discussed.
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26.  It was unclear how to pass the design information
to the manufacturers without any ambiguity.
 Extremely difficult for both the client and
suppliers/manufactures to handle the ordering
information automatically.
 Embedding design information into the
prefabrication components for further use was also
a challenge
 Components might be mistakenly delivered to
other construction sites causing a serious delay to
the project.
 Decision-making in prefabrication manufacturing
was based on untimed and inaccurate data, and
rule of thumb. Communication was carried out by
traditional means, such as phone and fax.
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27.  The system was redesigned based on the requirements to
automatically collect information, be compatible with existing
systems, and provide cloud services.
 The data required by the factory and those exchanged with other
stakeholders has become more accurate and reliable.
 The ability of responding to design and job plan changes are much
stronger.
 The management of the factory has become more efficient due to
real-time information sharing.
 Construction resources are optimized as a result of decision
making based on real time data from the production sites.
 Cross-border logistics has also been improved.
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28.  Reduction in 48.3% of paper work
 Producction lifecycle enhaned by 40%
 Assembly time improved by 6.67%
 Time costs on locating and order picking
improved by 31.25%
DIFFICULTIES:
 Lack of network in tunnels
 RFID tags getting damaged
 Replacement of defective components
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29.  In order to keep pace with the ever-growing construction
industry we need most advanced, efficient, smarter and
sustainable methodology of construction, prefabricated
construction enabled by Internet of Things is one such
technology
 The Building Information Modelling enabled by Internet of
Things helped to achieve real-time visibility and traceability of
the construction projects by creating a smart construction
environment
 By integrating industrial standards and using Big date analysis
we can further improve the efficiency
 Therefore we can conclude that prefabricated construction
enabled by Internet of Things is a technology for the future and
an area of potential research
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30.  1.Chen K, Lu W, Peng Y , S Rowlinson , Huang G Q, “Bridging
BIM and building: From a literature review to an integrated
conceptual framework”, International Journal of Project
Management (2015).
 Lee J H , Song J H , Oh K S, Ning Gu,” Information lifecycle
management with RFID for material control on construction
sites”, Advanced Engineering Informatics 27 (2013) 108–119
 Yuhan Niu, Weisheng Lu, Ke Chen, George G. Huang, and
Chimay Anumba, “Smart Construction Objects” , Journal of
Computing in Civil Engineering, ASCE, ISSN 0887-3801
(2015).
 Zhong R Y, Peng Y, Xue F , Fang J , Zou W , Luo H, S. Thomas
N, Lu W, Geoffrey Q.P. Shen, George Q.H, “Prefabricated
construction enabled by the Internet-of-Things”, Automation
in Construction 76 (2017) 59–70
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