2. What is Assertiveness
Express your views clearly and articulately
without being aggressive.
Give other people an opportunity to express
their opinions letting them dominate a
conversation
Having the courage to express your own
feelings and thoughts when its appropriate.
It is a communication style that can be
useful in job or academic interviews,
presentations, public speaking etc
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3. Benefits of being Assertive
Feeling More
confident
Being able to relax
more
Having greater
awareness of own
needs and a greater
ability to meet them.
Being able to create
personal and
professional goals
instead of putting
everyone else first or
getting distracted.
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4. Rights and Responsibilities
The fist three principles
are expressed as Rights.
The fourth principle is
expressed as
Responsibility.
•The right to express your
feelings and opinions.
•You are entitled to express your
feelings and opinion in a
reasonable manner
•Other people are entitled to
express their feelings and
opinions in a reasonable manner
and to be treated with respect.
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5. 2.
The
right
to say
“No”
• You can say No if
you are asked to
do something and
you don’t want to
do.
• Other people are
entitled to say
“No” sometimes if
you ask them to
do something
they do no want
to do.
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3. The
right to
make
mistakes
• Its Ok to
make
mistakes.
No one is
perfect.
• Its ok for
others to
make
mistakes.
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4. The
responsibil
ity for
making
decisions
• You are
responsible for
making your
decisions – other
people do not
need to take
responsibility for
your life.
• other people are
responsible for
making their own
decisions- you do
not need to take
responsibility for
their lives.
8. Effective Communication
Listening effectively: There are many reasons why
listening effectively can help you to express yourself
and be more effective in getting across your view points
and wishes.
Ingredients of Good Listening:
a. Giving your full attention.
b. Focusing on what the other person is saying.
c. Ask appropriate questions
d. Commenting on what they are saying in a constructive
and positive way.
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9. Three Core listening skills
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• e.g. Ever since I
had the accident
I had found I
need much more
sleep.
• Paraphrase: The
accident had left
you tired.
Paraphrasing
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• Feeding back the main
points in what
someone has said.
• E.g. Take a left from
the signal and then
take right from the hill.
• Summarizing: Left
through the signal and
down the hill then
right.
Summarizing
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• Showing that you
understand the
significance of what
someone is saying to you
• E.g. when my kids went to
university I spent a lot of
day not knowing what to
do and tried getting on the
routine tasks.
• Reflecting: when children
went to university it left a
gap in your life.
Reflecting
12. Types of Assertiveness
Non-assertive behaviour
I am not ok,you are ok
Assertive behaviour
I am ok,you are ok
Aggresive behaviour
I am ok,you are not ok
Manipulative behaviour
I am not ok,you are not ok
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15. Negative attitude and passive
behaviour
Lack of self confidence and low self
esteem
Lack of self respect
Self putdowns
Negative feelings and thoughts about
yourself
Feeliings of inferiority compared to
others
Like others to be in control of people and
situations
Feel guilty towards others
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16. Negative attitude and
aggressive behaviour
Lack of self confidence and low self
esteem
Lack of respect towards others
Put others down
Feelings of superiority
Like to be in control of people and
situations
Disinterested in others’ thoughts and
feelings
Feel angry towards others and are quick
to blame them
Don’t listen to or ask questions
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17. Negative attitude and
manipulative behaviour
Lack of self confidence and low self
esteem
Lack of self respect and lack of respect
for others
Mistrustful and suspicious of others’
motives
Negative feelings and thoughts about
self and others
Feel very wary towards others
Dishonest and indirect
Twist what others have said
Undermine others’ self esteem
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18. Positive attitude and
Assertiveness
Self confidence and high self esteem
Respect for self and towards others
Take responsibility for self
Motivated to do a good job
İnterested in others’ feelings and
thoughts
Ask questions
Honest and direct
Listen to others
Ask others for feedback
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20. How to Develop a
Conversation
• Build positive relationship
• Note that 30% of our communication is
verbal, while 70% is non-verbal
• Develop non-verbal assertive behaviours.
These are about your voice tone, gestures,
eye contact, facial expression & posture
(“social signalling”)
• Non-verbal behaviours definitely influence
your impact on others
• For example; look directly at another person
when addressing them
Create an environment of mutual interest
and respect
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21. Expressing yourself
Taking ownership of your thoughts feelings and
opinions
Assertive body language
Expressing criticism
Being clear about your needs & rights, asking for
what you want, saying no to what you don’t want
Using direct, open & honest communication,
taking responsibility, respecting others & not
violating their rights
Others will feel comfortable, know where you
stand & respect you for your honesty
Your needs get met, you experience less stress
& more satisfaction with life in general
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22. The skills of helping the person to commit to
changing his/her behaviour from non-assertive to
assertive.
You will need action planning skills at this stage of
the counselling process.In particular, you need to
help the person set clear objectives;a mnemonic
which can be useful is SMART.
This stands for:
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Time oriented
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23. Problems in Assertiveness
Training
The first major problem for assertion
training involves negative evaluations of
assertive people by others
Confusion between assertion and
aggression
Problem involves transfer of training,the
difficulty experienced by trainees in
generalising assertive from the training
context to real-life situations
Finally some of the difficulties in applying
assertion training outside the training
context may be due to intuitive training
procedures that are inadequately based
in research
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24. At the end….
Assertiveness is really about
Knowing what isn’t & what is assertive
communication, and what it will & will not do
Ceasing opportunities to be more assertive
Recognising the value in being assertive
Increasing the prospect of your rights,
feelings, needs & wants being met
In all ….
Assertiveness contributes to your academic
success, and it helps fulfil your career & life
ambitions
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