#Diabetes #Classification of Diabetes #Effects of Diabetes #According to WHO in 2019 #History of Diabetes #Role of insulin #Management of Diabetes #Management Program of Diabetes #Future Perspective

1. Diabetes mellitus-a
devastating
metabolic disorder

2. Diabetes Mellitus is a
combination of
heterogeneous disorder
which occurs due to
hyperglycemia and
glucose intolerance ,as
a result of lack of
insulin, defective insulin
action or both.

3. Classification of
DM
1.Type 1 diabetes
2.Type 2 diabetes
3.Gestational
diabetes
4.Some other
specific types.

4. Effects of
Diabetes
• Organ failure,
• Retinopathy,
• Nephropathy,
• Neuropathy,
• Destruction of β-
cells
• Lowered sensitivity
of insulin action

5. According to WHO in 2019

6. Etymology
• Diabetes comes from a Greek derivative
meaning “to pass through a siphon”.
• Word mellitus comes from a Latin derivative
meaning “sweetened with honey”.
• Combining the words diabetes and mellitus
literally means “sugar passing through the
body”.

7. History
Role of pancreas discovered in 1889 by
Joseph Von Mering and Oskar Minkowski.

8. Name of Insulin
Proposed by
Sir Edward Albert
Sharpery-Schafer
in 1910

9. Distinction
between type
1 and type 2
was done in
1935 by Sir
Harold
Percival.

10. Role of insulin
Basic function is to promote synthesis of
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and
nucleic acids.
It helps control blood glucose levels by
signaling the liver and muscle and fat cells to
take in glucose from the blood.
It helps cells to take in glucose to be used
for energy.
If the body has sufficient energy
insulin signals the liver to take up glucose
and store it as glycogen.

11. Management of Diabetes Mellitus

12. Management Program of DM

13. Future Perspective
Focus on diabetic gene therapies
Cloning of insulin gene
New Treatment strategies for
normoglycemia of type 2
Synthetic insulin with rapid action
Optimization of Life style management