SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 32
Download to read offline
Colon – Specific Drug Delivery
System
By
Dipanjoy Ghosh
1
Colon – Specific Drug Delivery System
2
•Introduction
•Anatomy & Physiology of Colon
•Factors governing the colon drug delivery
•Advantages
•Pharmaceutical Approaches for Targeting Drugs to Colon
•Platform Technologies for CTDDS
•Evaluation
•Conclusion
CONTENTS
3
YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES AND IN VITRO/IN
VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15.
Introduction:
 Colon as a site for drug delivery.
The site specific delivery of drugs to lower parts of the GIT is advantage
for localized treatment of several colonic diseases(IDB).
The CDDS drug release and absorption should not occur in the stomach
as well as small intestine, but only released and absorbed once the system
reaches to the colon.
4
AIEDEH K, TAHA MO. SYNTHESIS OF CHITOSAN SUCCINATE AND CHITOSAN PHTHALATE AND THEIR EVALUATION AS SUGGESTED MATRICES IN ORALLY
ADMINISTERED COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM. ARCH PHARMACOL RES 1999;332:103-7
Ensure direct treatment at the disease site.
Lower dosing and less side effects.
Beneficial in the treatment of colon diseases.
Suitable absorption site for protein and peptide drugs.
Used to prolong the drug therapy.
Why is CDDS needed?
5
TORTORA, GERARD J., AND BRYAN H. DERRICKSON. PRINCIPLES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. JOHN
WILEY & SONS, 2008.
GIT:
•Stomach
•Small intestine
•Large intestine
COLON:
Colon
 Rectum
 Anal canal
Colon consists:
• Cecum
• Ascending colon
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon
• Sigmoid colon
Anatomy & Physiology of Colon
Fig.1 Anatomy of Colon 6
CORNES, J. S. "NUMBER, SIZE, AND DISTRIBUTION OF PEYER'S PATCHES IN THE HUMAN SMALL INTESTINE: PART I THE
DEVELOPMENT OF PEYER'S PATCHES." GUT 6.3 (1965): 225.
7
MARTINEZ, MARILYN N., AND GORDON L. AMIDON. "A MECHANISTIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE FACTORS AFFECTING
DRUG ABSORPTION: A REVIEW OF FUNDAMENTALS." THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 42.6 (2002): 620-643.
Gastrointestinal transit
Small intestinal transit
Colonic transit
Gastric emptying
Stomach and intestinal pH
Colonic micro flora and enzymes
Factors governing the colon drug delivery
8
pH of GIT:
LOCATION Ph
1.STOMACH:
Fasted
Fed
1.5-2.0
3.0-5.0
5.0-6.5
2.SMALL INTESTINE:
Jejunum
Ileum
6.0-7.5
6.4
6.7-7.3
3.LARGE INTESTINE:
Right colon
Mid colon
Left colon
6.5-7.0
6.6-7.0
6.6
7.0
MASTIHOLIMATH, V. S., ET AL. "TIME AND PH DEPENDENT COLON SPECIFIC, PULSATILE DELIVERY OF THEOPHYLLINE FOR
NOCTURNALASTHMA." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 328.1 (2007): 49-56.
9
YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES
AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15.
Advantages
Drugs are directly available at the target site.
Comparatively lesser amount of required dose.
Decreased side effects.
Improved drug utilization.
10
CHOURASIA, M. K., AND S. K. JAIN. "PHARMACEUTICAL APPROACHES TO COLON TARGETED DRUG
DELIVERY SYSTEMS." J PHARM PHARM SCI 6.1 (2003): 33-66.
pH sensitive systems
Microbially triggered system
 Prodrugs
 Polysaccharide based systems
Timed release systems
Osmotically controlled drug delivery systems
Pressure dependent release systems
PharmaceuticalApproaches for Targeting Drugs to Colon
11
MAKHLOF, ABDALLAH, YUICHI TOZUKA, AND HIROFUMI TAKEUCHI. "PH-SENSITIVE NANOSPHERES FOR COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG
DELIVERY IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED COLITIS RAT MODEL." EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND
BIOPHARMACEUTICS 72.1 (2009): 1-8.
Solid formulations for colonic delivery that are based on
pH-dependent drug release mechanism are similar to
conventional enteric-coated formulations.
Utilize enteric polymers that have relatively higher
threshold pH for dissolution.
pH sensitive systems
12
Mechanism of action
MAKHLOF, ABDALLAH, YUICHI TOZUKA, AND HIROFUMI TAKEUCHI. "PH-SENSITIVE NANOSPHERES FOR COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG
DELIVERY IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED COLITIS RAT MODEL." EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND
BIOPHARMACEUTICS 72.1 (2009): 1-8.
13
SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "MICROBIALLY TRIGGERED DRUG DELIVERY TO THE
COLON." EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 18.1 (2003): 3-18.
Microbially Triggered Systems
Bacterial count in the colon is much higher
around 1011-1012 CFU/ml.
 400 species
 Fundamentally anaerobic in nature.
 Predominant species: Bacteroides,
Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium.
14
ANDROUTSOPOULOS, VASILIS P., ET AL. "EXPRESSION PROFILE OF CYP1A1 AND CYP1B1 ENZYMES IN
COLON AND BLADDER TUMORS." PLOS ONE 8.12 (2013): E82487.
Major metabolic processes occurring in the colon are hydrolysis and
reduction
Enzymes in Colon
Reducing enzymes Hydrolytic enzymes
 Nitroreductase Esterases
 Azoreductase Amidases
 N-oxide reductase Glycosidases
 Sulphoxide reductase Glucuronidase
 Hydrogenase Sulfatase
 Azoreductases, which reduces azo-bonds selectively and
 Polysaccharidases which degrades the polysaccharides
. 15
MOOTER, G., ET AL. "USE OF AZO POLYMERS FOR COLON‐SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY." JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 86.12 (1997): 1321-1327.
Azobond prodrugs
Hydrolysis of sulphasalazine (i) into 5-aminosalicylic acid (ii) and
sulfapyridine (iii).
16
SETCHELL, KENNETH DR. "ABSORPTION AND METABOLISM OF SOY ISOFLAVONES—FROM FOOD TO DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS AND ADULTS TO INFANTS." THE JOURNAL OF NUTRITION130.3 (2000): 654S-655S.
Glycoside conjugates
17
SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG
DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38.
Enteric-coated polysaccharide matrix
Fig.3. Steps of Enteric-coated polysaccharide matrix
18
Compression Coated Tablets
SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG
DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38.
Fig.4. Steps in Enteric-coated polysaccharide matrix
19
Mixed Film Coated Tablets
SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG
DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38.
Fig.5. Enteric-coated polysaccharide matrix
20
Timed Release Systems
 Releases the drug after a predetermined lag time
The lag time usually starts after gastric emptying because most of the
time- controlled formulations are enteric coated
Drug release from these systems is not pH dependent
SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG
DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38.
21
EVANS, D. F., ET AL. "MEASUREMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL PH PROFILES IN NORMAL AMBULANT
HUMAN SUBJECTS." GUT 29.8 (1988): 1035-1041.
22
Osmotically Controlled Drug Delivery Systems
Depend up on the osmotic pressure exerted by Depend
osmogen on drug compartment with which though drug get released
slowly though the orifice
Rigid semi permeable membrane
Osmotic agent layer
Delivery port
Fluid to be pumped
BINDSCHAEDLER, C., R. GURNY, AND E. DOELKER. "OSMOTICALLY CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS PRODUCED
FROM ORGANIC SOLUTIONS AND AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS OF CELLULOSE ACETATE." JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED
RELEASE 4.3 (1986): 203-212.
Fig.6. Osmotically Controlled Drug Delivery Systems
23
Platform Technologies for CTDDS
•PULSINCAP
•OROS-CT
•CODESTM
•CHRONOTROPIC® SYSTEM
ANKUSH, SHARMA, KANWAR KAPIL, AND SINGH AMRITPAL. "A REVIEW ON NOVEL APPROACHES FOR COLON TARGETED DRUG
DELIVERY SYSTEM." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL, CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 4.2 (2014).
24
SAEGER, H., AND VIRLEY P. PULSINCAP. "MAC226: PULSED-RELEASE DOSAGE FORM." SCHERER DDS,
LTD (2004).
PULSINCAP
Fig.7 PULSINCAP 25
OROS-CT
PHILIP, ANIL K., AND BETTY PHILIP. "COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A REVIEW ON
PRIMARYAND NOVEL APPROACHES." OMAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 25.2 (2010): 79.
Fig. 8. OROS-CT
26
CODESTM
DEY, SOMDIP. "SD-EQR: A NEW TECHNIQUE TO USE QR CODESTM IN CRYPTOGRAPHY." ARXIV PREPRINT
ARXIV:1205.4829 (2012).
Fig. 9. CODESTM 27
CHRONOTROPIC® SYSTEM
Drug containing core
HPMC Coat
Enteric coat
SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG
DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38.
Fig. 10 CHRONOTROPIC®
SYSTEM
28
Evaluation
Invitro models
Invitro test for intactness of coating and carriers in simulated conditions of
stomach and intestine
step1
Drug release study in 0.1N HCL for 2 hours (mean gastric emptying)
step 2
Drug release study in phosphate buffer for 3 hours (mean small intestine
transit time)
YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES
AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15.
29
In vitro enzymatic degradation test
Method 1:
Drug release in buffer medium containing enzymes(e.g.pectinase,
dextranase) or rat or guinea pig or rabbit decal contents
Amount of drug release in particular time directly proportional to the rate of
degradation of polymer carrier.
Method 2:
Incubating carrier drug system in fermenter
Suitable medium containing colonic bacteria (streptococcus faecium or B.ovatus)
Amount of drug released at different time intervels determined.
YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES
AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15.
30
Conclusion
The colonic region of the GIT has become an increasingly important
site for drug delivery and absorption.
CDDS offers therapeutic benefits to patients in both local and systemic
treatment.
Systems utilize natural materials that are degraded by colonic bacterial
enzymes.
Colon provides favorable factors and conditions for designing of
delivery systems.
High commercial viability. Increasing number of international patents
and research work in this particular mode of drug delivery itself shows
its potential for pharmaceutical market.
YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES
AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15.
31
THANKYOU
32

More Related Content

What's hot

''Pharmaceutical Approaches to colon Targeted Drug Delivery system'', Present...
''Pharmaceutical Approaches to colon Targeted Drug Delivery system'', Present...''Pharmaceutical Approaches to colon Targeted Drug Delivery system'', Present...
''Pharmaceutical Approaches to colon Targeted Drug Delivery system'', Present...Raj Aryan
 
Colon drug delivery system ppt
Colon drug delivery system pptColon drug delivery system ppt
Colon drug delivery system pptMujeeb Rehman
 
colon targetting
colon targettingcolon targetting
colon targettingROHIT
 
Colon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug deliveryColon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug deliveryPrachi Joshi
 
A REVIEW ON COLON TARGATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
A REVIEW ON COLON TARGATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMA REVIEW ON COLON TARGATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
A REVIEW ON COLON TARGATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMMallikarjuna Mocharlla
 
FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ...
FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ...FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ...
FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ...alok prakash kar
 
Colon specific drug delivery system approaches and application
Colon specific drug delivery system approaches and applicationColon specific drug delivery system approaches and application
Colon specific drug delivery system approaches and applicationTukaram Patil
 
Colon Specefic Drug Delivery System
Colon Specefic Drug Delivery SystemColon Specefic Drug Delivery System
Colon Specefic Drug Delivery SystemAPCER Life Sciences
 
RECENT ADVANCES IN COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY
RECENT  ADVANCES  IN   COLON TARGETED  DRUG  DELIVERYRECENT  ADVANCES  IN   COLON TARGETED  DRUG  DELIVERY
RECENT ADVANCES IN COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERYVarun Girme
 
Colonic Drug Deliverey System
Colonic Drug Deliverey SystemColonic Drug Deliverey System
Colonic Drug Deliverey SystemAnjali9410
 
Colon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug deliveryColon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug deliveryTriveniPatil4
 
Colon targeted nisarg
Colon targeted nisargColon targeted nisarg
Colon targeted nisargPATEL NISARG
 
DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB USING PU...
DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG  DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB USING  PU...DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG  DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB USING  PU...
DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB USING PU...Lakshmi
 
Pulsatile drug delivery systems presentation
Pulsatile drug delivery systems presentationPulsatile drug delivery systems presentation
Pulsatile drug delivery systems presentationchiranjibi68
 
Hydrodynamically balanced systems
Hydrodynamically balanced systemsHydrodynamically balanced systems
Hydrodynamically balanced systemsNikhil Bhandiwad
 
Gastroretentive drug delivery system by mali vv
Gastroretentive drug delivery system by mali vvGastroretentive drug delivery system by mali vv
Gastroretentive drug delivery system by mali vvVidhyaMali1
 

What's hot (20)

''Pharmaceutical Approaches to colon Targeted Drug Delivery system'', Present...
''Pharmaceutical Approaches to colon Targeted Drug Delivery system'', Present...''Pharmaceutical Approaches to colon Targeted Drug Delivery system'', Present...
''Pharmaceutical Approaches to colon Targeted Drug Delivery system'', Present...
 
Colon drug delivery system ppt
Colon drug delivery system pptColon drug delivery system ppt
Colon drug delivery system ppt
 
colon targetting
colon targettingcolon targetting
colon targetting
 
Colon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug deliveryColon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug delivery
 
Colon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug deliveryColon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug delivery
 
A REVIEW ON COLON TARGATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
A REVIEW ON COLON TARGATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMA REVIEW ON COLON TARGATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
A REVIEW ON COLON TARGATED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
 
FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ...
FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ...FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ...
FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ...
 
Colon specific drug delivery system approaches and application
Colon specific drug delivery system approaches and applicationColon specific drug delivery system approaches and application
Colon specific drug delivery system approaches and application
 
A
AA
A
 
Colon Specefic Drug Delivery System
Colon Specefic Drug Delivery SystemColon Specefic Drug Delivery System
Colon Specefic Drug Delivery System
 
RECENT ADVANCES IN COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY
RECENT  ADVANCES  IN   COLON TARGETED  DRUG  DELIVERYRECENT  ADVANCES  IN   COLON TARGETED  DRUG  DELIVERY
RECENT ADVANCES IN COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY
 
Colon specific DDS
Colon specific DDSColon specific DDS
Colon specific DDS
 
Colonic Drug Deliverey System
Colonic Drug Deliverey SystemColonic Drug Deliverey System
Colonic Drug Deliverey System
 
Colon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug deliveryColon targeted drug delivery
Colon targeted drug delivery
 
Colon targeted nisarg
Colon targeted nisargColon targeted nisarg
Colon targeted nisarg
 
GASTRO RETRENTIVE DRUGS DELIVERY SYSTEM
GASTRO RETRENTIVE DRUGS DELIVERY SYSTEMGASTRO RETRENTIVE DRUGS DELIVERY SYSTEM
GASTRO RETRENTIVE DRUGS DELIVERY SYSTEM
 
DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB USING PU...
DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG  DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB USING  PU...DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG  DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB USING  PU...
DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB USING PU...
 
Pulsatile drug delivery systems presentation
Pulsatile drug delivery systems presentationPulsatile drug delivery systems presentation
Pulsatile drug delivery systems presentation
 
Hydrodynamically balanced systems
Hydrodynamically balanced systemsHydrodynamically balanced systems
Hydrodynamically balanced systems
 
Gastroretentive drug delivery system by mali vv
Gastroretentive drug delivery system by mali vvGastroretentive drug delivery system by mali vv
Gastroretentive drug delivery system by mali vv
 

Similar to Colon specific drug delivery system

2.colon specific drug delivery system 2 nd sem
2.colon specific drug delivery system  2 nd sem2.colon specific drug delivery system  2 nd sem
2.colon specific drug delivery system 2 nd semHanmant Galande
 
Colon targeted drug delivery systems
Colon targeted drug delivery systems Colon targeted drug delivery systems
Colon targeted drug delivery systems Dr Gajanan Sanap
 
Rectal Drug Delivery System
Rectal Drug Delivery SystemRectal Drug Delivery System
Rectal Drug Delivery SystemKamlesh Wadile
 
Colon Targeting by Novel Drug Delivery Drug System: Microsphere a Review Report
Colon Targeting by Novel Drug Delivery Drug System: Microsphere a Review ReportColon Targeting by Novel Drug Delivery Drug System: Microsphere a Review Report
Colon Targeting by Novel Drug Delivery Drug System: Microsphere a Review ReportBRNSSPublicationHubI
 
Recent Advances in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery System
Recent Advances in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery SystemRecent Advances in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery System
Recent Advances in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery SystemDarshil Shah
 
Drug Delivery To Colon
Drug Delivery To ColonDrug Delivery To Colon
Drug Delivery To ColonKawitha
 
colon drug delivery systems
colon drug delivery systemscolon drug delivery systems
colon drug delivery systemsMaedeh Haedi
 
colon specific drug delivery system
colon specific drug delivery systemcolon specific drug delivery system
colon specific drug delivery systemMainak Das
 
Safety pharmacology of git
Safety pharmacology of gitSafety pharmacology of git
Safety pharmacology of gitNeerajKumar1710
 
Bilayer Floating Tablet Technology: An Overview
Bilayer Floating Tablet Technology: An OverviewBilayer Floating Tablet Technology: An Overview
Bilayer Floating Tablet Technology: An OverviewDipanjoy Ghosh
 
Colon targeting.pptx
Colon targeting.pptxColon targeting.pptx
Colon targeting.pptxShikha Swetha
 
Gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.pptx
Gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.pptxGastro-retentive drug delivery systems.pptx
Gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.pptxABG
 
GRDDS.pptx
GRDDS.pptxGRDDS.pptx
GRDDS.pptxABG
 
Assessing gastrointestinal toxicity using human tissues biopta
Assessing gastrointestinal toxicity using human tissues bioptaAssessing gastrointestinal toxicity using human tissues biopta
Assessing gastrointestinal toxicity using human tissues bioptaBiopta Inc.
 
Noscapine based oral colon SpecificNanoparticles by Kuldipsinh Thakor
Noscapine based oral colon SpecificNanoparticles by Kuldipsinh ThakorNoscapine based oral colon SpecificNanoparticles by Kuldipsinh Thakor
Noscapine based oral colon SpecificNanoparticles by Kuldipsinh Thakorkulu2929
 
Colon Specific Drugs Delivary Systempptx
Colon Specific Drugs Delivary SystempptxColon Specific Drugs Delivary Systempptx
Colon Specific Drugs Delivary SystempptxHarshadaa bafna
 

Similar to Colon specific drug delivery system (20)

Article 031
Article 031Article 031
Article 031
 
2.colon specific drug delivery system 2 nd sem
2.colon specific drug delivery system  2 nd sem2.colon specific drug delivery system  2 nd sem
2.colon specific drug delivery system 2 nd sem
 
Colon specific drug delivery system
Colon specific drug delivery systemColon specific drug delivery system
Colon specific drug delivery system
 
Colon targeted drug delivery systems
Colon targeted drug delivery systems Colon targeted drug delivery systems
Colon targeted drug delivery systems
 
Rectal Drug Delivery System
Rectal Drug Delivery SystemRectal Drug Delivery System
Rectal Drug Delivery System
 
Colon Targeting by Novel Drug Delivery Drug System: Microsphere a Review Report
Colon Targeting by Novel Drug Delivery Drug System: Microsphere a Review ReportColon Targeting by Novel Drug Delivery Drug System: Microsphere a Review Report
Colon Targeting by Novel Drug Delivery Drug System: Microsphere a Review Report
 
Recent Advances in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery System
Recent Advances in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery SystemRecent Advances in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery System
Recent Advances in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery System
 
Drug Delivery To Colon
Drug Delivery To ColonDrug Delivery To Colon
Drug Delivery To Colon
 
colon drug delivery systems
colon drug delivery systemscolon drug delivery systems
colon drug delivery systems
 
colon specific drug delivery system
colon specific drug delivery systemcolon specific drug delivery system
colon specific drug delivery system
 
Safety pharmacology of git
Safety pharmacology of gitSafety pharmacology of git
Safety pharmacology of git
 
Bilayer Floating Tablet Technology: An Overview
Bilayer Floating Tablet Technology: An OverviewBilayer Floating Tablet Technology: An Overview
Bilayer Floating Tablet Technology: An Overview
 
Colon targeting.pptx
Colon targeting.pptxColon targeting.pptx
Colon targeting.pptx
 
Gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.pptx
Gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.pptxGastro-retentive drug delivery systems.pptx
Gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.pptx
 
GRDDS.pptx
GRDDS.pptxGRDDS.pptx
GRDDS.pptx
 
Floating drug delivery systems
Floating drug delivery systemsFloating drug delivery systems
Floating drug delivery systems
 
Assessing gastrointestinal toxicity using human tissues biopta
Assessing gastrointestinal toxicity using human tissues bioptaAssessing gastrointestinal toxicity using human tissues biopta
Assessing gastrointestinal toxicity using human tissues biopta
 
Farmacokinetics sab 2015
Farmacokinetics sab 2015Farmacokinetics sab 2015
Farmacokinetics sab 2015
 
Noscapine based oral colon SpecificNanoparticles by Kuldipsinh Thakor
Noscapine based oral colon SpecificNanoparticles by Kuldipsinh ThakorNoscapine based oral colon SpecificNanoparticles by Kuldipsinh Thakor
Noscapine based oral colon SpecificNanoparticles by Kuldipsinh Thakor
 
Colon Specific Drugs Delivary Systempptx
Colon Specific Drugs Delivary SystempptxColon Specific Drugs Delivary Systempptx
Colon Specific Drugs Delivary Systempptx
 

Recently uploaded

Pharmacokinetic Models by Dr. Ram D. Bawankar.ppt
Pharmacokinetic Models by Dr. Ram D.  Bawankar.pptPharmacokinetic Models by Dr. Ram D.  Bawankar.ppt
Pharmacokinetic Models by Dr. Ram D. Bawankar.pptRamDBawankar1
 
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.pptUnit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.pptPradnya Wadekar
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdfHongBiThi1
 
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation of strabismus
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation  of strabismuspower point presentation of Clinical evaluation  of strabismus
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation of strabismusChandrasekar Reddy
 
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...Shubhanshu Gaurav
 
Neurological history taking (2024) .
Neurological  history  taking  (2024)  .Neurological  history  taking  (2024)  .
Neurological history taking (2024) .Mohamed Rizk Khodair
 
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functionsAUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functionsMedicoseAcademics
 
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfSGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfHongBiThi1
 
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...Ganesan Yogananthem
 
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptPradnya Wadekar
 
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondMale Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondSujoy Dasgupta
 
MedMatch: Your Health, Our Mission. Pitch deck.
MedMatch: Your Health, Our Mission. Pitch deck.MedMatch: Your Health, Our Mission. Pitch deck.
MedMatch: Your Health, Our Mission. Pitch deck.whalesdesign
 
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaMale Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaSujoy Dasgupta
 
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxBasic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxkomalt2001
 
ANATOMICAL FAETURES OF BONES FOR NURSING STUDENTS .pptx
ANATOMICAL FAETURES OF BONES  FOR NURSING STUDENTS .pptxANATOMICAL FAETURES OF BONES  FOR NURSING STUDENTS .pptx
ANATOMICAL FAETURES OF BONES FOR NURSING STUDENTS .pptxWINCY THIRUMURUGAN
 
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptxMicrobiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptxkitati1
 
Trustworthiness of AI based predictions Aachen 2024
Trustworthiness of AI based predictions Aachen 2024Trustworthiness of AI based predictions Aachen 2024
Trustworthiness of AI based predictions Aachen 2024EwoutSteyerberg1
 
BENIGN BREAST DISEASE
BENIGN BREAST DISEASE BENIGN BREAST DISEASE
BENIGN BREAST DISEASE Mamatha Lakka
 
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing studentCPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing studentsaileshpanda05
 
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdfPregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdfMedicoseAcademics
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Pharmacokinetic Models by Dr. Ram D. Bawankar.ppt
Pharmacokinetic Models by Dr. Ram D.  Bawankar.pptPharmacokinetic Models by Dr. Ram D.  Bawankar.ppt
Pharmacokinetic Models by Dr. Ram D. Bawankar.ppt
 
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.pptUnit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
 
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation of strabismus
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation  of strabismuspower point presentation of Clinical evaluation  of strabismus
power point presentation of Clinical evaluation of strabismus
 
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
FDMA FLAP - The first dorsal metacarpal artery (FDMA) flap is used mainly for...
 
Neurological history taking (2024) .
Neurological  history  taking  (2024)  .Neurological  history  taking  (2024)  .
Neurological history taking (2024) .
 
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functionsAUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM organization and functions
 
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfSGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
 
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
 
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
 
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondMale Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
 
MedMatch: Your Health, Our Mission. Pitch deck.
MedMatch: Your Health, Our Mission. Pitch deck.MedMatch: Your Health, Our Mission. Pitch deck.
MedMatch: Your Health, Our Mission. Pitch deck.
 
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaMale Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
 
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxBasic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
 
ANATOMICAL FAETURES OF BONES FOR NURSING STUDENTS .pptx
ANATOMICAL FAETURES OF BONES  FOR NURSING STUDENTS .pptxANATOMICAL FAETURES OF BONES  FOR NURSING STUDENTS .pptx
ANATOMICAL FAETURES OF BONES FOR NURSING STUDENTS .pptx
 
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptxMicrobiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
Microbiology lecture presentation-1.pptx
 
Trustworthiness of AI based predictions Aachen 2024
Trustworthiness of AI based predictions Aachen 2024Trustworthiness of AI based predictions Aachen 2024
Trustworthiness of AI based predictions Aachen 2024
 
BENIGN BREAST DISEASE
BENIGN BREAST DISEASE BENIGN BREAST DISEASE
BENIGN BREAST DISEASE
 
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing studentCPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
 
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdfPregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
Pregnacny, Parturition, and Lactation.pdf
 

Colon specific drug delivery system

  • 1. Colon – Specific Drug Delivery System By Dipanjoy Ghosh 1
  • 2. Colon – Specific Drug Delivery System 2
  • 3. •Introduction •Anatomy & Physiology of Colon •Factors governing the colon drug delivery •Advantages •Pharmaceutical Approaches for Targeting Drugs to Colon •Platform Technologies for CTDDS •Evaluation •Conclusion CONTENTS 3
  • 4. YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15. Introduction:  Colon as a site for drug delivery. The site specific delivery of drugs to lower parts of the GIT is advantage for localized treatment of several colonic diseases(IDB). The CDDS drug release and absorption should not occur in the stomach as well as small intestine, but only released and absorbed once the system reaches to the colon. 4
  • 5. AIEDEH K, TAHA MO. SYNTHESIS OF CHITOSAN SUCCINATE AND CHITOSAN PHTHALATE AND THEIR EVALUATION AS SUGGESTED MATRICES IN ORALLY ADMINISTERED COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM. ARCH PHARMACOL RES 1999;332:103-7 Ensure direct treatment at the disease site. Lower dosing and less side effects. Beneficial in the treatment of colon diseases. Suitable absorption site for protein and peptide drugs. Used to prolong the drug therapy. Why is CDDS needed? 5
  • 6. TORTORA, GERARD J., AND BRYAN H. DERRICKSON. PRINCIPLES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. JOHN WILEY & SONS, 2008. GIT: •Stomach •Small intestine •Large intestine COLON: Colon  Rectum  Anal canal Colon consists: • Cecum • Ascending colon • Transverse colon • Descending colon • Sigmoid colon Anatomy & Physiology of Colon Fig.1 Anatomy of Colon 6
  • 7. CORNES, J. S. "NUMBER, SIZE, AND DISTRIBUTION OF PEYER'S PATCHES IN THE HUMAN SMALL INTESTINE: PART I THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEYER'S PATCHES." GUT 6.3 (1965): 225. 7
  • 8. MARTINEZ, MARILYN N., AND GORDON L. AMIDON. "A MECHANISTIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE FACTORS AFFECTING DRUG ABSORPTION: A REVIEW OF FUNDAMENTALS." THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 42.6 (2002): 620-643. Gastrointestinal transit Small intestinal transit Colonic transit Gastric emptying Stomach and intestinal pH Colonic micro flora and enzymes Factors governing the colon drug delivery 8
  • 9. pH of GIT: LOCATION Ph 1.STOMACH: Fasted Fed 1.5-2.0 3.0-5.0 5.0-6.5 2.SMALL INTESTINE: Jejunum Ileum 6.0-7.5 6.4 6.7-7.3 3.LARGE INTESTINE: Right colon Mid colon Left colon 6.5-7.0 6.6-7.0 6.6 7.0 MASTIHOLIMATH, V. S., ET AL. "TIME AND PH DEPENDENT COLON SPECIFIC, PULSATILE DELIVERY OF THEOPHYLLINE FOR NOCTURNALASTHMA." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 328.1 (2007): 49-56. 9
  • 10. YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15. Advantages Drugs are directly available at the target site. Comparatively lesser amount of required dose. Decreased side effects. Improved drug utilization. 10
  • 11. CHOURASIA, M. K., AND S. K. JAIN. "PHARMACEUTICAL APPROACHES TO COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS." J PHARM PHARM SCI 6.1 (2003): 33-66. pH sensitive systems Microbially triggered system  Prodrugs  Polysaccharide based systems Timed release systems Osmotically controlled drug delivery systems Pressure dependent release systems PharmaceuticalApproaches for Targeting Drugs to Colon 11
  • 12. MAKHLOF, ABDALLAH, YUICHI TOZUKA, AND HIROFUMI TAKEUCHI. "PH-SENSITIVE NANOSPHERES FOR COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED COLITIS RAT MODEL." EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS 72.1 (2009): 1-8. Solid formulations for colonic delivery that are based on pH-dependent drug release mechanism are similar to conventional enteric-coated formulations. Utilize enteric polymers that have relatively higher threshold pH for dissolution. pH sensitive systems 12
  • 13. Mechanism of action MAKHLOF, ABDALLAH, YUICHI TOZUKA, AND HIROFUMI TAKEUCHI. "PH-SENSITIVE NANOSPHERES FOR COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED COLITIS RAT MODEL." EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS 72.1 (2009): 1-8. 13
  • 14. SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "MICROBIALLY TRIGGERED DRUG DELIVERY TO THE COLON." EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 18.1 (2003): 3-18. Microbially Triggered Systems Bacterial count in the colon is much higher around 1011-1012 CFU/ml.  400 species  Fundamentally anaerobic in nature.  Predominant species: Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium. 14
  • 15. ANDROUTSOPOULOS, VASILIS P., ET AL. "EXPRESSION PROFILE OF CYP1A1 AND CYP1B1 ENZYMES IN COLON AND BLADDER TUMORS." PLOS ONE 8.12 (2013): E82487. Major metabolic processes occurring in the colon are hydrolysis and reduction Enzymes in Colon Reducing enzymes Hydrolytic enzymes  Nitroreductase Esterases  Azoreductase Amidases  N-oxide reductase Glycosidases  Sulphoxide reductase Glucuronidase  Hydrogenase Sulfatase  Azoreductases, which reduces azo-bonds selectively and  Polysaccharidases which degrades the polysaccharides . 15
  • 16. MOOTER, G., ET AL. "USE OF AZO POLYMERS FOR COLON‐SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY." JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 86.12 (1997): 1321-1327. Azobond prodrugs Hydrolysis of sulphasalazine (i) into 5-aminosalicylic acid (ii) and sulfapyridine (iii). 16
  • 17. SETCHELL, KENNETH DR. "ABSORPTION AND METABOLISM OF SOY ISOFLAVONES—FROM FOOD TO DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS AND ADULTS TO INFANTS." THE JOURNAL OF NUTRITION130.3 (2000): 654S-655S. Glycoside conjugates 17
  • 18. SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38. Enteric-coated polysaccharide matrix Fig.3. Steps of Enteric-coated polysaccharide matrix 18
  • 19. Compression Coated Tablets SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38. Fig.4. Steps in Enteric-coated polysaccharide matrix 19
  • 20. Mixed Film Coated Tablets SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38. Fig.5. Enteric-coated polysaccharide matrix 20
  • 21. Timed Release Systems  Releases the drug after a predetermined lag time The lag time usually starts after gastric emptying because most of the time- controlled formulations are enteric coated Drug release from these systems is not pH dependent SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38. 21
  • 22. EVANS, D. F., ET AL. "MEASUREMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL PH PROFILES IN NORMAL AMBULANT HUMAN SUBJECTS." GUT 29.8 (1988): 1035-1041. 22
  • 23. Osmotically Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Depend up on the osmotic pressure exerted by Depend osmogen on drug compartment with which though drug get released slowly though the orifice Rigid semi permeable membrane Osmotic agent layer Delivery port Fluid to be pumped BINDSCHAEDLER, C., R. GURNY, AND E. DOELKER. "OSMOTICALLY CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS PRODUCED FROM ORGANIC SOLUTIONS AND AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS OF CELLULOSE ACETATE." JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE 4.3 (1986): 203-212. Fig.6. Osmotically Controlled Drug Delivery Systems 23
  • 24. Platform Technologies for CTDDS •PULSINCAP •OROS-CT •CODESTM •CHRONOTROPIC® SYSTEM ANKUSH, SHARMA, KANWAR KAPIL, AND SINGH AMRITPAL. "A REVIEW ON NOVEL APPROACHES FOR COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL, CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 4.2 (2014). 24
  • 25. SAEGER, H., AND VIRLEY P. PULSINCAP. "MAC226: PULSED-RELEASE DOSAGE FORM." SCHERER DDS, LTD (2004). PULSINCAP Fig.7 PULSINCAP 25
  • 26. OROS-CT PHILIP, ANIL K., AND BETTY PHILIP. "COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A REVIEW ON PRIMARYAND NOVEL APPROACHES." OMAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 25.2 (2010): 79. Fig. 8. OROS-CT 26
  • 27. CODESTM DEY, SOMDIP. "SD-EQR: A NEW TECHNIQUE TO USE QR CODESTM IN CRYPTOGRAPHY." ARXIV PREPRINT ARXIV:1205.4829 (2012). Fig. 9. CODESTM 27
  • 28. CHRONOTROPIC® SYSTEM Drug containing core HPMC Coat Enteric coat SINHA, V. R., AND RACHNA KUMRIA. "POLYSACCHARIDES IN COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 224.1 (2001): 19-38. Fig. 10 CHRONOTROPIC® SYSTEM 28
  • 29. Evaluation Invitro models Invitro test for intactness of coating and carriers in simulated conditions of stomach and intestine step1 Drug release study in 0.1N HCL for 2 hours (mean gastric emptying) step 2 Drug release study in phosphate buffer for 3 hours (mean small intestine transit time) YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15. 29
  • 30. In vitro enzymatic degradation test Method 1: Drug release in buffer medium containing enzymes(e.g.pectinase, dextranase) or rat or guinea pig or rabbit decal contents Amount of drug release in particular time directly proportional to the rate of degradation of polymer carrier. Method 2: Incubating carrier drug system in fermenter Suitable medium containing colonic bacteria (streptococcus faecium or B.ovatus) Amount of drug released at different time intervels determined. YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15. 30
  • 31. Conclusion The colonic region of the GIT has become an increasingly important site for drug delivery and absorption. CDDS offers therapeutic benefits to patients in both local and systemic treatment. Systems utilize natural materials that are degraded by colonic bacterial enzymes. Colon provides favorable factors and conditions for designing of delivery systems. High commercial viability. Increasing number of international patents and research work in this particular mode of drug delivery itself shows its potential for pharmaceutical market. YANG, LIBO, JAMES S. CHU, AND JOSEPH A. FIX. "COLON-SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY: NEW APPROACHES AND IN VITRO/IN VIVO EVALUATION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 235.1 (2002): 1-15. 31