unemployment definition, types, causes, solutions, effects.

1. IIAM
UNEMPLOYMEN
T

2. Definition :
• Unemployment is a phenomenon that occurs when a
person who is actively searching for employment is
unable to find work.
• Unemployment is often used as a measure of the
health of the economy.
• The person is capable and willing to work.

3. Forms of unemployment:
• Open unemployment : Open unemployment is a
condition in which people have no work to do. They are
able to work and are also willing to work but there is no
work for them.
• Seasonal unemployment : It occurs only during
seasonal months of the year. In India, it is very
common in agriculture sector. In certain type of
industries also this type of unemployment is
found.

4. • Technological Unemployment :
The Technological Unemployment is caused when
the individuals lose their jobs due to the
technological advancement. Simply, the substitution
of manpower with technology results in
technological unemployment.
• UNDER EMPLOYMENT : It is a situation in which
people employed contribute less than their capacity
to production. In this type of unemployment people
are not gainfully employed.

5. CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT :
• Indian economy is underdeveloped and role of economic
growth is very slow.
• Constant increase in population has been a big problem in
India. It is one of the main causes of unemployment.
• Agriculture is underdeveloped in India. It provides seasonal
employment.
• The rate of industrial growth is slow.
• The number of universities has increased manifold. There are
385 universities.
• Immobility of labour is also one of the factor.

6. Solutions for unemployment :
• Increase in national wealth through industrialization.
• The government should open Technical and
Vocational colleges and manual labor should be
made compulsory.
• Investment in heavy and basic industries and
consumer goods industries should be increased
• Modernization and mechanization of agriculture
should be done. Wastelands should be utilized.

7. • Government should take initiatives to encourage
self-employment. Young entrepreneurs should be
assisted with hassle free loans.
• Cottage and small scale industries should be
developed. Subsidies and other incentives should be
given to private sector
• Rural works programs should be increased means of
transport and communication should be developed.

8. EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT :
• Unemployment has caused a lot of hardship and
agony particularly among the youngsters. It has
created frustration.
• It has resulted in increase in crime rates. Quite often
the unemployed youth commit crimes to earn their
living.
• As a consequence of lack opportunities in India,
intelligent youth migrate to foreign countries. This
causes loss to india.

9. • Unemployment deprives a man of all sources of
income. As a result he grows poor. Therefore,
unemployment generates poverty.
• Unemployment gives birth to political instability in
country. Unemployed persons can easily be enticed
by antisocial elements.

10. Thank you
Done by:
DheeraJ