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Cloud Analytics Playbook
Cloud Analytics Playbook
3
An enormous amount of valuable information is out there,
waiting to be transformed into differentiating services. Booz Allen
Hamilton uses its Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture to build
technology infrastructures that can withstand the weight of massive
datasets—and deliver the deep insights organizations need to
drive innovation.
1.0 | Summary
The problems of explosive data growth and how
cloud analytics provide the solution
page 4
2.0 | Differentiation
Introduces the Architecture and explains how
Booz Allen Hamilton’s unique approach to people,
processes, and technology gets the job done
page 10
3.0 | Depth
Takes the Architecture apart
layer by layer with detailed visuals that
show you how we frame a solution
page 16
4.0 | Successes
Presents real-world examples from the hundreds of organizations
who have successfully worked with Booz Allen Hamilton to
implement an analytics solution using the Architecture
page 31
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth4.0|Successes
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Summary
1.0
A majority of executives believe their
companies are unprepared to leverage
their data. We look at why that is and
how to change it.
in this section
5
The Growing Data Analysis Gap
We are living in the greatest age of information discovery the world has ever known.
According to recent industry research, we now generate more data every 2 days than we did from the dawn of early civilization
through the year 2003 combined. And data rates are still growing—approximately 40% each year.
Fueled in large part by the more than five billion mobile phones in use around the globe, our world is increasingly measured,
instrumented, monitored, and automated in ways that generate incredible amounts of rich and complex data. Unfortunately,
the number of big data analysts and the capabilities of traditional tools aren’t keeping pace with this unprecedented data growth.
At Booz Allen Hamilton, we’ve watched this trend for some time now—we call it the “data analysis gap.” It’s clear that data has
outstripped common analytics tools and staffing levels. In order to move forward, organizations must be able to analyze data on a
massive scale and quickly use it to provide deeper insights, create new products, and differentiate their services.
2009 2020
quantity
sustainable challenging missed
opportunities
time
Data
Analysis
Gap
By 2020, the amount of information in our economy will grow 44 times.
Very few organizations are prepared for this wave of data.
44times
Extracting True Insights
(Source: IDC)
2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth4.0|Successes
1.0|Summary
The ability to compete and win in the information economy will come from powerful analytics that draw insights and value from
data, and from high-fidelity visualizations that present those insights in impactful, intuitive ways. Both will become key
influencers of corporate decision making and consumer purchasing.
Many of the world’s IT systems are not ready for the technology revolution happening as organizations seek to transform how
they use data. Their infrastructures face three major challenges:
Preparing for
What’s Ahead
A Framework for the Future
Volume
Not enough storage capacity and
analytical capabilities to handle
massive volumes of data
Variety
Data comes in many different formats,
which can be difficult and expensive
to integrate
Velocity
Inability to process data in real time in
order to extract the most value from it
Booz Allen Hamilton has a framework for intelligently integrating cloud computing technology and advanced analytic
capabilities, called the Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture. The Architecture is designed to solve compute-intensive
problems that were previously out of reach for most organizations, including large-scale image processing, sensor data
correlation, social network analysis, encryption/decryption, data mining, simulations, and pattern recognition.
At the core of the Architecture are systems that accommodate petabytes of data at reasonable cost and allow analytics
to run at previously unattainable scales in reasonable amounts of time. However, human insights and action are still the
fundamental drivers.
The purpose of the Architecture is to allow machines to do 80% of the work—the mundane tasks they are best suited for—
and enable people to do the 20% of the work they do best, tasks that involve analysis and creativity.
To help organizations overcome these hurdles and prepare for what’s next, Booz Allen Hamilton has pioneered strategies for the
implementation of the Digital Enterprise—a way of using technology, machine-based analytics, and human-powered analysis to
create competitive and mission advantage.
▶▶ Improve overall performance
and efficiency
▶▶ Better understand customer and
employee needs
▶▶ Translate data into actionable
intelligence and faster decision
making
▶▶ Reduce IT costs
▶▶ Improve scalability to handle
future growth
However, before you invest in a
cloud analytics solution, you should
fully understand the scope of what’s
involved and engage in the proper
planning to ensure that all the right
elements will be in place.
Done right, analytics hosted in
the cloud will help:
The Transformative
Power of Cloud Analytics
Booz Allen Hamilton is the
leader in the emerging field
of cloud analytics. Our unique
approach combines cloud
and other technologies with
superior analytic tradecraft to
create breakthroughs in how
organizations capture, store,
correlate, pre-compute, and extract
value from large sets of data.
To understand the power of
cloud analytics, it helps to see
the progression from basic
data analytics performed in
most organizations today. As an
infrastructure is built out along
the continuum to cloud analytics,
the size and scale of data it can
process increases along with the
ability to drive performance and
improve decision making.
Basic data analysis usually
happens in core business
functions with smaller datasets.
Reports are usually created
on a “one-off” basis, limited
to distribution within a specific
department to support routine
decision making.
Analysis using standard cloud
computing solutions extends
basic analytic techniques to
large or very large datasets.
This is a logical entry point for
cloud solutions because cloud
technology is the most efficient,
cost-effective way to run analytics
on large amounts of data.
Advanced analytics is where
predictive capabilities are brought
into the mix. It’s generally used
to evaluate the future impact of
strategic decisions. However, it
represents a step back in terms
of the size of datasets that can
be manipulated.
Cloud analytics transcends
the limits of the other forms of
analysis. It delivers insights to
answer previously unanswerable
questions such as:
▶▶ How can we gain competitive
advantage in our market
space?
▶▶ Where can we save money
within our organization?
▶▶ How should we turn our data
into a product?
7
2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth4.0|Successes
1.0|Summary
From Data
to Digital Enterprise
Booz Allen Hamilton clients
have a wide variety of data
analysis challenges and IT
infrastructures. Our flexible,
scalable Cloud Analytics
Reference Architecture has
three stages or entry points
to accommodate these
differences.
In each stage, we enable
shifts in technology
investments while helping
manage risk and maximize
the  reward. That means
leveraging the assets you
already own and taking logical
steps to add what’s needed.
This is the only way to build a
structure to instrument data
so you can truly experience
breakthrough analytics.
1IT EFFICIENCIES
2SMART DATA
3CLOUD ANALYTICS
STAGE 1
The focus is on saving
money and reducing risk.
You may have already
begun some of these
initiatives; we leverage
what’s working now as we
discover new ways to
increase efficiency.
STAGE 2
We begin to modernize
applications to handle
the demands of advanced
analytics. Faster, reusable,
and more intuitive applications
will enable everyone in your
organization to work smarter.
STAGE 3
Significant improvements
in performance are realized
when you achieve success
in managing the flow of
information at scale and
derive the fullest value from
your data.
IT Maturity
▶	 Data center consolidation
▶	 Server and data consolidation
▶	 Increased automation
▶	 Modernized security
	 posture and metrics
▶	 Reduced licensing costs
▶	Enhanced Enterprise
Data Architecture
▶	Clarify pedigree
(data tagging)
▶	 Multidimensional indexing
▶	 Adopt distributed database
▶	 Reusable applications
▶	Create deep insight into
relevant mission data
at scale
▶	Ask and answer previously
unanswerable questions
A Better Approach
As the leaders in cloud analytics, Booz Allen Hamilton has a proven approach
delivered by some of the industry’s best talent. Here’s why we’re different:
Section 2.0
Differentiation: Introduces and diagrams
the Architecture, and explains how it
reflects Booz Allen Hamilton’s unique
approach. You’ll also read about our
core design principles, extensive service
offerings, and technology choices.
Pages 10–15
Section 3.0
Depth: Takes the Architecture apart layer
by layer with detailed visuals, design
concepts, and recommended solutions
from the cloud vendor landscape. The
section ends with a look at how security is
built into all levels. Pages 16–30
Section 4.0
Successes: Presents real-world
examples from our extensive file of case
studies. We present the solutions and
challenges, describe and diagram the
implementations, and explain the results.
Pages 31–35
A LOOK AHEADTechnical framework
Our Architecture combines the collective experience of thousands of people who have road tested
technologies from across the cloud solution landscape in hundreds of client organizations, ranging
from the U.S. Federal Government to commercial and international clients.
Best practices
We have an exclusive set of lessons learned and breadth of technical knowledge that saves time and
money while reducing risk.
Core principles
These are “rules of the road” we’ve developed to build the most effective solution with the highest
return on investment. They encompass everything from how data should be stored to how to improve
relationships with the end users of your data.
Critical skill sets
We bring technologists as architecture and solutions specialists, domain experts who know your
industry and your data, and data scientists who explore and examine data from disparate sources
and recommend how best to use it. No one else in the industry offers a better combination of talent.
Vendor neutrality
Our approach utilizes a broad ecosystem of products and custom systems culled from an exhaustive
survey of available options. In the crowded, fragmented, and continually evolving landscape of cloud
solutions, we recommend only the best fit and value for your organization.
2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth4.0|Successes
1.0|Summary
9
Differentiation
Booz Allen Hamilton’s approach to
cloud analytics is unmatched in the
industry. Read about our unique
principles and best practices.
in this section
2.0
11
Streaming
Indexes
The Booz Allen Hamilton
Cloud Analytics Reference
Architecture incorporates a
wide range of services to move
from a technology infrastructure
with chaotic, distributed data
burdened by noise to large-
scale data processing and
analytics characterized by
speed, precision, security,
scalability, and cost efficiency.
However, Booz Allen Hamilton’s
approach is about much
more than infrastructure. We
start with your need to make
better sense and better use of
your mission data, and build
from there.
Human Insights and Actions
Enabled by customizable interfaces
and visualizations of the data
Services (SOA)
Analytics and
Discovery
Views and Indexes
Data Lake
Metadata Tagging
Data Sources
Infrastructure/
Management
Analytics and Services
Your tools for analysis, modeling,
testing, and simulations
Data Management
The single, secure repository
for all of your valuable data
Infrastructure
The technology platform for storing
and managing your data
Visualization,
Reporting,
Dashboards, and
Query Interface
A FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY
Page 30 details our security processes
1.0|Summary3.0|Depth4.0|Successes
A Layered
Framework
2.0|Differentiation
cloud strategy and
economics
Delivery of strategy, technology, and economic
analysis for evaluating and planning all of the
business, technical, operational, and financial
aspects of a cloud transition
vdi deployment and
integration
Delivery of flexible and dynamic virtual desktop
infrastructure to simplify management, reduce
licensing costs, and increase desktop security
and data protection requirements
Cloud application migration
Expertise in the assessment, prioritization,
architectural mapping, re-engineering, and
optimization of workloads that have high value
and are ready for migration to the cloud
cloud security
Unified risk management approach to define cloud
security requirements, controls, and a continuous
monitoring framework to address data protection,
identity, privacy, regulatory, and compliance risks
data center migration
and optimization
Identify critical factors, design, and execute
the transformation of legacy IT systems to
virtualized and cloud computing environments
advanced cloud analytics
Delivery of scalable analytics platforms allowing
the processing of information at extreme scale;
and eDiscovery: high-volume, full text indexing,
and context-based search of information
software and platform
Expertise in the secure implementation of SaaS and
PaaS service delivery models, data migration, and
integration with existing enterprise infrastructure
and applications
infrastructure
Design and implementation of IaaS offerings
to provide global access to data storage,
computing, and networking services on
demand through self-service portals
Booz Allen Hamilton
Cloud Analytics Service Offerings
13
Human Insights and Actions
Analytics and Services
Data Management
Infrastructure
Data Integration
Complex Ecosystem
We’ll help you navigate the crowded, fragmented, and continually evolving
vendor ecosystem to design a best-of-breed solution for your organization.
1.0|Summary3.0|Depth4.0|Successes
2.0|Differentiation
Booz Allen Hamilton
Cloud Analytics Core Principles
In-situ processing
The Architecture demands that “you send the
question to the data,” because most big data
processes are disk I/O-bound. In-situ processing
means that most of the computation is done
locally to the data, so that analytics run faster.
This can enhance existing analytic capabilities
and/or allow you to ask entirely new types
of questions.
Data tagging
You can now afford to tag all of your data for
sensitivity or other controls (such as geographic).
This is the fastest, most reliable way to instrument
change across your entire Data Lake.
Use commodity hardware
Hardware should be expected to fail as the
normal condition. The Architecture supports
both scalability and fault tolerance to achieve
optimal application load balancing.
Economies of scale
What used to be called service-oriented
architecture (SOA) means that you can
define the value and cost of services in
your enterprise, and plan your development
actions, either to reduce the cost of low-value
components or increase the scale of high-
value components.
Schema on read
If you have all the source data indexed and query-
able, plus the ability to create aggregations, then
you can manage complex ontologies and demands
in a very efficient manner.
Change development process
In order to develop a tight, iterative relationship
with your end users, you can develop/research
a new capability in hours (not months), and the
process of discovery and integration with the rest
of the enterprise begins much sooner, too.
Throw away nothing
Near-linear scalable hardware and software
systems allow much more data to be stored,
which enable reprocessing of historical data
with new algorithms and correlations that
bring new insights.
15
Deeper
Insights
Analysts and Data
Scientists
▶▶ Create and use many views into the
same data
▶▶ Automatically find trends and outliers
▶▶ Evaluate analysis methods to determine
and enhance best-of-breed tradecraft
Developers and Data
Scientists
▶▶ No longer constrained by years-old
schemas
▶▶ Catalog and index the data that is
relevant today
▶▶ Free to create new views and
reporting metrics
▶▶ Reference undiscovered trends in
original data
▶▶ Apply advanced machine learning and
statistical methods
▶▶ In-situ hypothesis testing
System Administrators
and IT Staff
▶▶ Reduce IT costs through commoditization
and economies of scale
▶▶ Meet long-term scalability requirements
DecisionMakers,
Investigators, Interdictors,
AND Analysts
▶▶ Real-time alerting, situational awareness, and
dissemination specific to their clearance level
▶▶ Investigate and provide feedback
on reporting
▶▶ Interact and search using tailored tools
The Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture enables staff at all levels to quickly gather and act on granular insights
from all of your available data, regardless of its format or location. Below are some of the ways human insights and
actions are enhanced by this new framework, which fosters greater collaboration and teamwork, and, ultimately,
delivers the highest business value from your information and your computing infrastructure.
Analytics and Services Data Management InfrastructureHuman Insights and Actions
1.0|Summary3.0|Depth4.0|Successes
2.0|Differentiation
Depth
3.0
We diagram and describe each layer
of the Cloud Analytics Reference
Architecture, including our design
principles and technology choices.
in this section
17
Infrastructure
Data Management
Human Insights and Actions
Analytics and Services
Reference
Architecture
Booz Allen Hamilton’s Cloud
Analytics Reference Architecture
provides a holistic approach to
people, processes, and technology
in four tightly integrated layers.
Key Attributes
By design, the Booz Allen Hamilton
Cloud Analytics Reference
Architecture:
▶▶ Is reliable, allowing distributed
storage and replication of bytes
across networks and hardware
that is assumed to fail at any time
▶▶ Allows for massive, world-scale
storage that separates metadata
from data
▶▶ Supports a write-once,
sporadic append, read-many
usage structure
▶▶ Stores records of various sizes,
from a few bytes up to a few
terabytes in size
▶▶ Allows compute cycles to be
easily moved to the data store,
instead of moving the data to
a processer farm
Human Insights and Actions
Building on results and outputs from various analytical
methods, multiple data visualizations can be created
in your new cloud analytics solution. These are used
to compose the interactive, real-time dashboard
interfaces your decision-makers and analysts need to
make sense of your data.
Analytics and Services
Both traditional and “Big Data” tools and software
can operate on the information stored in your
Data Lake, producing advanced specific analysis,
modeling, testing, and simulations you need for
decision making.
Data Management
Your Data Lake is a secure, distributed repository of
a wide variety of data sources. Security, metadata,
and indexing of Big Data are enabled by distributed
key value systems (NoSQL), but the Architecture
allows for traditional relational databases as well.
Infrastructure
This foundational layer allows for quick, streamlined,
low-risk deployment of the cloud implementation.
The plug-and-play, vendor-neutral framework is
unique to Booz Allen Hamilton.
layer 1
layer 2
layer 3
layer 4
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes
A FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY
Page 30 details our security processes
3.0|Depth
Analytics and Services
Monitoring Exploratory
Geospatial
Line Chart
Human Insights and Actions
layer 1
architecture model
Human Insights and Actions(continued)
TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES
HTML5, JavaScript,
OWF, Synapse
Commercial products
(Splunk, Pentaho, Datameer
Business Infographics, etc.)
Adobe Flex and Adobe Flash
Lightweight, custom web-based
applications and dashboards
tailored to specific user
communities or stakeholders for
data exploration, event alerting,
and monitoring, as well as
continuous quality improvement
Out-of-the-box, easy-to-build
dashboards for historical trending
and real-time monitoring to analyze
user transactions, customer
behavior, network patterns, security
threats, and fraudulent activity
Despite the rise of HTML5, Adobe
Flex and Flash applications still
remain strong candidates for
quickly building and deploying rich
user interfaces
In analytics solutions built on the Architecture, the data that’s available and the desired results drive the interfaces—
not the other way around. When user communities and stakeholders aren’t restricted by their tools, they can perform
complex visualizations to identify patterns they previously couldn’t see.
That freedom defines the guiding principles behind this first layer of the Architecture:
▶▶ Design and build the framework so that the desired data and analytic results define the visualization
▶▶ Reuse results and outputs of analytics across different visualizations
▶▶ Decouple the underlying analytics and data access from the visualizations and interfaces so that it’s possible
to build customized, interactive dashboard interfaces composed of dynamically linked visualizations
PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes
3.0|Depth
19
Analytics and Services
layer 2
architecture model
Human Insights and Actions
Time Series Social Network
Analysis
R, SAS, Matlab,
Mathematica
MapReduce, Hive,
Pig, Hama
Frequently where data is concerned, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. In the most strategic business
decisions, the ability to combine multiple types of analyses creates a holistic picture that can lead to much more
valuable insight. With the Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture, you can implement different
types of analytical methods.
This integrated approach is an anchor for the guiding principles behind our Analytics and Services layer:
▶▶ Allow both traditional and Big Data analysis tools and software to operate on a centralized repository of data
(the DataLake)
▶▶ Integrate results and outputs of analyses and visualize them on dashboards for decision making
▶▶ Decouple tools from the various types of analyses to make the system more extensible and adaptable
▶▶ Include a service-oriented architecture layer to reuse results and outputs in many different ways relevant to
different stakeholders and decisionmakers
▶▶ Incorporate Certified Catastrophe Risk Analysis (CCRA) to allow a variety of data analysis tools and software
to be integrated and used; it also enables results and outputs of analyses to be visualized and used across
multiple interfaces
TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES
Data Mining
Machine Learning
Natural Language
Processing (NLP)
Network Analysis
Statistical Analysis
Data mining is used to discover
patterns in large datasets and draws
from multiple fields including artificial
intelligence, machine learning,
statistics, and database systems.
Machine learning is used to learn
classifiers and prediction models
in the absence of an expert and
employs many algorithms in the
areas of decision trees, association
learning, artificial neural networks,
inductive logic programming, support
vector machines, clustering, Bayesian
networks, genetic algorithms,
reinforcement learning, and
representation learning.
NLP is used to process unstructured
and semi-structured documents
for the purposes of information
retrieval, sentiment analysis,
statistical machine translation,
and classification.
Network analysis using graph
theory and social network
analysis are used to understand
association and relationships
between entities of interests.
Traditional statistical methods using
univariate and multivariate analysis
on relatively small datasets are
employed to make inferences, test
hypotheses, and summarize data.
Analytics and Services (continued)
PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes
3.0|Depth
21
Analytics and Services (continued)
discovering your data
layer 2
Technical framework
Discovery is intimately related to search and analysis. All three feed into insight in a nonlinear fashion.
A search-discovery-analytics process that solves business problems without consuming disproportionate
resources meets these user needs:
▶▶ Real-time, ad hoc access to content
▶▶ Aggressive prioritization based on importance to the user and the business
▶▶ Data-driven decision making, which relies on the ability to try different approaches and ideas in order
to discover previously unimagined insights
▶▶ Feedback/learning from the past intelligently applied to today’s data
Before working with Booz Allen Hamilton, most clients faced a
fundamental challenge with data discovery.They didn’t know what data
was actually available or how to sort through all of it to identify the most
important business problems or trends it could reveal.
Search
Analytics Discovery
How Booz Allen Hamilton simplifies discovery
Other solutions require analysts to break down data into numerous subsets and samples before it can
be digested. This expensive, time-consuming process is one of the major roadblocks to turning data into
true business intelligence.
Even though the Booz Allen Hamilton Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture supports the most
advanced analysis, it can also allow your staff to sift through all of your data on a basic level. Without
tedious or sophisticated sampling and complex tools, they can discover what’s useful and what’s not
useful for a specific business problem.
How does the Architecture support fast, efficient, and scalable search on entire datasets, not just
samples?
▶▶ Bulk and soft real-time indexing enable the solution to handle billions of records with subsecond
search and faceting
▶▶ Large-scale, cost-effective storage and processing capabilities accommodate “whole data”
consumption and analysis; in-memory caching of critical data ensures applications meet performance
requirements
▶▶ NLP and machine learning tools can scale to enhance discovery and analysis on very large datasets
HOW THE DATA SCIENCE LIFECYCLE DISTILLS INSIGHTS
Step 1
First, data is sampled using a cloud analytics platform. This step may involve a sophisticated analytic
that runs in the cloud, such as one that crawls a social network to find people with certain types of
relationships with an individual or organization. This sampling can be done using either high-level query
languages that are specially made for scalable cloud analytics or low-level developer interfaces.
Step 2
Next, a data scientist models the data sample in order to understand it better. This is usually done using
a statistical modeling environment on the data scientist’s workstation.
Step 3
Finally, once a trend is established using the model, the data scientist works with analysts and domain
experts to explain the trend and yield insights.
This cycle is repeated until the data science team reaches actionable insights and intelligence that
can be presented to senior leadership for decision making purposes. Information may be delivered in
a visualization, dashboard, or written report.
The data science lifecycle consists of three basic steps:
Analytics and Services (continued)
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes
3.0|Depth
23
Data Management
Human Insights and Actions
Analytics and Services
StructuredBatch
Unstructured
layer 3
architecture model
A central feature of the Architecture, the Data Lake delivers on the promise of cloud analytics to offer previously hidden insights and
drive better decisions. It’s a secure repository for data of all types and origins. Instead of precategorizing data, which restricts its
usability from the moment it enters your organization, the Architecture combines unstructured, structured, and streaming data types
and makes them available for many different forms of analysis.
The following principles demonstrate how the Architecture enables your organization to use this repository of enterprise
data to the best advantage:
▶▶ Provide inherent replication of the data through a distributed file system
▶▶ Use distributed key value (NoSQL) data storage to enable security and metadata tagging at the data level
as well as indexing for specialized retrieval
▶▶ Relax schema constraints and provide the flexibility to adapt to changing data sources and types with the
schema-on-read approach of distributed key value data storage
▶▶ Store the Data Lake on commodity hardware and scale linearly in performance and storage
▶▶ Don’t presummarize or precategorize data
▶▶ Enable rapid ingest of data, aggressive indexing, and dynamic question-focused datasets through scale
TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES
Hadoop Distributed File
System (HDFS)
Accumulo
Hbase, Cassandra, MongoDB
Neo4j
The primary open-source,
distributed storage system creates
multiple replicas of data blocks and
distributes them on compute nodes
throughout a cluster to enable
reliable, rapid computations.
NoSQL store based on Google’s
BigTable design features cell-
level security access labels
and a server-side programming
mechanism that can modify key/
value pairs at various points in
the data management process.
Open-source NoSQL databases
focused on a combination of
consistency, availability, and
partition tolerance.
NoSQL scalable graph database
storing data in nodes and the
relationships of a graph.
3.0|Depth
Data Management (continued)
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes
3.0|Depth
PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES
25
DATA LAKE
Booz Allen Hamilton works with organizations in corporate and government sectors that have an
urgent need to make sense of volumes of data from diverse sources, including those that had been
inaccessible or extremely difficult to utilize, such as streams from social networks. Now analysts
and decisionmakers can form new connections between all of this data to uncover previously
hidden trends and relationships.
Intrusion and
malware detection
Enterprise
Data
Machine-to-
machine
communication
Transaction
logs
Sensor Data
Fraud Detection
healthcare
Email
Reports
Financials
Press Articles
Finance
Enhanced
Forecasting
Defense
Enhanced Situational
Awareness
Government
Regulatory Compliance
Cyber
Security Logs
Quarterly Filings
System Logs
Data Management (continued)
layer 3
Individual organizations require different types of data. Not all types of data listed above may apply to every organization.
27
Booz Allen Hamilton’s strategy and technology consultants are highly regarded subject matter experts. Through
groundbreaking conference keynotes, whiteboard talks, and papers, they help educate and shape the analytics industry.
We invite you and your team to take advantage of the educational resources listed below to gain strategic insights
about the use of analytics, explore technical topics in depth, and stay on top of the latest trends.
Presentations
Yahoo! Hadoop Summit: Biometric Databases and Hadoop
Invented and demonstrated methods for dense data correlation (e.g., imagery and
biometrics) within a Hadoop distributed computing platform using new machine learning
parallel methods.
Yahoo! Hadoop Summit: Culvert—A Robust Framework for Secondary Indexing of
Structured and Unstructured Data
Demonstration of Booz Allen Hamilton’s secondary indexing solutions and design patterns,
which support online index updates as well as a variation of the HIVE query language
over Accumulo and other BigTable-like databases to allow indexing one or more columns
in a table.
Slidecast: Hadoop World—Protein Alignment
Demonstration of advanced analytics in using protein alignment sequences to identify
disease markers using Hadoop, HBase, Accumulo, and novel machine learning concepts.
Slidecast: Innovative Cyber Defense with Cloud Analytics
Presentation on improving intelligence analysis through a hybrid cloud approach
to analytics, with descriptions and diagrams from Booz Allen Hamilton client solutions.
Slidecast: Integrating Tahoe with Hadoop’s MapReduce
Invented and demonstrated method to use least-authority encrypted file system as plugin
to HDFS within Hadoop cluster.
Papers
Massive Data Analytics in the Cloud
Overview of the business impact of cloud computing, and how data clouds are
shaping new advances in intelligence analysis.
Videos
Cloud Whiteboard Playlist
Short instructional videos on a range of topics from introductory talks for executives
to tutorials for data analysts. Check back frequently for new material.
Cloud Analytics for Executive Leadership
Booz Allen Hamilton Principal Josh Sullivan discusses how analysis of data can be used
as a tool to provide insight to executives.
Informed Decision Making: Sampling Techniques for Cloud Data
Booz Allen Hamilton Data Scientist Ed Kohlwey explains how sampling large amounts
of data can be useful for program managers to make informed decisions.
Developer Perspectives: The FuzzyTable Database
Booz Allen Hamilton Data Scientist Drew Farris explains how to use the FuzzyTable
biometrics database.
Workshop
O’Reilly Strata Conference: Beyond MapReduce—Getting Creative with Parallel Processing
Technical discussion of MapReduce as an excellent environment for some parallel
computing tasks and the many ways to use a cluster beyond MapReduce.
Enhanced Media Content
Learn More
Scan the QR code, or go directly to:
boozallen.com/cloud
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes
3.0|Depth
Infrastructure
Virtual Desktop
Integration
Human Insights and Actions
Analytics and Services
layer 4
architecture model
Infrastructure is the foundation for any cloud implementation.
What makes the Booz Allen Hamilton Cloud Analytics Reference
Architecture unique is its plug-and-play, vendor-neutral framework.
This framework not only allows a greater range of choices in
selecting resources and building services, it also allows for a faster,
more streamlined, more secure, and lower risk deployment.
The following principles guide the infrastructure layer of
the Architecture:
▶▶ Make it easy to transform physical resources from legacy IT
systems to secure, virtualized data centers and trusted cloud
computing environments
▶▶ Implement core services to provide the mechanisms to realize
on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling,
rapid elasticity, and measured service
▶▶ Employ virtualization to increase utilization of existing assets and
resources, and improve operational effectiveness
▶▶ Engineer in-depth security to provide controls and continuous
monitoring in order to fully address data protection, identity,
privacy, regulatory, and compliance risks
Infrastructure (continued)
TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES
Amazon Web Services,
Microsoft Azure, Puppet,
VMware, vSphere
Security through VMware,
McAfee, Symantec, Cisco,
TripWire, EnCase
Cloud tool chain for provisioning,
configuration, orchestration, and
monitoring of virtual environment.
These tools provide the building
blocks for IaaS, PaaS, and foundation
for SaaS. Run multiple operating
systems and virtual network
platforms on the same hardware—
sharing computing, storage, and
networking resources.
Protect assets—physical, logical,
and virtual—while automating
governance and compliance.
PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes
3.0|Depth
29
Assets to Be Protected
Threats and Processes that Require Security
Organizational Security
Governance | Supply Chain | Strategic Partnerships
Geography
Distributed Sites | Remote Workers | Jurisdictions
Time Dependencies
Transaction Throughput | Lifetimes and Deadlines
Business
Business Layer
Business Attributes
Security Requirements to Support the Business
Control and Enablement Objectives
Resulting from Risk Assessment
Technical and Management Security Strategies
Trust Relationships
Security Domains, Boundaries, and Associations
Roles and Responsibilities
Time Dependencies
When Is Protection Relevant?
Conceptual
Business Layer
Business Information to Be Secured
Security and Risk
Security Entities
Security Services
Authentication Confidentiality and Integrity
Protection | Strategic Partnerships
Interrelationships
Attributes
Management Policy
Logical
Business Layer
Security-Related Data Structures
Tables | Messages | Pointers | Certificates | Signatures
Security Rules
Conditions | Practices | Procedures
Human Interface
Screen Formats | User Interaction
Access Control | Systems
Time Dependencies
Sequence of Processes and Sessions
Security Mechanisms
Encryption | Access Control | Digital Signatures
Security Infrastructure
Physical Layout of Hardware, Software, and
Communication Lines
Physical
Business Layer
Security IT Products
Risk Management
Tools for Monitoring and Reporting
Security Process
Tools, Standards, and Protocols
Time Dependencies
Time Schedules | Clocks | Timers and Interrupts
Personnel Management Tools
Identities | Roles | Functions | Access Controls | Lists
Locator Tools
Dynamic Inventory of Nodes | Addresses and Locations
Component
Business Layer
Service Delivery Management
Assurance of Operational Continuity
Operational Risk Management
Risk Assessment | Monitoring and Reporting
Management of Environment
Buildings | Sites | Platforms and Networks
Management Schedule
Security-Related | Calendar and Timetable
Management of Security Operations
Admin | Backups | Monitoring | Emergency Response
Personnel Management
Account Provisioning | User Support | Management
Service Management
a framework
for security
The Architecture is designed to
protect your data at rest and
in flight, with security controls
embedded in each layer.This
is obviously more than just
a technology challenge.We
understand the need to embed
new processes and training
regimens so your staff handles
sensitive data correctly.We also
advise you on how to secure your
facilities and ensure that all off-
premise facilities have the right
controls in place as well.
Reference Architecture
Security Framework
31
Successes
4.0
These case studies show how
Booz Allen Hamilton uses superior
technology and analytics expertise to
solve complex problems for clients
in a wide range of corporate and
government sectors.
in this section
Case Studies
4.0|Successes
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth
Improving Intelligence Analysis
To fulfill their mission, this
organization requires data
correlation, quick access to
analytic results, ad-hoc queries,
advanced scalable analytics,
and real-time alerting.
To provide their analysts
with a continuous pipeline
of prioritized, actionable
information, they needed a
secure, scalable, automated
solution that would more
quickly and precisely sift
through large (and growing)
volumes of complex data
characterized by a variety of
formats and noise. In addition,
they needed to leverage their
existing analytics infrastructure
in the new platform.
Booz Allen Hamilton worked
closely with the client to adopt
a data cloud implementation
by augmenting the legacy
relational databases with cloud
computing and analytics. The
design focused on keeping
transactional-based queries in
the current relational databases,
while doing the “heavy lifting”
in the cloud and outputting
the interesting, processed, or
desired analytic results into
relational data stores for quick
transactional access.
With many existing systems
and applications dependent on
the legacy relational database
for transactional queries of
data, Booz Allen Hamilton
pulled together excess servers
from the client’s infrastructure
to build a hybrid cloud solution.
Also, as the client’s needs
change to adapt to the mission,
the solution is scalable and
flexible to support future
innovation and evolution
without reengineering.
Interfaces and Visualizations
Dashboards, web applications,
client applications, and rich
clients interfaced and integrated
with advanced analytics
infrastructure and legacy
relational databases through a
SOA business logic layer.
Analytics and Services
The solution called for
predictive analytics to forecast
potential events from existing
data and anomaly detection to
extract potentially significant
information and patterns. The
solution leveraged the core
principle of cloud analytics that
enables automated analysis
techniques, precomputation,
and aggressive indexing.
Data Management
The data sources had multiple
formats, were large in size,
and distressed with noise.
The solution created deep
insight through fusion of
different data types at scale.
The solution enabled the
ability to follow the lineage or
pedigree of the data, allowing
the client to map cost in
relation to the value of the data
or how well it is being used.
Infrastructure
The solution used Accumulo
(distributed key value
systems/NoSQL database)
for content normalization
and indexing, MapReduce as
the precomputation engine,
and HDFS for scalable ingest
and storage.
Rather than simply focus on gaining IT efficiencies by using cloud technology for infrastructure, Booz Allen Hamilton focused on applying cloud
analytics and in-depth understanding of the organization’s operational and mission needs to extract more value faster from massive datasets.
The new cloud solution provided immediate and striking improvements across the increasing volume of structured and unstructured data
using aggressive indexing techniques, on-demand analytics, and precomputed results for common analytics.
The final solution combined sophistication with scalability, moving the organization from a situation in which analysts stitched together sparse
bits of data to a platform for distilling real-time, actionable information from the full aggregation of data.
Impact
Case Studies Example
One
Mission Solutions
33
Planning and Responding to Disaster
This organization, which
is responsible for disaster
planning and response, found
that social media could provide
timely situational awareness for
biological (and other disaster)
events. They wanted a solution
to better characterize and
forecast emerging disaster
events using social media data
as it streams in real time. With
such a solution in place, the
organization could increase
overall preparedness by
leveraging event characterization
to accurately predict the impact
and improve the response.
In order to reach their goal,
the organization needed higher
levels of confidence in the
social media data on which they
would base their decisions.
The specific challenges the
new solution had to overcome
included data ingestion and
normalization, social media
vocabulary, social media
characterization, information
extract, and geographical
isolation of events.
Booz Allen Hamilton developed
a framework to capture,
normalize, and transform
open-source media used to
characterize and forecast
disaster events, in real time.
The framework incorporated
computational and analytical
approaches to turn the noise
from social media into valuable
information using algorithms
such as term frequency-inverse
document frequency (TF-IDF),
natural language processing
(NLP), and predictive modeling
to characterize and forecast
the numbers of sick, dead,
and hospitalized, as well as to
extract symptoms, geography,
and demographics for specific
illness events.
The solution framework
was implemented in the
cloud, taking advantage of
the flexible computational
power and storage. The new
cloud infrastructure allowed
Booz Allen Hamilton’s data
capturing and visualization
tool, Splunk, to mine through
and analyze vast amounts
of data in real time, while
outputting characterization
and forecasting metrics of
captured events.
Interfaces and Visualizations
The solution included
dashboards that characterized
events captured in social
media. The visual analyses
include event extraction counts,
time series counts, forecasting
counts, a symptom tag cloud,
and geographical isolation.
Analytics and Services
TF-IDF and NLP algorithms
were used to classify and
extract relevant information
from the data. Booz Allen
Hamilton developed predictive
models for forecasting event
frequency and counts. The
algorithms were written in
Python and incorporated into
Splunk located on Amazon Web
Services (AWS).
Data Management
The solution framework
captured live, streaming open-
source media such as Twitter
and RSS feeds. Data was
captured in Splunk and stored
on AWS.
The new Booz Allen Hamilton solution, which builds upon current best practices in cyber terrorism, enables near real-time situational awareness
through a standalone surveillance system that captures, transforms, and analyzes massive volumes of social media data. By leveraging social
media data and analytics for more timely and accurate disaster characterization, the organization is able to more effectively plan and respond.
Impact
Case Studies Example
Two
Mission Solutions
Geotagging Link Analysis
Predictive ModelingRisk Scoring
Provider
Profile
Financial Licensing Exclusion ClaimsGeolocation
Provider
Registration
Online
Activities
Cases/
Rulings
Clean,Validate,
Normalize, Integrate
4.0|Successes
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth
Detecting Fraud and Abuse
U.S. Medicare and Medicaid
pay out approximately $750
billion each year to more than
1.5 million doctors, hospitals,
and medical suppliers. By
many estimates, about $65
billion a year is lost to fraud.
This organization needed to
be able to detect fraud in
claim data streams and stop
processing immediately; they
also wanted to assign a fraud
risk score to providers and
patient data in order to prioritize
their investigations. They were
challenged by multiple disparate
sources of data, including
valuable historic data archived in
currently inaccessible formats.
In addition, fraud and abuse
techniques are evolving
rapidly, as are policies and
technologies, so the final
solution could not lock them
into specific tools, data
sources, or approaches to
detection. Lastly, the solution
had to allow them to operate
in compliance with regulatory
requirements and laws
governing the use of personally
identifiable information.
Solution
Booz Allen Hamilton used a
variety of analytical techniques
and detection methods to
support the creation and
maintenance of tools that allow
organizations to stay ahead of
criminals. The solution for this
client integrates and combines
the best technologies and
analytics available to enable
the analysis of multiple data
sources. Booz Allen Hamilton
built systems for routine
detection that are designed to
accept new data sources and
techniques for detection. For
example, Booz Allen Hamilton
helped build a risk-scoring
algorithm that drew information
from multiple federal and civil
data sources. The risk-scoring
system is flexible enough to
allow analysts to build new
rules quickly, and the cloud
architecture can then accurately
rescore the entire population.
Interfaces and Visualizations
Users are given an interface to
monitor overall provider risk.
They can drill down into data
on each provider to get more
statistical information and
visualizations to gain insight
into specific risk factors and to
compose forecasts.
Analytics and Services
Geotagging, risk scoring, and
predictive modeling analysis
are applied to the data. Specific
predictive analyses include
neural nets, clustering, and
regression. A rule-based system
is also used to detect many of
the known kinds of fraud.
Data Management
The solution used a Data
Lake to store multiple sources
of data, including financial
data, provider registration,
geolocation, licensing,
exclusion, Medicare and
Medicaid claims, online
activities, and cases and
rulings. Identity matching could
be performed against third-
party background checks and
criminal, credit, and business
information. These different
data sources were
then cleaned, validated,
normalized, and integrated to
build provider profiles.
For the first time, doctors and others who want to bill Medicare are being assessed based on their risk to commit fraud. Those who
are deemed likely to commit fraud or have a record of investigations are rooted out. In addition, payers can better prioritize and target
investigations to prevent improper payment or to recover funds.
Mission
Impact
Logistic Regression Natural Language
Predictive ModelingCorrelation Analysis
Patient
Profile
Medication Diagnostic
Data
Medical
Notes
Electronic
Health
Records
Time
Series
Data
Hospital
Records
Package
of Care
Integration
Case Studies Example
Three
35
Predicting and Detecting Disease
Case Studies Example
Four
This organization is charged with
evaluating and measuring the
efficacy of hospital compliance
with SSC guidelines for
addressing Severe Sepsis and
Septic Shock (S4). They needed
to develop a new solution for
compliance analysis and early
detection analysis in order to
lower mortality rates and overall
health costs related to S4.
The final solution needed to
allow them to mine Electronic
Health Records (EHR) for clinical
indicators that could lead to
early detection of S4 and predict
the development of S4 from
sepsis. They also wanted to
enable hospitals to harness the
value of patient information to
diagnose more quickly, and use
this data to decrease the time
between official diagnosis and
implementation of the standard
of care.
Booz Allen Hamilton’s team
led a cross-company project,
Sepsis Intervention Outcomes
Research (SIOR), that tapped
analytical, clinical, economic,
and informatics expertise. SIOR
analyzed medical workers’
compliance with international
standards of care for S4, and
compared that compliance with
patient outcomes. Booz Allen
Hamilton’s advanced analytics
experts helped develop an
Event-Centric Ontology (ECO)
that incorporated NLP of
medical personnel notes.
ECO provided a formalized
vocabulary and framework for
evaluating EHRs that expedited
real-time discovery and
harnessing of structured and
unstructured data. Booz Allen
Hamilton also developed a
predictive model based on vital
measurements at critical times
to produce a risk score
for developing S4 from sepsis.
In addition, Mahalanobis
distance plots from baseline
showed that signals are
present before POD, which
allows for earlier detection of
at-risk patients.
Analytics and Services
The solution used logistic
regression, NLP, correlation,
and time-series analyses.
Data Management
Booz Allen Hamilton obtained
over 27,000 individual
patient EHRs for analysis
containing both structured and
unstructured data spanning
four hospitals and a period of
2 years.
Compliance analysis suggests a strong correlation between compliance to SSC guidelines and decreased mortality. Early detection analysis
indicates there may be a set of clinical indicators that could be used to identify patients at risk for developing S4, allowing their care to be
prioritized. Booz Allen Hamilton developed an analytically expedient framework that allows for more efficient computation and discovery of
underlying relationships, which can allow hospitals to expedite diagnosis and treatment and save more lives.
Mission Solution
Impact
Posts in the Past 12 Hours
2:00 AM
Wednesday
July 25 2012
Results
Results Results Results
Number of Mentions
Number of MentionsSparkline
4.0|Successes
1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth
MENA Operating Offices
Abu Dhabi • Cairo • Doha • Jeddah
Jubail • Kuwait City • Riyadh
+971-2-691-3600
www.boozallen.com/international
About Booz Allen Hamilton
Booz Allen Hamilton has been at the forefront of strategy
and technology consulting for nearly a century. Today, the firm
provides services to US and international governments in
defense, intelligence, and civil sectors, and to major corporations,
institutions, and not-for-profit organizations. Booz Allen Hamilton
offers clients deep functional knowledge spanning strategy
and organization, engineering and operations, technology, and
analytics—which it combines with specialized expertise in clients’
mission and domain areas to help solve their toughest problems.
Booz Allen Hamilton is headquartered in McLean, Virginia, employs
approximately 25,000 people, and had revenue of $5.86 billion
for the 12 months ended March 31, 2012. To learn more, visit
www.boozallen.com. (NYSE: BAH)
Version
1.0 | 12.090.12 © Copyright 2012 Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Cloud Analytics Playbook

  • 3. 3 An enormous amount of valuable information is out there, waiting to be transformed into differentiating services. Booz Allen Hamilton uses its Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture to build technology infrastructures that can withstand the weight of massive datasets—and deliver the deep insights organizations need to drive innovation. 1.0 | Summary The problems of explosive data growth and how cloud analytics provide the solution page 4 2.0 | Differentiation Introduces the Architecture and explains how Booz Allen Hamilton’s unique approach to people, processes, and technology gets the job done page 10 3.0 | Depth Takes the Architecture apart layer by layer with detailed visuals that show you how we frame a solution page 16 4.0 | Successes Presents real-world examples from the hundreds of organizations who have successfully worked with Booz Allen Hamilton to implement an analytics solution using the Architecture page 31 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth4.0|Successes Prefer to read this on your iPad? Search “Booz Allen” at the iTunes App Store,® or simply scan the QR code.
  • 4. Summary 1.0 A majority of executives believe their companies are unprepared to leverage their data. We look at why that is and how to change it. in this section
  • 5. 5 The Growing Data Analysis Gap We are living in the greatest age of information discovery the world has ever known. According to recent industry research, we now generate more data every 2 days than we did from the dawn of early civilization through the year 2003 combined. And data rates are still growing—approximately 40% each year. Fueled in large part by the more than five billion mobile phones in use around the globe, our world is increasingly measured, instrumented, monitored, and automated in ways that generate incredible amounts of rich and complex data. Unfortunately, the number of big data analysts and the capabilities of traditional tools aren’t keeping pace with this unprecedented data growth. At Booz Allen Hamilton, we’ve watched this trend for some time now—we call it the “data analysis gap.” It’s clear that data has outstripped common analytics tools and staffing levels. In order to move forward, organizations must be able to analyze data on a massive scale and quickly use it to provide deeper insights, create new products, and differentiate their services. 2009 2020 quantity sustainable challenging missed opportunities time Data Analysis Gap By 2020, the amount of information in our economy will grow 44 times. Very few organizations are prepared for this wave of data. 44times Extracting True Insights (Source: IDC) 2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth4.0|Successes 1.0|Summary
  • 6. The ability to compete and win in the information economy will come from powerful analytics that draw insights and value from data, and from high-fidelity visualizations that present those insights in impactful, intuitive ways. Both will become key influencers of corporate decision making and consumer purchasing. Many of the world’s IT systems are not ready for the technology revolution happening as organizations seek to transform how they use data. Their infrastructures face three major challenges: Preparing for What’s Ahead A Framework for the Future Volume Not enough storage capacity and analytical capabilities to handle massive volumes of data Variety Data comes in many different formats, which can be difficult and expensive to integrate Velocity Inability to process data in real time in order to extract the most value from it Booz Allen Hamilton has a framework for intelligently integrating cloud computing technology and advanced analytic capabilities, called the Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture. The Architecture is designed to solve compute-intensive problems that were previously out of reach for most organizations, including large-scale image processing, sensor data correlation, social network analysis, encryption/decryption, data mining, simulations, and pattern recognition. At the core of the Architecture are systems that accommodate petabytes of data at reasonable cost and allow analytics to run at previously unattainable scales in reasonable amounts of time. However, human insights and action are still the fundamental drivers. The purpose of the Architecture is to allow machines to do 80% of the work—the mundane tasks they are best suited for— and enable people to do the 20% of the work they do best, tasks that involve analysis and creativity. To help organizations overcome these hurdles and prepare for what’s next, Booz Allen Hamilton has pioneered strategies for the implementation of the Digital Enterprise—a way of using technology, machine-based analytics, and human-powered analysis to create competitive and mission advantage. ▶▶ Improve overall performance and efficiency ▶▶ Better understand customer and employee needs ▶▶ Translate data into actionable intelligence and faster decision making ▶▶ Reduce IT costs ▶▶ Improve scalability to handle future growth However, before you invest in a cloud analytics solution, you should fully understand the scope of what’s involved and engage in the proper planning to ensure that all the right elements will be in place. Done right, analytics hosted in the cloud will help:
  • 7. The Transformative Power of Cloud Analytics Booz Allen Hamilton is the leader in the emerging field of cloud analytics. Our unique approach combines cloud and other technologies with superior analytic tradecraft to create breakthroughs in how organizations capture, store, correlate, pre-compute, and extract value from large sets of data. To understand the power of cloud analytics, it helps to see the progression from basic data analytics performed in most organizations today. As an infrastructure is built out along the continuum to cloud analytics, the size and scale of data it can process increases along with the ability to drive performance and improve decision making. Basic data analysis usually happens in core business functions with smaller datasets. Reports are usually created on a “one-off” basis, limited to distribution within a specific department to support routine decision making. Analysis using standard cloud computing solutions extends basic analytic techniques to large or very large datasets. This is a logical entry point for cloud solutions because cloud technology is the most efficient, cost-effective way to run analytics on large amounts of data. Advanced analytics is where predictive capabilities are brought into the mix. It’s generally used to evaluate the future impact of strategic decisions. However, it represents a step back in terms of the size of datasets that can be manipulated. Cloud analytics transcends the limits of the other forms of analysis. It delivers insights to answer previously unanswerable questions such as: ▶▶ How can we gain competitive advantage in our market space? ▶▶ Where can we save money within our organization? ▶▶ How should we turn our data into a product? 7 2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth4.0|Successes 1.0|Summary
  • 8. From Data to Digital Enterprise Booz Allen Hamilton clients have a wide variety of data analysis challenges and IT infrastructures. Our flexible, scalable Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture has three stages or entry points to accommodate these differences. In each stage, we enable shifts in technology investments while helping manage risk and maximize the  reward. That means leveraging the assets you already own and taking logical steps to add what’s needed. This is the only way to build a structure to instrument data so you can truly experience breakthrough analytics. 1IT EFFICIENCIES 2SMART DATA 3CLOUD ANALYTICS STAGE 1 The focus is on saving money and reducing risk. You may have already begun some of these initiatives; we leverage what’s working now as we discover new ways to increase efficiency. STAGE 2 We begin to modernize applications to handle the demands of advanced analytics. Faster, reusable, and more intuitive applications will enable everyone in your organization to work smarter. STAGE 3 Significant improvements in performance are realized when you achieve success in managing the flow of information at scale and derive the fullest value from your data. IT Maturity ▶ Data center consolidation ▶ Server and data consolidation ▶ Increased automation ▶ Modernized security posture and metrics ▶ Reduced licensing costs ▶ Enhanced Enterprise Data Architecture ▶ Clarify pedigree (data tagging) ▶ Multidimensional indexing ▶ Adopt distributed database ▶ Reusable applications ▶ Create deep insight into relevant mission data at scale ▶ Ask and answer previously unanswerable questions
  • 9. A Better Approach As the leaders in cloud analytics, Booz Allen Hamilton has a proven approach delivered by some of the industry’s best talent. Here’s why we’re different: Section 2.0 Differentiation: Introduces and diagrams the Architecture, and explains how it reflects Booz Allen Hamilton’s unique approach. You’ll also read about our core design principles, extensive service offerings, and technology choices. Pages 10–15 Section 3.0 Depth: Takes the Architecture apart layer by layer with detailed visuals, design concepts, and recommended solutions from the cloud vendor landscape. The section ends with a look at how security is built into all levels. Pages 16–30 Section 4.0 Successes: Presents real-world examples from our extensive file of case studies. We present the solutions and challenges, describe and diagram the implementations, and explain the results. Pages 31–35 A LOOK AHEADTechnical framework Our Architecture combines the collective experience of thousands of people who have road tested technologies from across the cloud solution landscape in hundreds of client organizations, ranging from the U.S. Federal Government to commercial and international clients. Best practices We have an exclusive set of lessons learned and breadth of technical knowledge that saves time and money while reducing risk. Core principles These are “rules of the road” we’ve developed to build the most effective solution with the highest return on investment. They encompass everything from how data should be stored to how to improve relationships with the end users of your data. Critical skill sets We bring technologists as architecture and solutions specialists, domain experts who know your industry and your data, and data scientists who explore and examine data from disparate sources and recommend how best to use it. No one else in the industry offers a better combination of talent. Vendor neutrality Our approach utilizes a broad ecosystem of products and custom systems culled from an exhaustive survey of available options. In the crowded, fragmented, and continually evolving landscape of cloud solutions, we recommend only the best fit and value for your organization. 2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth4.0|Successes 1.0|Summary 9
  • 10. Differentiation Booz Allen Hamilton’s approach to cloud analytics is unmatched in the industry. Read about our unique principles and best practices. in this section 2.0
  • 11. 11 Streaming Indexes The Booz Allen Hamilton Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture incorporates a wide range of services to move from a technology infrastructure with chaotic, distributed data burdened by noise to large- scale data processing and analytics characterized by speed, precision, security, scalability, and cost efficiency. However, Booz Allen Hamilton’s approach is about much more than infrastructure. We start with your need to make better sense and better use of your mission data, and build from there. Human Insights and Actions Enabled by customizable interfaces and visualizations of the data Services (SOA) Analytics and Discovery Views and Indexes Data Lake Metadata Tagging Data Sources Infrastructure/ Management Analytics and Services Your tools for analysis, modeling, testing, and simulations Data Management The single, secure repository for all of your valuable data Infrastructure The technology platform for storing and managing your data Visualization, Reporting, Dashboards, and Query Interface A FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY Page 30 details our security processes 1.0|Summary3.0|Depth4.0|Successes A Layered Framework 2.0|Differentiation
  • 12. cloud strategy and economics Delivery of strategy, technology, and economic analysis for evaluating and planning all of the business, technical, operational, and financial aspects of a cloud transition vdi deployment and integration Delivery of flexible and dynamic virtual desktop infrastructure to simplify management, reduce licensing costs, and increase desktop security and data protection requirements Cloud application migration Expertise in the assessment, prioritization, architectural mapping, re-engineering, and optimization of workloads that have high value and are ready for migration to the cloud cloud security Unified risk management approach to define cloud security requirements, controls, and a continuous monitoring framework to address data protection, identity, privacy, regulatory, and compliance risks data center migration and optimization Identify critical factors, design, and execute the transformation of legacy IT systems to virtualized and cloud computing environments advanced cloud analytics Delivery of scalable analytics platforms allowing the processing of information at extreme scale; and eDiscovery: high-volume, full text indexing, and context-based search of information software and platform Expertise in the secure implementation of SaaS and PaaS service delivery models, data migration, and integration with existing enterprise infrastructure and applications infrastructure Design and implementation of IaaS offerings to provide global access to data storage, computing, and networking services on demand through self-service portals Booz Allen Hamilton Cloud Analytics Service Offerings
  • 13. 13 Human Insights and Actions Analytics and Services Data Management Infrastructure Data Integration Complex Ecosystem We’ll help you navigate the crowded, fragmented, and continually evolving vendor ecosystem to design a best-of-breed solution for your organization. 1.0|Summary3.0|Depth4.0|Successes 2.0|Differentiation
  • 14. Booz Allen Hamilton Cloud Analytics Core Principles In-situ processing The Architecture demands that “you send the question to the data,” because most big data processes are disk I/O-bound. In-situ processing means that most of the computation is done locally to the data, so that analytics run faster. This can enhance existing analytic capabilities and/or allow you to ask entirely new types of questions. Data tagging You can now afford to tag all of your data for sensitivity or other controls (such as geographic). This is the fastest, most reliable way to instrument change across your entire Data Lake. Use commodity hardware Hardware should be expected to fail as the normal condition. The Architecture supports both scalability and fault tolerance to achieve optimal application load balancing. Economies of scale What used to be called service-oriented architecture (SOA) means that you can define the value and cost of services in your enterprise, and plan your development actions, either to reduce the cost of low-value components or increase the scale of high- value components. Schema on read If you have all the source data indexed and query- able, plus the ability to create aggregations, then you can manage complex ontologies and demands in a very efficient manner. Change development process In order to develop a tight, iterative relationship with your end users, you can develop/research a new capability in hours (not months), and the process of discovery and integration with the rest of the enterprise begins much sooner, too. Throw away nothing Near-linear scalable hardware and software systems allow much more data to be stored, which enable reprocessing of historical data with new algorithms and correlations that bring new insights.
  • 15. 15 Deeper Insights Analysts and Data Scientists ▶▶ Create and use many views into the same data ▶▶ Automatically find trends and outliers ▶▶ Evaluate analysis methods to determine and enhance best-of-breed tradecraft Developers and Data Scientists ▶▶ No longer constrained by years-old schemas ▶▶ Catalog and index the data that is relevant today ▶▶ Free to create new views and reporting metrics ▶▶ Reference undiscovered trends in original data ▶▶ Apply advanced machine learning and statistical methods ▶▶ In-situ hypothesis testing System Administrators and IT Staff ▶▶ Reduce IT costs through commoditization and economies of scale ▶▶ Meet long-term scalability requirements DecisionMakers, Investigators, Interdictors, AND Analysts ▶▶ Real-time alerting, situational awareness, and dissemination specific to their clearance level ▶▶ Investigate and provide feedback on reporting ▶▶ Interact and search using tailored tools The Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture enables staff at all levels to quickly gather and act on granular insights from all of your available data, regardless of its format or location. Below are some of the ways human insights and actions are enhanced by this new framework, which fosters greater collaboration and teamwork, and, ultimately, delivers the highest business value from your information and your computing infrastructure. Analytics and Services Data Management InfrastructureHuman Insights and Actions 1.0|Summary3.0|Depth4.0|Successes 2.0|Differentiation
  • 16. Depth 3.0 We diagram and describe each layer of the Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture, including our design principles and technology choices. in this section
  • 17. 17 Infrastructure Data Management Human Insights and Actions Analytics and Services Reference Architecture Booz Allen Hamilton’s Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture provides a holistic approach to people, processes, and technology in four tightly integrated layers. Key Attributes By design, the Booz Allen Hamilton Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture: ▶▶ Is reliable, allowing distributed storage and replication of bytes across networks and hardware that is assumed to fail at any time ▶▶ Allows for massive, world-scale storage that separates metadata from data ▶▶ Supports a write-once, sporadic append, read-many usage structure ▶▶ Stores records of various sizes, from a few bytes up to a few terabytes in size ▶▶ Allows compute cycles to be easily moved to the data store, instead of moving the data to a processer farm Human Insights and Actions Building on results and outputs from various analytical methods, multiple data visualizations can be created in your new cloud analytics solution. These are used to compose the interactive, real-time dashboard interfaces your decision-makers and analysts need to make sense of your data. Analytics and Services Both traditional and “Big Data” tools and software can operate on the information stored in your Data Lake, producing advanced specific analysis, modeling, testing, and simulations you need for decision making. Data Management Your Data Lake is a secure, distributed repository of a wide variety of data sources. Security, metadata, and indexing of Big Data are enabled by distributed key value systems (NoSQL), but the Architecture allows for traditional relational databases as well. Infrastructure This foundational layer allows for quick, streamlined, low-risk deployment of the cloud implementation. The plug-and-play, vendor-neutral framework is unique to Booz Allen Hamilton. layer 1 layer 2 layer 3 layer 4 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes A FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY Page 30 details our security processes 3.0|Depth
  • 18. Analytics and Services Monitoring Exploratory Geospatial Line Chart Human Insights and Actions layer 1 architecture model
  • 19. Human Insights and Actions(continued) TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES HTML5, JavaScript, OWF, Synapse Commercial products (Splunk, Pentaho, Datameer Business Infographics, etc.) Adobe Flex and Adobe Flash Lightweight, custom web-based applications and dashboards tailored to specific user communities or stakeholders for data exploration, event alerting, and monitoring, as well as continuous quality improvement Out-of-the-box, easy-to-build dashboards for historical trending and real-time monitoring to analyze user transactions, customer behavior, network patterns, security threats, and fraudulent activity Despite the rise of HTML5, Adobe Flex and Flash applications still remain strong candidates for quickly building and deploying rich user interfaces In analytics solutions built on the Architecture, the data that’s available and the desired results drive the interfaces— not the other way around. When user communities and stakeholders aren’t restricted by their tools, they can perform complex visualizations to identify patterns they previously couldn’t see. That freedom defines the guiding principles behind this first layer of the Architecture: ▶▶ Design and build the framework so that the desired data and analytic results define the visualization ▶▶ Reuse results and outputs of analytics across different visualizations ▶▶ Decouple the underlying analytics and data access from the visualizations and interfaces so that it’s possible to build customized, interactive dashboard interfaces composed of dynamically linked visualizations PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes 3.0|Depth 19
  • 20. Analytics and Services layer 2 architecture model Human Insights and Actions Time Series Social Network Analysis R, SAS, Matlab, Mathematica MapReduce, Hive, Pig, Hama
  • 21. Frequently where data is concerned, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. In the most strategic business decisions, the ability to combine multiple types of analyses creates a holistic picture that can lead to much more valuable insight. With the Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture, you can implement different types of analytical methods. This integrated approach is an anchor for the guiding principles behind our Analytics and Services layer: ▶▶ Allow both traditional and Big Data analysis tools and software to operate on a centralized repository of data (the DataLake) ▶▶ Integrate results and outputs of analyses and visualize them on dashboards for decision making ▶▶ Decouple tools from the various types of analyses to make the system more extensible and adaptable ▶▶ Include a service-oriented architecture layer to reuse results and outputs in many different ways relevant to different stakeholders and decisionmakers ▶▶ Incorporate Certified Catastrophe Risk Analysis (CCRA) to allow a variety of data analysis tools and software to be integrated and used; it also enables results and outputs of analyses to be visualized and used across multiple interfaces TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES Data Mining Machine Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Network Analysis Statistical Analysis Data mining is used to discover patterns in large datasets and draws from multiple fields including artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistics, and database systems. Machine learning is used to learn classifiers and prediction models in the absence of an expert and employs many algorithms in the areas of decision trees, association learning, artificial neural networks, inductive logic programming, support vector machines, clustering, Bayesian networks, genetic algorithms, reinforcement learning, and representation learning. NLP is used to process unstructured and semi-structured documents for the purposes of information retrieval, sentiment analysis, statistical machine translation, and classification. Network analysis using graph theory and social network analysis are used to understand association and relationships between entities of interests. Traditional statistical methods using univariate and multivariate analysis on relatively small datasets are employed to make inferences, test hypotheses, and summarize data. Analytics and Services (continued) PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes 3.0|Depth 21
  • 22. Analytics and Services (continued) discovering your data layer 2 Technical framework Discovery is intimately related to search and analysis. All three feed into insight in a nonlinear fashion. A search-discovery-analytics process that solves business problems without consuming disproportionate resources meets these user needs: ▶▶ Real-time, ad hoc access to content ▶▶ Aggressive prioritization based on importance to the user and the business ▶▶ Data-driven decision making, which relies on the ability to try different approaches and ideas in order to discover previously unimagined insights ▶▶ Feedback/learning from the past intelligently applied to today’s data Before working with Booz Allen Hamilton, most clients faced a fundamental challenge with data discovery.They didn’t know what data was actually available or how to sort through all of it to identify the most important business problems or trends it could reveal. Search Analytics Discovery How Booz Allen Hamilton simplifies discovery Other solutions require analysts to break down data into numerous subsets and samples before it can be digested. This expensive, time-consuming process is one of the major roadblocks to turning data into true business intelligence. Even though the Booz Allen Hamilton Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture supports the most advanced analysis, it can also allow your staff to sift through all of your data on a basic level. Without tedious or sophisticated sampling and complex tools, they can discover what’s useful and what’s not useful for a specific business problem. How does the Architecture support fast, efficient, and scalable search on entire datasets, not just samples? ▶▶ Bulk and soft real-time indexing enable the solution to handle billions of records with subsecond search and faceting ▶▶ Large-scale, cost-effective storage and processing capabilities accommodate “whole data” consumption and analysis; in-memory caching of critical data ensures applications meet performance requirements ▶▶ NLP and machine learning tools can scale to enhance discovery and analysis on very large datasets
  • 23. HOW THE DATA SCIENCE LIFECYCLE DISTILLS INSIGHTS Step 1 First, data is sampled using a cloud analytics platform. This step may involve a sophisticated analytic that runs in the cloud, such as one that crawls a social network to find people with certain types of relationships with an individual or organization. This sampling can be done using either high-level query languages that are specially made for scalable cloud analytics or low-level developer interfaces. Step 2 Next, a data scientist models the data sample in order to understand it better. This is usually done using a statistical modeling environment on the data scientist’s workstation. Step 3 Finally, once a trend is established using the model, the data scientist works with analysts and domain experts to explain the trend and yield insights. This cycle is repeated until the data science team reaches actionable insights and intelligence that can be presented to senior leadership for decision making purposes. Information may be delivered in a visualization, dashboard, or written report. The data science lifecycle consists of three basic steps: Analytics and Services (continued) 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes 3.0|Depth 23
  • 24. Data Management Human Insights and Actions Analytics and Services StructuredBatch Unstructured layer 3 architecture model
  • 25. A central feature of the Architecture, the Data Lake delivers on the promise of cloud analytics to offer previously hidden insights and drive better decisions. It’s a secure repository for data of all types and origins. Instead of precategorizing data, which restricts its usability from the moment it enters your organization, the Architecture combines unstructured, structured, and streaming data types and makes them available for many different forms of analysis. The following principles demonstrate how the Architecture enables your organization to use this repository of enterprise data to the best advantage: ▶▶ Provide inherent replication of the data through a distributed file system ▶▶ Use distributed key value (NoSQL) data storage to enable security and metadata tagging at the data level as well as indexing for specialized retrieval ▶▶ Relax schema constraints and provide the flexibility to adapt to changing data sources and types with the schema-on-read approach of distributed key value data storage ▶▶ Store the Data Lake on commodity hardware and scale linearly in performance and storage ▶▶ Don’t presummarize or precategorize data ▶▶ Enable rapid ingest of data, aggressive indexing, and dynamic question-focused datasets through scale TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) Accumulo Hbase, Cassandra, MongoDB Neo4j The primary open-source, distributed storage system creates multiple replicas of data blocks and distributes them on compute nodes throughout a cluster to enable reliable, rapid computations. NoSQL store based on Google’s BigTable design features cell- level security access labels and a server-side programming mechanism that can modify key/ value pairs at various points in the data management process. Open-source NoSQL databases focused on a combination of consistency, availability, and partition tolerance. NoSQL scalable graph database storing data in nodes and the relationships of a graph. 3.0|Depth Data Management (continued) 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes 3.0|Depth PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES 25
  • 26. DATA LAKE Booz Allen Hamilton works with organizations in corporate and government sectors that have an urgent need to make sense of volumes of data from diverse sources, including those that had been inaccessible or extremely difficult to utilize, such as streams from social networks. Now analysts and decisionmakers can form new connections between all of this data to uncover previously hidden trends and relationships. Intrusion and malware detection Enterprise Data Machine-to- machine communication Transaction logs Sensor Data Fraud Detection healthcare Email Reports Financials Press Articles Finance Enhanced Forecasting Defense Enhanced Situational Awareness Government Regulatory Compliance Cyber Security Logs Quarterly Filings System Logs Data Management (continued) layer 3 Individual organizations require different types of data. Not all types of data listed above may apply to every organization.
  • 27. 27 Booz Allen Hamilton’s strategy and technology consultants are highly regarded subject matter experts. Through groundbreaking conference keynotes, whiteboard talks, and papers, they help educate and shape the analytics industry. We invite you and your team to take advantage of the educational resources listed below to gain strategic insights about the use of analytics, explore technical topics in depth, and stay on top of the latest trends. Presentations Yahoo! Hadoop Summit: Biometric Databases and Hadoop Invented and demonstrated methods for dense data correlation (e.g., imagery and biometrics) within a Hadoop distributed computing platform using new machine learning parallel methods. Yahoo! Hadoop Summit: Culvert—A Robust Framework for Secondary Indexing of Structured and Unstructured Data Demonstration of Booz Allen Hamilton’s secondary indexing solutions and design patterns, which support online index updates as well as a variation of the HIVE query language over Accumulo and other BigTable-like databases to allow indexing one or more columns in a table. Slidecast: Hadoop World—Protein Alignment Demonstration of advanced analytics in using protein alignment sequences to identify disease markers using Hadoop, HBase, Accumulo, and novel machine learning concepts. Slidecast: Innovative Cyber Defense with Cloud Analytics Presentation on improving intelligence analysis through a hybrid cloud approach to analytics, with descriptions and diagrams from Booz Allen Hamilton client solutions. Slidecast: Integrating Tahoe with Hadoop’s MapReduce Invented and demonstrated method to use least-authority encrypted file system as plugin to HDFS within Hadoop cluster. Papers Massive Data Analytics in the Cloud Overview of the business impact of cloud computing, and how data clouds are shaping new advances in intelligence analysis. Videos Cloud Whiteboard Playlist Short instructional videos on a range of topics from introductory talks for executives to tutorials for data analysts. Check back frequently for new material. Cloud Analytics for Executive Leadership Booz Allen Hamilton Principal Josh Sullivan discusses how analysis of data can be used as a tool to provide insight to executives. Informed Decision Making: Sampling Techniques for Cloud Data Booz Allen Hamilton Data Scientist Ed Kohlwey explains how sampling large amounts of data can be useful for program managers to make informed decisions. Developer Perspectives: The FuzzyTable Database Booz Allen Hamilton Data Scientist Drew Farris explains how to use the FuzzyTable biometrics database. Workshop O’Reilly Strata Conference: Beyond MapReduce—Getting Creative with Parallel Processing Technical discussion of MapReduce as an excellent environment for some parallel computing tasks and the many ways to use a cluster beyond MapReduce. Enhanced Media Content Learn More Scan the QR code, or go directly to: boozallen.com/cloud 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes 3.0|Depth
  • 28. Infrastructure Virtual Desktop Integration Human Insights and Actions Analytics and Services layer 4 architecture model
  • 29. Infrastructure is the foundation for any cloud implementation. What makes the Booz Allen Hamilton Cloud Analytics Reference Architecture unique is its plug-and-play, vendor-neutral framework. This framework not only allows a greater range of choices in selecting resources and building services, it also allows for a faster, more streamlined, more secure, and lower risk deployment. The following principles guide the infrastructure layer of the Architecture: ▶▶ Make it easy to transform physical resources from legacy IT systems to secure, virtualized data centers and trusted cloud computing environments ▶▶ Implement core services to provide the mechanisms to realize on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service ▶▶ Employ virtualization to increase utilization of existing assets and resources, and improve operational effectiveness ▶▶ Engineer in-depth security to provide controls and continuous monitoring in order to fully address data protection, identity, privacy, regulatory, and compliance risks Infrastructure (continued) TECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, Puppet, VMware, vSphere Security through VMware, McAfee, Symantec, Cisco, TripWire, EnCase Cloud tool chain for provisioning, configuration, orchestration, and monitoring of virtual environment. These tools provide the building blocks for IaaS, PaaS, and foundation for SaaS. Run multiple operating systems and virtual network platforms on the same hardware— sharing computing, storage, and networking resources. Protect assets—physical, logical, and virtual—while automating governance and compliance. PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation4.0|Successes 3.0|Depth 29
  • 30. Assets to Be Protected Threats and Processes that Require Security Organizational Security Governance | Supply Chain | Strategic Partnerships Geography Distributed Sites | Remote Workers | Jurisdictions Time Dependencies Transaction Throughput | Lifetimes and Deadlines Business Business Layer Business Attributes Security Requirements to Support the Business Control and Enablement Objectives Resulting from Risk Assessment Technical and Management Security Strategies Trust Relationships Security Domains, Boundaries, and Associations Roles and Responsibilities Time Dependencies When Is Protection Relevant? Conceptual Business Layer Business Information to Be Secured Security and Risk Security Entities Security Services Authentication Confidentiality and Integrity Protection | Strategic Partnerships Interrelationships Attributes Management Policy Logical Business Layer Security-Related Data Structures Tables | Messages | Pointers | Certificates | Signatures Security Rules Conditions | Practices | Procedures Human Interface Screen Formats | User Interaction Access Control | Systems Time Dependencies Sequence of Processes and Sessions Security Mechanisms Encryption | Access Control | Digital Signatures Security Infrastructure Physical Layout of Hardware, Software, and Communication Lines Physical Business Layer Security IT Products Risk Management Tools for Monitoring and Reporting Security Process Tools, Standards, and Protocols Time Dependencies Time Schedules | Clocks | Timers and Interrupts Personnel Management Tools Identities | Roles | Functions | Access Controls | Lists Locator Tools Dynamic Inventory of Nodes | Addresses and Locations Component Business Layer Service Delivery Management Assurance of Operational Continuity Operational Risk Management Risk Assessment | Monitoring and Reporting Management of Environment Buildings | Sites | Platforms and Networks Management Schedule Security-Related | Calendar and Timetable Management of Security Operations Admin | Backups | Monitoring | Emergency Response Personnel Management Account Provisioning | User Support | Management Service Management a framework for security The Architecture is designed to protect your data at rest and in flight, with security controls embedded in each layer.This is obviously more than just a technology challenge.We understand the need to embed new processes and training regimens so your staff handles sensitive data correctly.We also advise you on how to secure your facilities and ensure that all off- premise facilities have the right controls in place as well. Reference Architecture Security Framework
  • 31. 31 Successes 4.0 These case studies show how Booz Allen Hamilton uses superior technology and analytics expertise to solve complex problems for clients in a wide range of corporate and government sectors. in this section Case Studies 4.0|Successes 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth
  • 32. Improving Intelligence Analysis To fulfill their mission, this organization requires data correlation, quick access to analytic results, ad-hoc queries, advanced scalable analytics, and real-time alerting. To provide their analysts with a continuous pipeline of prioritized, actionable information, they needed a secure, scalable, automated solution that would more quickly and precisely sift through large (and growing) volumes of complex data characterized by a variety of formats and noise. In addition, they needed to leverage their existing analytics infrastructure in the new platform. Booz Allen Hamilton worked closely with the client to adopt a data cloud implementation by augmenting the legacy relational databases with cloud computing and analytics. The design focused on keeping transactional-based queries in the current relational databases, while doing the “heavy lifting” in the cloud and outputting the interesting, processed, or desired analytic results into relational data stores for quick transactional access. With many existing systems and applications dependent on the legacy relational database for transactional queries of data, Booz Allen Hamilton pulled together excess servers from the client’s infrastructure to build a hybrid cloud solution. Also, as the client’s needs change to adapt to the mission, the solution is scalable and flexible to support future innovation and evolution without reengineering. Interfaces and Visualizations Dashboards, web applications, client applications, and rich clients interfaced and integrated with advanced analytics infrastructure and legacy relational databases through a SOA business logic layer. Analytics and Services The solution called for predictive analytics to forecast potential events from existing data and anomaly detection to extract potentially significant information and patterns. The solution leveraged the core principle of cloud analytics that enables automated analysis techniques, precomputation, and aggressive indexing. Data Management The data sources had multiple formats, were large in size, and distressed with noise. The solution created deep insight through fusion of different data types at scale. The solution enabled the ability to follow the lineage or pedigree of the data, allowing the client to map cost in relation to the value of the data or how well it is being used. Infrastructure The solution used Accumulo (distributed key value systems/NoSQL database) for content normalization and indexing, MapReduce as the precomputation engine, and HDFS for scalable ingest and storage. Rather than simply focus on gaining IT efficiencies by using cloud technology for infrastructure, Booz Allen Hamilton focused on applying cloud analytics and in-depth understanding of the organization’s operational and mission needs to extract more value faster from massive datasets. The new cloud solution provided immediate and striking improvements across the increasing volume of structured and unstructured data using aggressive indexing techniques, on-demand analytics, and precomputed results for common analytics. The final solution combined sophistication with scalability, moving the organization from a situation in which analysts stitched together sparse bits of data to a platform for distilling real-time, actionable information from the full aggregation of data. Impact Case Studies Example One Mission Solutions
  • 33. 33 Planning and Responding to Disaster This organization, which is responsible for disaster planning and response, found that social media could provide timely situational awareness for biological (and other disaster) events. They wanted a solution to better characterize and forecast emerging disaster events using social media data as it streams in real time. With such a solution in place, the organization could increase overall preparedness by leveraging event characterization to accurately predict the impact and improve the response. In order to reach their goal, the organization needed higher levels of confidence in the social media data on which they would base their decisions. The specific challenges the new solution had to overcome included data ingestion and normalization, social media vocabulary, social media characterization, information extract, and geographical isolation of events. Booz Allen Hamilton developed a framework to capture, normalize, and transform open-source media used to characterize and forecast disaster events, in real time. The framework incorporated computational and analytical approaches to turn the noise from social media into valuable information using algorithms such as term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), natural language processing (NLP), and predictive modeling to characterize and forecast the numbers of sick, dead, and hospitalized, as well as to extract symptoms, geography, and demographics for specific illness events. The solution framework was implemented in the cloud, taking advantage of the flexible computational power and storage. The new cloud infrastructure allowed Booz Allen Hamilton’s data capturing and visualization tool, Splunk, to mine through and analyze vast amounts of data in real time, while outputting characterization and forecasting metrics of captured events. Interfaces and Visualizations The solution included dashboards that characterized events captured in social media. The visual analyses include event extraction counts, time series counts, forecasting counts, a symptom tag cloud, and geographical isolation. Analytics and Services TF-IDF and NLP algorithms were used to classify and extract relevant information from the data. Booz Allen Hamilton developed predictive models for forecasting event frequency and counts. The algorithms were written in Python and incorporated into Splunk located on Amazon Web Services (AWS). Data Management The solution framework captured live, streaming open- source media such as Twitter and RSS feeds. Data was captured in Splunk and stored on AWS. The new Booz Allen Hamilton solution, which builds upon current best practices in cyber terrorism, enables near real-time situational awareness through a standalone surveillance system that captures, transforms, and analyzes massive volumes of social media data. By leveraging social media data and analytics for more timely and accurate disaster characterization, the organization is able to more effectively plan and respond. Impact Case Studies Example Two Mission Solutions Geotagging Link Analysis Predictive ModelingRisk Scoring Provider Profile Financial Licensing Exclusion ClaimsGeolocation Provider Registration Online Activities Cases/ Rulings Clean,Validate, Normalize, Integrate 4.0|Successes 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth
  • 34. Detecting Fraud and Abuse U.S. Medicare and Medicaid pay out approximately $750 billion each year to more than 1.5 million doctors, hospitals, and medical suppliers. By many estimates, about $65 billion a year is lost to fraud. This organization needed to be able to detect fraud in claim data streams and stop processing immediately; they also wanted to assign a fraud risk score to providers and patient data in order to prioritize their investigations. They were challenged by multiple disparate sources of data, including valuable historic data archived in currently inaccessible formats. In addition, fraud and abuse techniques are evolving rapidly, as are policies and technologies, so the final solution could not lock them into specific tools, data sources, or approaches to detection. Lastly, the solution had to allow them to operate in compliance with regulatory requirements and laws governing the use of personally identifiable information. Solution Booz Allen Hamilton used a variety of analytical techniques and detection methods to support the creation and maintenance of tools that allow organizations to stay ahead of criminals. The solution for this client integrates and combines the best technologies and analytics available to enable the analysis of multiple data sources. Booz Allen Hamilton built systems for routine detection that are designed to accept new data sources and techniques for detection. For example, Booz Allen Hamilton helped build a risk-scoring algorithm that drew information from multiple federal and civil data sources. The risk-scoring system is flexible enough to allow analysts to build new rules quickly, and the cloud architecture can then accurately rescore the entire population. Interfaces and Visualizations Users are given an interface to monitor overall provider risk. They can drill down into data on each provider to get more statistical information and visualizations to gain insight into specific risk factors and to compose forecasts. Analytics and Services Geotagging, risk scoring, and predictive modeling analysis are applied to the data. Specific predictive analyses include neural nets, clustering, and regression. A rule-based system is also used to detect many of the known kinds of fraud. Data Management The solution used a Data Lake to store multiple sources of data, including financial data, provider registration, geolocation, licensing, exclusion, Medicare and Medicaid claims, online activities, and cases and rulings. Identity matching could be performed against third- party background checks and criminal, credit, and business information. These different data sources were then cleaned, validated, normalized, and integrated to build provider profiles. For the first time, doctors and others who want to bill Medicare are being assessed based on their risk to commit fraud. Those who are deemed likely to commit fraud or have a record of investigations are rooted out. In addition, payers can better prioritize and target investigations to prevent improper payment or to recover funds. Mission Impact Logistic Regression Natural Language Predictive ModelingCorrelation Analysis Patient Profile Medication Diagnostic Data Medical Notes Electronic Health Records Time Series Data Hospital Records Package of Care Integration Case Studies Example Three
  • 35. 35 Predicting and Detecting Disease Case Studies Example Four This organization is charged with evaluating and measuring the efficacy of hospital compliance with SSC guidelines for addressing Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock (S4). They needed to develop a new solution for compliance analysis and early detection analysis in order to lower mortality rates and overall health costs related to S4. The final solution needed to allow them to mine Electronic Health Records (EHR) for clinical indicators that could lead to early detection of S4 and predict the development of S4 from sepsis. They also wanted to enable hospitals to harness the value of patient information to diagnose more quickly, and use this data to decrease the time between official diagnosis and implementation of the standard of care. Booz Allen Hamilton’s team led a cross-company project, Sepsis Intervention Outcomes Research (SIOR), that tapped analytical, clinical, economic, and informatics expertise. SIOR analyzed medical workers’ compliance with international standards of care for S4, and compared that compliance with patient outcomes. Booz Allen Hamilton’s advanced analytics experts helped develop an Event-Centric Ontology (ECO) that incorporated NLP of medical personnel notes. ECO provided a formalized vocabulary and framework for evaluating EHRs that expedited real-time discovery and harnessing of structured and unstructured data. Booz Allen Hamilton also developed a predictive model based on vital measurements at critical times to produce a risk score for developing S4 from sepsis. In addition, Mahalanobis distance plots from baseline showed that signals are present before POD, which allows for earlier detection of at-risk patients. Analytics and Services The solution used logistic regression, NLP, correlation, and time-series analyses. Data Management Booz Allen Hamilton obtained over 27,000 individual patient EHRs for analysis containing both structured and unstructured data spanning four hospitals and a period of 2 years. Compliance analysis suggests a strong correlation between compliance to SSC guidelines and decreased mortality. Early detection analysis indicates there may be a set of clinical indicators that could be used to identify patients at risk for developing S4, allowing their care to be prioritized. Booz Allen Hamilton developed an analytically expedient framework that allows for more efficient computation and discovery of underlying relationships, which can allow hospitals to expedite diagnosis and treatment and save more lives. Mission Solution Impact Posts in the Past 12 Hours 2:00 AM Wednesday July 25 2012 Results Results Results Results Number of Mentions Number of MentionsSparkline 4.0|Successes 1.0|Summary2.0|Differentiation3.0|Depth
  • 36. MENA Operating Offices Abu Dhabi • Cairo • Doha • Jeddah Jubail • Kuwait City • Riyadh +971-2-691-3600 www.boozallen.com/international About Booz Allen Hamilton Booz Allen Hamilton has been at the forefront of strategy and technology consulting for nearly a century. Today, the firm provides services to US and international governments in defense, intelligence, and civil sectors, and to major corporations, institutions, and not-for-profit organizations. Booz Allen Hamilton offers clients deep functional knowledge spanning strategy and organization, engineering and operations, technology, and analytics—which it combines with specialized expertise in clients’ mission and domain areas to help solve their toughest problems. Booz Allen Hamilton is headquartered in McLean, Virginia, employs approximately 25,000 people, and had revenue of $5.86 billion for the 12 months ended March 31, 2012. To learn more, visit www.boozallen.com. (NYSE: BAH) Version 1.0 | 12.090.12 © Copyright 2012 Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. All Rights Reserved. Prefer to read this on your iPad? Search “Booz Allen” at the iTunes App Store,® or simply scan the QR code above.