Towards the internet of value & trust. "To develop shared global compute infrastructure, we must first understand the status quo of infrastructure, ...and how to change it accordingly." Dimitri De Jonghe, lead developer of BigchainDB talking about blockchain technology beyond the financial sector.

1. Blockchain Beyond Finance
Towards the internet of value & trust
Dimitri De Jonghe

2. @DimitriDeJonghe
● 2008 Master micro-electronics (KULeuven)
● 2013 PhD on applying machine learning to
micro-electronics design (KULeuven)
● 2014 Machine learning startups (sydelity, scriptbook)
● >2014 founding member ascribe.io / BigchainDB
○ ascribe.io - bitcoin blockchain for online licensing
○ BigchainDB - scalable blockchain database
○ IPDB Foundation - interplanetary database, public
BigchainDB for commons
○ Interledger co-chair - the internet of blockchains
Micro-electronics
Machinelearning
Blockchain
● Dimitri De Jonghe
Blockchain technologist & enthusiast

11. “My conclusion is that whatever you put on the
internet you lose it.
Maybe keep the rights, but lose the power over
it.”
-User on Shapeways blog (3D printing marketplace)

12. (digital) attribution, title, value

13. Your assets, your claims

15. (Digital) Trust by intermediaries & institutions
$ ping www.google.com
< PING 172.217.17.36

16. Here’s
your
personal
data

17. Do you need the middlemen?
Can you take control of your data?

18. 2008 - Bitcoin

20. Shared single source of
truth and conduct
Inter-
mediary
Trusted third parties
peer to peer
decentralizedcentralized

21. Blockchain disrupts
Trusted Third Parties
Shared Single Source of Truth and Conduct

22. Blockchain:
A “Spreadsheet
in the Sky”

23. Shades of trust, reputation, blockchain...
Public: Open networks
Writers: Everyone can participate
Trust: World consensus
Applications:
● Decentralized apps
● Cryptocurrencies, programmable money
● Smart contracts
Private: Ecosystems, federations
Writers: Participants known/reputation
Trust: Federated consensus (eg vote)
Applications:
● Enterprise
● Disintermediation: Clearing & settlement
● Transparency: Supply chain, AML, audit
trails, provenance
● Ownership: exchange, partial, trustless

24. To develop shared global
compute infrastructure,
we must first understand the
status quo of infrastructure,
…and how to change it
accordingly.

25. To blockchain or not to blockchain?
● Need interaction with one or more parties?
● Do you want a crypto-secured shared single source of truth?
● Do you need apply and comply with a shared set of rules?

26. Status quo compute infrastructure
Modern apps use processing, file system, database
FILE SYSTEM
e.g. S3, HDFS
APPLICATION
PROCESSING
e.g. EC2, Azure
DATABASE
e.g. MySQL, MongoDB
PLATFORM
e.g. AWS, Google App Engine, Heroku
CONNECTNETWORKS
e.g.TCP/IP

27. Towards a decentralized compute infrastructure
FILE SYSTEM
e.g. S3, HDFS
APPLICATION
PROCESSING
e.g. EC2, Azure
DATABASE
e.g. MySQL, MongoDB
Bitcoin Blockchain?
PLATFORM
e.g. AWS, Google App Engine, Heroku
CONNECTNETWORKS
e.g.TCP/IP

28. Towards a decentralized compute infrastructure
FILE SYSTEM
e.g. S3, HDFS
APPLICATION
PROCESSING
e.g. EC2, Azure
DATABASE
e.g. MySQL, MongoDB
PLATFORM
e.g. AWS, Google App Engine, Heroku
CONNECTNETWORKS
e.g.TCP/IP
e-Cash/e-Gold
Bitcoin

29. Towards a decentralized compute infrastructure
FILE SYSTEM
e.g. S3, HDFS
IPFS, SWARM
APPLICATION
PROCESSING
e.g. EC2, Azure, Ethereum, Hyperledger, Tendermint, Lisk, Corda
DATABASE
e.g. MySQL, MongoDB
BigchainDB, IPDB
PLATFORM
e.g. AWS, Google App Engine, Heroku, Eris/Monax, BlockApps
CONNECTNETWORKS
e.g.TCP/IP,InterledgerILP
e-Cash/e-Gold
Bitcoin, zCash, Ripple,
Blockstream, Multichain

30. Decentralized Stack Interoperability
FILE SYSTEM
e.g. IPFS, SWARM
PROCESSING
e.g. Ethereum, Hyperledger, Tendermint, Lisk, Corda
DATABASE
e.g. BigchainDB, IPDB
PLATFORM
e.g. Eris/Monax, BlockApps
e-Cash/e-Gold
Bitcoin, zCash, Ripple,
Blockstream, Multichain
Protocols:
Interledger
IPLD
Hash Registry:
E.g uPort
Contract
Registry:
E.g dapp.registry
Oracles:
Push data
E.g. Oraclize
Backend
specific
OP-Codes
Configure stack: contract scripts, consensus, storage backends

31. 2016 onwards
● BaaS: Blockchain as a Service (Azure, Amazon, IBM, IPDB)
● Internet of value: connect blockchains and legacy (Interledger)
● Standardization: Asset definitions, comm. Protocols, API’s
● Borderless and instantaneous micropayments and exchanges
● Scalability: Big-data meets Blockchain (BigchainDB)
● Internet of things: digitization of real world assets
● Privacy: zero-knowledge proofs to mask transaction content
● Identity: e-governance, IoT identity on-chip
● ...

34. Provenance is important for
Authenticity
Chain of Ownership
Valuation

35. Why fight the physics of bits?

36. How to get
PROVENANCE
Of TITLE?
How to get
PROVENANCE
Of COPIES?

39. Status quo compute infrastructure
Modern apps use processing, file system, database
FILE SYSTEM
e.g. S3, HDFS
APPLICATION
PROCESSING
e.g. EC2, Azure
DATABASE
e.g. MySQL, MongoDB
PLATFORM
e.g. AWS, Google App Engine, Heroku
CONNECTNETWORKS
e.g.TCP/IP

40. ascribe: a partly decentralized app (DApp)
FILE SYSTEM
e.g. S3, HDFS
APPLICATION: ascribe.io
PROCESSING
e.g. EC2, Azure
DATABASE
e.g. MySQL, MongoDB
Bitcoin Blockchain
PLATFORM
e.g. AWS, Google App Engine, Heroku
CONNECTNETWORKS
e.g.TCP/IP
OP_RETURN: copyright + author + metadata/URIs

44. Examples

48. Creative Commons
cc.ascribe.io

49. Cyland Video Archive

50. IkonoTV

51. left.gallerycointemporary.comlumenus.co
Online Marketplaces

52. Swallow the WEB
ML Image Search
Analytics
How to get Provenance of COPIES?

53. whereonthe.net
Provenance of the COPIES
According to
WhereOnTheNet, Detail from
The Creation of Adam,
appeared on 4,548 websites
and 18,796 unique pages.
This image has had around 56
occurrences on Twitter, which
is less then 1% of all
occurrences.

54. Rogier van der Weyden, Portrait of a young Lady, around 1440/45, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin,
Gemäldegalerie
(Image: Public Domain)
Where is Portrait of a young Lady ?

56. Over 1279 copies

57. Website : wikiart.org/
Occurrences : 164

58. Provenance of TITLE (IP)
ascribe.io
Provenance of COPIES
whereonthe.net

59. 70 GB
3 tx/s
What about planetary scale?

60. Netflix uses 37% of Internet bandwidth
Using a modern distributed “big data” database
http://techblog.netflix.com/2011/11/benchmarking-cassandra-scalability-on.html
Writes / s vs. # nodes

61. Blockchain meets Big Data
Scalability
Queryability

62. 2 ways to scale up
Big data-fy blockchains
• Builds on man-decades of work
• Significant scalability hurdles
<or>
Blockchain-ify big data
• Builds on man-centuries (millennia?) of work
• Scalability challenges already resolved
• How to blockchain-ify? …

63. payment channels /
trust lines /
side chains (e.g. blockstream)
high-speed
trust line slow-speed sync
Big data-fy the blockchain

64. What’s the difference between a database and a csv file?
Querying. From M’s of records, find the relevant ones.
1 Line of standard code, optimized
vs
50-500 lines of slow custom code, unoptimized

65. How do “big data” databases scale?
Answer: Distribute storage across many machines, i.e. sharding
A “consensus” algorithm keeps
distributed nodes in sync.

66. Native assets
How to build a scalable blockchain database (BigchainDB)
1. Start with an enterprise-grade distributed DB, e.g. MongoDB
2. Engineer in blockchain characteristics
• Each DB node is a federation node
Decentralized /
Shared Control
• Append-only
• Chain hashes
Immutable /
Audit Trails
• “Own” = have private key
• Asset lives on the database

67. Federated Consensus Architecture
Blockchain Consensus
Database Consensus
IMPLEMENT A 2 PHASE CONSENSUS
FEDERATION
Single Database
or
MongoDB RethinkDB
Database Options

68. BigchainDB: Big Data meets Blockchain
- a blockchain database
Immutability
Decentralized Control
Native Assets
Scalable
Queryability
Operationalized
Traditional
Databases
Traditional
blockchains
BigchainDB

69. BigchainDB: simple contracts iso smart contracts

70. Product Roadmap
Fault
Tolerant
Multi-IN
Multi-OUT
Tx
Divisible
Tx
VM +
Policies
Tx +
Status
API
RethinkDB
Simple
Contracts
Query
Contracts
Change-
Feed
Watch
DB Wire
Firewall
Global
Block
ordering
List Query
API
Amazon
Blocks
Votes
API
Assets
Docker MongoDBAzure
BFT Block
ordering
Python
Driver
JS
Driver
Custom
Queries
Ethereum
IPFS
Zero
Knowledge
BigchainDB v0.8 V.0.9 + Q1 Q2 > Q2

71. Where is BigchainDB used today

72. Vertical:
IP – Music rights
Value proposition:
A streaming service owned by all

73. Vertical:
IP – Digital art
Value proposition:
Enables creators of digital art to get
compensated, via claiming attribution &
licensing
ascribe

74. Interledger
Vertical:
Identity
Value proposition:
Low-friction assurance, sovereign personal
data
Authenteq
©ITU/L.Berney, (CC BY

75. Interledger
Vertical:
Government – Land Registry
Value proposition:
Low-cost registry, less risk of corruption
BenBen
©ITU/L.Berney, (CC BY

76. Vertical:
ID - Education Credentials
Value proposition:
reduce fraudulent degrees, lower HR
friction
Recruit

77. Vertical:
Energy
Value proposition:
manage $ flow in energy deregulation

78. Vertical:
Supply Chain / Health
Value proposition:
government-mandated
transparent $ flow

79. Generating Opportunities: Vertical x Benefit
Decentralized /
Shared Control
Immutability /
Audit trail
Tokens /
Exchanges
Intellectual Property
Identity
Finance
Energy
Government
Dig art – ascribe
Supply Chain
R3
Retail marketplace -
OpenBazaar
RWE You?
You?
You?
Res( )nate
Tangent90 Everledger
Recruit
BenBen
Ownage

80. IPDB: Interplanetary Database
Powered by BigchainDB

81. • For everyone, everywhere
• Free until heavy usage, then pay web service style
• Initial tech is BigchainDB
• Member caretakers will operate validating nodes

82. IPDB Caretakers
Long-standing commitment to the decentralized internet
At least half non-profit
Fewer than half in any given country

83. IPDB Caretakes (so far)
Blockstack
COALA
Dyne.org
Internet Archive
OpenMedia
UnMonastery
ascribe / BigchainDB
Consensys
Eris/Monax Industries
Protocol Labs (IPFS)
SmartContract.com
Synereo
Tendermint

84. Taking the next step with blockchains
• Identify use cases, e.g. using tools here
• Validate use cases with blockchain experts
• Start experimenting, e.g github.com/bigchaindb
• Find the right expertise ;-)

85. Dimitri De Jonghe
dimi@bigchaindb.com
@DimitriDeJonghe
https://be.linkedin.com/in/dimitridejonghe
+32 496 80 94 14
My projects:
https://ascribe.io
https://bigchaindb.com
https://ipdb.foundation
https://github.com/bigchaindb
https://interledger.org
http://datanews.knack.be/ict/nieuws/bigchaindb-maakt-blockchain-principe-schaalbaar/article-normal-720789.htm
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Thanks for listening