This presentation was provided by David Wiley of Lumen Learning during a NISO Virtual Conference entitled Opening Up Education, held on April 19, 2017

1. Thoughts on OER:
Definitions, Adoption, and Delivery
David Wiley, PhD
Lumen Learning
@opencontent

2. Unless otherwise noted
this presentation is licensed CC BY 4.0

3. education = sharing

4. internet = a “sharing machine”

5. unprecedented capacity

6. except, it doesn’t

8. ©

9. Internet
Enables
Copyright
Forbids

10. Open Educational Resources (OER)

11. Which “open”?

12. open ≈ free

13. the internet is already free to
read / watch / listen to

14. open = a free grant of permissions

15. • Make and own a copyRetain
• Use in a wide range of waysReuse
• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise
• Combine two or moreRemix
• Share with othersRedistribute
The 5Rs

17. “Faux-pen”
1. Free (but gated) access
2. All rights reserved PLUS Terms of Use

18. Cost to
Students
Permissions
for Faculty
and Students
Commercial
Textbooks
Expensive Restrictive
“The Web”
MOOCs
Library Resources
“Free” Restrictive
Open Educational
Resources
Free 5Rs

19. choosing traditionally ©
materials

20. Internet
Enables
Copyright
Forbids

21. choosing open educational
resources

22. Internet
Enables
Open
Permits

23. OER Examples
Full courses, complete textbooks,
chapters, modules, videos, simulations,
assessments, syllabi, etc.

28. OER Adoption
Replacing whatever was previously in
the “Required Materials” section of your
syllabus with OER

29. OER Adoption
1. Improves affordability
2. Invigorates pedagogy
3. Improves student success
4. Does it at scale

32. Textbook Pricing in Context
One Month Access to… Costs…
Netflix – 20k Movies / TV Episodes $7.99 / month
Spotify – 15M Songs $9.99 / month
VitalSource – 1 Biology Textbook $28.37 / month

35. “Don’t stop at the swap”

36. Open Pedagogy
Pedagogy distinguished by permissions?

37. Open Pedagogy
• People learn through the things they do
• Copyright restricts what we’re
allowed to do
• Copyright restricts how we can learn
• Open permits us to learn in new ways

38. PM4ID

40. A Multi-Institutional Study of the
Impact of Open Textbook Adoption
on the Learning Outcomes of Post-
secondary Students
Fischer, Hilton, Robinson, and Wiley
Journal of Computing in
Higher Education (2015)

41. Research Context
• 4,909 treatment
• 11,818 control
• 50 different undergraduate courses
• 130 teachers
• 10 US institutions

42. Methodology
Quasi-experimental design with:
• Propensity score matched groups
• Dependent variables: Completion; C or Better;
Credits Enrolled This Term; Credits Enrolled
Next Term
• Independent variable: Textbook condition
• 3 covariates: age, gender, and race

43. Journal of Computing in Higher Education (2015)

44. Credits Taken
Semester OER Users Others Result
Fall 13.29 11.14 t (8101) = 27.81 p < .01
Winter 10.71 9.16 F(1, 6440) = 154.08, p <.01
Journal of Computing in Higher Education (2015)

45. A Preliminary Exploration
of the Relationships Between
Student-Created OER, Sustainability,
and Students Success
Wiley, Tonks, Webb, and Weston
International Review
of Research in Open and
Distance Learning (in press)

46. Research Context
• 181 middle and high school students
• Online, public, charter school with a
commitment to OER
• Course on Digital Photography
IRRODL (in press)

47. Methodology
• Students were invited to create / remix
open tutorials, study guides, and games
• Extra credit or TA credit
• From no to 5-10% student-created OER over
four years
• Compare student grades on course
assignments
IRRODL (in press)

48. IRRODL (in press)

49. impact.lumenlearning.com

50. Scale Vertically
“OER Degree” - Convert to OER at
least one section of every course
needed to earn a degree

51. Scale Vertically
OER degree initiatives like ATD (38),
VCCS Zx23 (23), CA legislature (20)

53. Scale Horizontally
Work to convert all sections of
highest enrolling courses to OER

54. Scale Horizontally
“Open General Education Pathway”
benefits all students on campus -
not just students in one degree

55. Successful Scaling
Requires strategic support
and investment

56. OER is “free
like sunshine”

57. Issues in OER Delivery
1. Managing licensing and attribution
2. Provide ongoing access to students
after end of semester
3. Monitoring newly published OER
4. Keeping OER up-to-date
5. Enabling cross-faculty collaborations
6. Syncing improvements across sections
7. LMS integration

58. Open Educational Resources
A free grant of the 5R permissions

59. Discussion!
@opencontent
david@lumenlearning.com