2. Introduction
(AP) Placed it in the category of Dhatu - fifth
in sequence.
Attributes the graha - Bhauma (Mangal) to
Yasada through Ara (Pittala) (AP)
Categorizes Pittala to be the Upadhatu of
Yasada. (AP)
Kharpara satwa
Abhava dravya of Rasaka
3.
4. Vernacular names
• Sanskrita - Yasada
• Hindi -Jasta
• Kannada -Yasada
• Tamil -Tuttu-nagam
• Malayalam -Tuttu-nagam
• Telugu -Sattu
• Marathi -Jasta
• English -Zinc
• Latin - Zincum
6. UTPATTI
In a very destructive war between the
Deva and Asura, from the body of three
Daityas, two types of Kharpara were given
rise to
Jasada and Savaka.
From among these, Jasada is to be used
for Rasayana Karma.
8. Historical consideration
First enumerated in dhatus by – Rasamadhava (AP)
Also Adhamalla (Commentator of Sarangdhara
samhita) has included this in metals.
Dr. D A Kulkarni through his Bharatiya Rasa
Sastra attributes the origination of the metal to
China .
10. Availability
Mines of Zinc ores are found in-
USA, Canada, Mexico, Peru, Italy, Poland,
Russia, Korea, Belgium, Cono & Australia
Bihar, Rajasthan, Tamilnadu, Punjab, Kashmir,
Madhyapradesh, Uttarpradesh
11. Grahya Laksana(RT)
छेदे समुज्जज्जवलं स्निग्धं मृदुलं निममलं था
द्रुथद्र वं मह भ रं यशदं ग्र हयमुच्यथे ॥ RT
On Cutting should be
Samujjwala : Uniformly glistening
Snigdha : continuous to touch
Mrdula : Seemingly soft
Nirmala : Clean, without visible impurities
12. Drtadrava : Melting on applying ordinary
heat.
Mahabhara : "Murti-laghutwa api mahabhara"
(AP)
i.e. appearing light but then too heavy
Sweta Varna : Clean, without visible impurities.
(RD)
Dantura : Toothed (RD)
14. Laghu : Light
Malina : With visible impurities
Citra : With visible impurities / dirty
appearance.
Neelaprabha : Not blue but bluish
15. Ashuddha Yasada seva janya vyadhi
If not purified properly such yashada on ingestion
causes-
Gulma
Prameha (Urinary flux)
Ksaya (Pthisis)
Kusta (Skin Diseases)
Ajirna (Indigestion)
Vatavyadhi (Neurological disorders)
Vanti (Vomiting)
Bhrama (giddiness)
16. Samanya Shodhana
Samanya shodhana- RRS
थैले थक्रे गव ं मुत्रे ह्य रि ले कु लत्ाजे
क्रम ि ् निषेचयेथ ् थप्थं द्र वे द्र वे थु सप्थध ॥
सुवर् मठद लोहपत्र र् ं शुद्धधरेष ं प्रशनयथे
Purified by heating & dipping in taila, takra,
gomutra, Aranala & Kulattha kwatha for 7
times each.
17. Vishesha Shodhana
यशदं द्र ववथं यत्ि थ् सप्थव रं ववध िथ:
लसन्दुव रलशफ द्र वे निपयेद्लभषज ं वर:॥ RT19/100
Melt Yashada
in iron spoon
Pour this
melted
yashada in
Nirgundi mula
svarasa
Repeat this
procedure for
7 times
18. Vishesa Shodhana
Ref. Media Activity
1. Brhat Rasa
Raja
Sundara
Milk Quenching / Dhalana
21 times
2. Rasa Tarangini Curnodaka OR
Nirgundi Swarasa OR
Sudha Dugdha
Quenching / Dhalana
7 times
3. Rasayana
Sara
Visesa in Godugdha Quenching / Dhalana
21 times
4. Rasendra
Purana
Milk
Arka Dugdha
Quenching / Dhalana
21 times
3 times
5. Rasendra
Vijnanam
Nimbu Swarasa Quenching / Dhalana
7 times
6. Rasa Darpana Godugdha/
Katutumbi Swarasa /
Haridra Yukta
Nirgundi Swarasa
Quenching / Dhalana
21 times
20. Marana
Mercury is added in molten Yasada in equal
quantity & immediately ground to paste
Later this paste is ground with lemon juice & washed
thoroughly
Equal Gandhaka is added & ground to make powder
Kept in Sharava samputa & incinerated in Gajaputa
After self cooling Bhasma is collected
21. Marana of Puti lohas is carried out in 3 stapes-
Jarana by
stirring
melted
metal with
some herb
root or
iron spoon
Formation of
paste/amalga
mation with
Hg or
Hartala etc.
Subjecting to
puta or given
high temp. to
centre of pan
26. Therapeutic Properties
It is mainly used in Prameha group of
disorders especially in Madhumeha.
also indicated in Pāndu, Shwāsa, Kāsa,
Vātavikāra, Netra roga, Nishāsveda,
Śleşmakālā Sankocaka,
Vranastrāvarodhana, Kampavāta.
It is effective in variety of disease along
with different anupānas.
28. Dose of Yashada bhasma
Dose-
½ to 1 Gunjā (RT)
(60 to 125mg)
29. Antidote to ill processed bhasma
To relieve side effects of Yasada
(Yasada vikar) - Rasaraja sundar
Bala
Harit
aki
Sugar
Taken
for 3
days
30. Aamayika prayoga (RT)
s.n. Anupana Rogoghnata
1 ½ Ratti with ghee as nasya daily for 1
month
Sinus weakness due to
constant rhinitis
2 With pravala bhasma Night sweating
3 With abhraka bhasma & honey Status asthamaticus
4 With swarna vanga depression
5 With Rasasindura Mental depression
6 With swarna bhasma Vyosapasmara
31. Modern review
Symbol – Zn
Atomic Number – 30
Atomic Weight – 65.38
Electronic Configuration – 2, 8, 18, 2
Group : II B
Valency : 2
32. Melting Point – 419.4ºC
Boiling Point – 920ºC
Density : 7.14
Malleable at : 100º C to 150º C
Crystal structure : hexagonal
Specific Gravity – 7.14
33. Dietry sources of Zinc
Animal sources:
-liver, milk and dairy products, eggs.
Vegetable sources:
-Good vegetable sources are unlimited cereals,
legumes, pulses, oil seeds, yeast cells and
vegetables (spinach).
34. Distribution
An adult man weighing 70Kg contains -
approximately 1.4 to 2.3 grams of Zinc in the body.
It is distributed in different parts of the body as
follows:
High (70 to 86mg/100g) :in skin and prostate.
Average (15 to 25mg/100g) :in bones and teeth.
Low (2.3 to 5.5mg/100g) :in brain and lungs.
35. Absorption
small percentage of dietary Zinc is absorbed
-occurs mainly from duodenum and ileum.
Zinc- binding factor:
low molecular weight Zinc-binding factor is
secreted by the pancreas,
which forms complex with Zinc and helps in its
absorption.
36. Excretion
In a normal healthy adult human,
approximately 9.0mg of Zinc excreted through
faeces
0.5mg excreted through urine
and 0.5mg is retained in the body.
Sweat: Trace amount is excreted through sweat.
37. Blood level
650 to 680μg of Zinc per 100ml.
mainly present in red blood cells
Plasma
120 to 140 μg/100ml of plasma, mostly in
combination with serum albumin.
38. Requirement
0.3mg Zinc/Kg body weight.
Adult men & women -15 to 20mg.
pregnant & lactating women -25mg and
infants and children -3 to 15mg.
39. Toxicity
The toxicity of Zn is low in humans.
0.02 grams or more of Zinc sulphate taken orally
require to produce the characteristic symptoms
like acute gastrointestinal irritation, vomiting,
dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, abdominal
pain, nausea.
Inhalation of Zn fumes can produce metal fume
fever.
In general however Zinc is much less toxic than
other trace elements.