This document discusses the composition and types of white blood cells (leukocytes). It explains that leukocytes are formed partially in the bone marrow and lymph tissue and transported via blood to different parts of the body. There are two main types of leukocytes - granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) and agranulocytes (lymphocytes, monocytes). The document provides details on the characteristics, functions and life spans of these different types of white blood cells. It emphasizes that leukocytes are mobile defensive cells that play an important role in the body's immune system.
2. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
The circulating blood is composed of
plasma and cells.
The cells are red cells (or erythrocytes),
white cells (or leukocytes) and platelets.
5. mobile units of the body’s protective
system
formed partially in the bone marrow and
partially in the lymph tissue
transported in the blood to different parts
of the body where they are needed
have a special ability to “seek out and
destroy” a foreign invader
12. SITES OF HAEMOPOIESIS
Yolk sac
Liver and spleen
Bone marrow
Gradual
replacement of
active (red)
marrow by inactive
(fatty) tissue
Expansion can
occur during
increased need for
cell production
13. LIFE SPAN
Granulocytes – 4 to 8 hours in circulation
and another 4 to 5 days in tissues where
they are needed.
Monocytes have a transit time of 10 to 20
hours in circulation and once enter the
tissues they transform into tissue
macrophages and can live for months
Lymphocytes can live for weeks to
months when they are continually
circulate through lymph nodes and other
lymphatic tissue
14. The adult
human being
has about
4000 – 11,000
white blood
cells per
microliter of
blood
15. NEUTROPHIL
Neutral loving
Nucleus has 2-5 lobes connected by thin
strands of nuclear material
Often called polymorphoneuclear
leukocyes (PMNs)
Azurophilic granules
Participate in cellular immunity
through phagocytosis
16. EOSINOPHIL
Eosin- loving
Bilobed nucleus
Contain large coarse orange-red granules
Involved in allergic reactions and
parasitic infestations
17. BASOPHIL
Basic- loving
Nucleus has two lobes
Blue - purple colored granules that
obscure the nucleus
Involved in hypersensitivity
reactions
18. LYMPHOCYTE
Dark colored round or slightly intended
nucleus
Rim of cytoplasm
Large lymphocytes (10-14 μ)
Small lymphocytes (6-9 μ)
Involed in production of
antibodies
19. MONOCYTE
Largest blood cell (12-20μ )
Has kidney shaped or horse-shoe shaped
nucleus
Cytoplasm is blue-grey and has foamy
appearance
Migrate to tissues and transform
into macrophages
Involved in phagocytosis,
& antigen processing
24. WHAT NEXT ???
IMMUNITY
Immunity is the body’s ability to resist or
eliminate potentially harmful foreign
materials or abnormal cells.
Leukocytes and their derivatives, along with
a variety of plasma proteins, make up the
immune system, an internal defense system
that recognizes and either destroys or
neutralizes materials within the body that are
foreign to the “normal self.”