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Dr. Ambika Jawalkar
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD 
 The circulating blood is composed of 
plasma and cells. 
 The cells are red cells (or erythrocytes), 
white cells (or leukocytes) and platelets.
LEUKOCYTES
GENERAL FEATURES OF 
LEUKOCYTES
 mobile units of the body’s protective 
system 
 formed partially in the bone marrow and 
partially in the lymph tissue 
 transported in the blood to different parts 
of the body where they are needed 
 have a special ability to “seek out and 
destroy” a foreign invader
Leucocytes
Leucocytes
TYPES OF WBC 
 Granulocytes 
Neutrophils 
Eosinophils 
Basophils 
 Agranulocytes 
Lymphocytes 
Monocytes
Leucocytes
LEUCOPOIESIS 
(GENESIS OF WBC)
Leucocytes
SITES OF HAEMOPOIESIS 
 Yolk sac 
 Liver and spleen 
 Bone marrow 
 Gradual 
replacement of 
active (red) 
marrow by inactive 
(fatty) tissue 
 Expansion can 
occur during 
increased need for 
cell production
LIFE SPAN 
 Granulocytes – 4 to 8 hours in circulation 
and another 4 to 5 days in tissues where 
they are needed. 
 Monocytes have a transit time of 10 to 20 
hours in circulation and once enter the 
tissues they transform into tissue 
macrophages and can live for months 
 Lymphocytes can live for weeks to 
months when they are continually 
circulate through lymph nodes and other 
lymphatic tissue
 The adult 
human being 
has about 
4000 – 11,000 
white blood 
cells per 
microliter of 
blood
NEUTROPHIL 
 Neutral loving 
 Nucleus has 2-5 lobes connected by thin 
strands of nuclear material 
 Often called polymorphoneuclear 
leukocyes (PMNs) 
 Azurophilic granules 
 Participate in cellular immunity 
through phagocytosis
EOSINOPHIL 
 Eosin- loving 
 Bilobed nucleus 
 Contain large coarse orange-red granules 
 Involved in allergic reactions and 
parasitic infestations
BASOPHIL 
 Basic- loving 
 Nucleus has two lobes 
 Blue - purple colored granules that 
obscure the nucleus 
 Involved in hypersensitivity 
reactions
LYMPHOCYTE 
 Dark colored round or slightly intended 
nucleus 
 Rim of cytoplasm 
 Large lymphocytes (10-14 μ) 
 Small lymphocytes (6-9 μ) 
 Involed in production of 
antibodies
MONOCYTE 
 Largest blood cell (12-20μ ) 
 Has kidney shaped or horse-shoe shaped 
nucleus 
 Cytoplasm is blue-grey and has foamy 
appearance 
 Migrate to tissues and transform 
into macrophages 
 Involved in phagocytosis, 
& antigen processing
REVIEW
REVIEW
WHY TO KNOW ABOUT 
LEUKOCYTES ?
Leucocytes
WHAT NEXT ??? 
IMMUNITY 
 Immunity is the body’s ability to resist or 
eliminate potentially harmful foreign 
materials or abnormal cells. 
 Leukocytes and their derivatives, along with 
a variety of plasma proteins, make up the 
immune system, an internal defense system 
that recognizes and either destroys or 
neutralizes materials within the body that are 
foreign to the “normal self.”

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Leucocytes

  • 2. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD  The circulating blood is composed of plasma and cells.  The cells are red cells (or erythrocytes), white cells (or leukocytes) and platelets.
  • 4. GENERAL FEATURES OF LEUKOCYTES
  • 5.  mobile units of the body’s protective system  formed partially in the bone marrow and partially in the lymph tissue  transported in the blood to different parts of the body where they are needed  have a special ability to “seek out and destroy” a foreign invader
  • 8. TYPES OF WBC  Granulocytes Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils  Agranulocytes Lymphocytes Monocytes
  • 12. SITES OF HAEMOPOIESIS  Yolk sac  Liver and spleen  Bone marrow  Gradual replacement of active (red) marrow by inactive (fatty) tissue  Expansion can occur during increased need for cell production
  • 13. LIFE SPAN  Granulocytes – 4 to 8 hours in circulation and another 4 to 5 days in tissues where they are needed.  Monocytes have a transit time of 10 to 20 hours in circulation and once enter the tissues they transform into tissue macrophages and can live for months  Lymphocytes can live for weeks to months when they are continually circulate through lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissue
  • 14.  The adult human being has about 4000 – 11,000 white blood cells per microliter of blood
  • 15. NEUTROPHIL  Neutral loving  Nucleus has 2-5 lobes connected by thin strands of nuclear material  Often called polymorphoneuclear leukocyes (PMNs)  Azurophilic granules  Participate in cellular immunity through phagocytosis
  • 16. EOSINOPHIL  Eosin- loving  Bilobed nucleus  Contain large coarse orange-red granules  Involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infestations
  • 17. BASOPHIL  Basic- loving  Nucleus has two lobes  Blue - purple colored granules that obscure the nucleus  Involved in hypersensitivity reactions
  • 18. LYMPHOCYTE  Dark colored round or slightly intended nucleus  Rim of cytoplasm  Large lymphocytes (10-14 μ)  Small lymphocytes (6-9 μ)  Involed in production of antibodies
  • 19. MONOCYTE  Largest blood cell (12-20μ )  Has kidney shaped or horse-shoe shaped nucleus  Cytoplasm is blue-grey and has foamy appearance  Migrate to tissues and transform into macrophages  Involved in phagocytosis, & antigen processing
  • 22. WHY TO KNOW ABOUT LEUKOCYTES ?
  • 24. WHAT NEXT ??? IMMUNITY  Immunity is the body’s ability to resist or eliminate potentially harmful foreign materials or abnormal cells.  Leukocytes and their derivatives, along with a variety of plasma proteins, make up the immune system, an internal defense system that recognizes and either destroys or neutralizes materials within the body that are foreign to the “normal self.”