Radish physiological disorders By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad

1. Spinach physiological disorders

2. Radish Physiological
Disorders
ToT to FFS Staff
By Mr. Allah Dad Khan
Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK
MINFAL

3. Radish Plants Phosphorus deficiency
Symptoms
• Growth dwarfed; leaves
lustreless dark green,
laminae and petioles dull
purple tints; older leaves
marginal scorch and wither
early.

4. Magnesium deficiency
Symptoms
Older leaves marked
intervenal chlorosis

5. Potassium deficiency
Synopsis
• Leaves backward curling
and scorching of margins.

6. Name of disorder: Pore extent,
Pore development or Pithiness
•
Crop: RadishDamage: Symptoms:
Pores are formed in the root. The quality of radish is reduced, destroying its commercial value.
• It is caused by excessive root growth in comparison with the corresponding assimilation ability of
leaf tissue. Physiologically, parenchymatous cells in root tissue are collapsed. Pore development is
a sign of senescence and its degree varies from variety to variety. Varieties forming early pores have
larger parenchymatous cells in roots, more tender basal tissue and lower starch content.
• Varieties showing early maturity, earlier enlargement of root and rapid reduction in T/R ratio (ratio
of the root weight R to the top weight T) have a tendency to form large pores.
• Reasons:
When harvesting is delayed, this disorder is more pronounced.
• There is no particular gene is identified which directly controls pore development, but genes
indirectly influence these physiological characteristics.
• Control:
To avoid the pore extent, harvesting should be done at appropriate time.
• As long term strategy, it is suggested that a variety with early root enlargement and late pore
development might be bred by crossing between varieties that had high assimilation ability and
early growth.

7. Name of disorder: Elongated root
or Forking
•
Crop: Radish, CarrotDamage: Symptoms:There is secondary
elongating growth in the roots that gives a look of fork like structure to the
root.Reasons:
Inter varietal variation are being considered to result from the degree of secondary
elongating growth. Elongated root relates closely to soil adaptation. Varieties with
vigorously elongated root, short root or round root have been selected in areas of
shallow arable soil and varieties with poorly elongated root, long root and huge
root have been cultivated in areas with deep soil conditions.
• The disorder is due to the excess moisture during the root development of radish
and carrot.
• It also occurs in heavy soil due to the soil compactness.
• Un-decomposed organic manure favours elongated root in radish.
• Control:
It can be corrected by reducing the moisture from the field, by balanced irrigation
and also by sowing the radish and carrot in sandy loam or light soil having soils of
loose and friable in nature.

8. • Name of disorder: Bolting
Crop: RadishSymptom:
Development of seed stalk without proper
development of economically important / edible
vegetative part is termed as bolting.
• Radish is a seed vernalizing crop in response to low
temperature.
• The degree of bolting ability has been studied because
of its disadvantage in cultivation, and breeding
research has been directed toward late bolting.
•

9. • Name of disorder: Pungency
Crop: RadishDamage / Symptom:
The taste of radish for fresh eating is one of the most important
quality traits.
• The pungent component of radish is 4-methylthio-3-butenyl
isothiocynate (MTB-ITC).
• It was confirmed that many varieties (temperate) were low in
contents of 4-methylthio-3-butenyl glucosinolate (MTB-GSL) (100-
200 mmol per 100 g fresh weight) preferred in Europe and USA.
• As a disorder roots become more pungent.
• Reasons:It happens due to high temperature and water stress
condition.Control:
Proper water management.
• Selection of variety as per season.

10. • NitrogenDeficiency
SymptomsThe Number and
size of leaves were reduced
and pale green colour of
leaves change to yellow
roots because thin, stiff and
fibrous.
• Correction MeasureFoliar
spray of urea @1%

11. • PotassiumDeficiency
SymptomsLeaf colour
change to pale yellow and
brown scorches appear at
laber stages. Violet streaks
appear on roots. Growth in
retarded.
• Correction MeasureFoliar
spray of KCl@1%

12. • MagnesiumDeficiency
SymptomsChlorotic on
nature leaves. Which later
abscise and fall off. The
roots are smaller in size,
stiff and pale in colour.
• Correction MeasureFoliar
spray of MgSO4@0.5-1.0%

13. • BoronDeficiency
SymptomsReduced growth
leaves become pale green.
• Correction MeasureF

14. • IronDeficiency
SymptomsChlorosis on
younger leaves. Storage
roots were reduced in size
and become pale in colour.
• Correction MeasureFoliar
spray of FeSO4@0.5-1%

15. • ManganeseDeficiency
SymptomsSymptoms seen
in young leaves; leaves
become pale yellow
• Correction MeasureFoliar
spray of MnSO4@0.5%