The document discusses several physiological disorders that can affect cabbage crops, including internal tipburn, black petiole, and pepper spot. It also covers issues like edema, J-rooting, magnesium deficiency, blindness, and leaf tipburn. For each disorder or issue, it provides the symptoms and possible remedies. It concludes by covering nutrient deficiencies for various minerals like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and others; listing the symptoms and recommended corrections for each deficiency.

2. Cabbage Physiological
Disorders
ToT to FFS Staff
By Mr. Allah Dad Khan
Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK
MINFAL

4. INTERNAL TIPBURN
 Internal tipburn of cabbage
can be an economic problem
in the United States and
northern Europe. Although
this disorder probably has
occurred to a limited extent
for a long time, the incidence
has become higher in recent
years because of the more-
intensive production practices
currently used to obtain
higher yields. White, red, and
savoy cabbage are all
affected.
Symptoms

5. BLACK PETIOLE
 Black petiole or black midrib
is an internal disorder of
cabbage that has been
occasionally noted in recent
years. It was first described in
New York in 1967. As heads
approach maturity, the dorsal
side of the internal leaf
petioles or midribs turns dark
gray or black at or near the
point where the midrib
attaches to the core.
The.affected area may be
quite limited or may extend
for 2 or 3 inches along the
midrib
Symptoms

6. PEPPER SPOT

Pepper spot or black speck
is yet. another nonparasitic
disorder of cabbage. This
disease, which was first
described in 1919, is
apparently quite widespread
in the United States and in
Europe. It occurs with
varying severity on the outer
leaves of the head, but often
can be seen deep in the
center of the head
Symptoms

7. OEDEMA OF CABBAGE
 Oedema is a physiological response of the plant to
excessive soil moisture during periods of cool
nights and warm, humid days. Many small scabby
lesions form on the underside of the cabbage
leaves. Avoid irrigation during times when day-night
temperature variations are great. Oedema may be
confused with thrips damage

8. J-ROOTING

This is caused by poor transplanting practices,
when seedlings are pushed into the soil in such a
way that the roots are not vertical, but bent to one
side. This has a greater effect on growth than you
would think. A month or so later the plants will be
stunted and usually unmarketable.

9. MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY
 Older leaves lose their
green color except in
the veins
Symptoms

10. BLINDNESS (CABBAGE )
 Causes: Damage to terminal growing point due to
low temperature, cutworm damage or rough
handling of transplants
Symptoms: Plants have lost their terminal growing
points. The leaves that develop are large, dark,
green, thick and leathery. The plant does not
produce a marketable head or curd.
Remedy: Handle transplants carefully, control
cutworms and avoid low temperatures.
 Symptoms

11. LEAF TIPBURN (CABBAGE)
 Tipburn, cauliflower Carl
Rosen, University of
Minnesota
 Cause: localized calcium
deficiency due to water
stress or uneven watering
even with adequate levels
of soil calcium present
Symptoms: Younger leaves
show signs of browning at
the tips (see photo). In
cabbage, the browning can
be seen only after the head
is cut open.
Symptoms

12.  NitrogenDeficiency
SymptomsYellowing of
old leaves; stunted
plant growth
 Correction
MeasureFoliar spray of
urea@1%

13.  PhosphorusDeficiency
SymptomsPigmentation
in old leaves; curd size
and quality will be
affected
 Correction MeasureSoil
application of
recommended dose
phosphorus and foliar
spray of

14.  PotassiumDeficiency
SymptomsAppears first on
oldest cabbage leaves as
spots shiny green leaves turn
dull green, leaf margins turn
a yellowish green followed by
withering mature heads are
loose and smaller. In K-
deficient cauliflower, leaf tips
turn brown, leaves turn
inward and can have a
crinkled surface.
 Correction MeasureFoliar
spray of K2SO4 1% twice at
weekly intervals.

15.  CalciumDeficiency
SymptomsLeaf growth
will be inhibited;
scorching symptoms
occur in new leaves
 Correction
MeasureFoliar spray of
CaCl2@1%

16.  MagnesiumDeficienc
y SymptomsStunted
plant growth; leaves
become small;
yellowing symptoms
occur in old leaves
 Correction
MeasureFoliar spray of
MgSO4@0.5-1.0%

17.  SulphurDeficiency
SymptomsYoungest
leaves turned purplish,
cupped upward leaf
edges rolled in.
 Correction
MeasureSoil
application of Gypsum
50 kg/ha.

18.  BoronDeficiency
SymptomsApical
growing points stop
developing leaves thick
brittle and irregular
chlorosis.
 Correction
MeasureFoliar spray of
Borax 0.5 % at
fortnightly intervals

19.  CopperDeficiency
Symptoms. Symptoms
occur in young leaves;
leaf growth will be
affected; curd size also
affected
 Correction
MeasureFolia spray of
CuSO4@0.5%

20.  IronDeficiency
SymptomsChlorosis
occur in young leaves;
leaves become smaller
in size; stunted plant
growth
 Correction
MeasureFoliar spray of
FeSO4@0.5%

21.  ManganeseDeficiency
SymptomsSymptoms
seen in young leaves;
occurence of chlorosis;
leaves become pale
yellow in color
 Correction
MeasureFoliar spray of
MnSO4@0.4%

22.  MolybdenumDeficien
cy SymptomsStunted
plant growth with
malformed leaves
 Correction
MeasureFoliar spray of
sodium molybdate @
10mg/litre

23.  ZincDeficiency
SymptomsOccurence
of little leaf symptoms;
curd size will be small;
chlorosis occur in
young leaves
 Correction
MeasureFoliar spray of
ZnSO4@0.5%