4. Characterisation
Why?..Great number and diversity of organisms.
Classification:
Grouping of related organism together.
Many m/o look alike to be classified according to the
structure
Literally hundreds of bacterial species are small rods
or small cocci.
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16. History of Binomial Nomenclature
Father of taxonomy?
Two name system,Latin scientific name.
Formal system of naming organisms
Organizing,classifying and naming organisms into
groups-according to the specific criteria.
How to write these names??
Vibrio cholerae
Staphylococcus sp
E.coli
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17. Genus and species
Genus - capitalized
species – specific epithet.
Example:
Escherichia coli,E.coli
• Information gained: shape,who discovered,where it is
found,what disease they cause.
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19. General problems
Establishing a standard names for organisms so that
we can communicate about them
Usually classified according to their phylogenetic or
evolutionary, but not always easy
Leads to introduction of a dichotomous key
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20. Dichotomous key
Has paired statements describing characteristic of
organisms
Paired statement can only have one statement true
Each paired statement relate to each other
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23. Reasons causing problems
1. Deciding what constitutes a species – because of
some bacteria have the similar characteristics so
taxonomist try to tolerate the organism within
species
2. Deciding what constitutes a kingdom – because
most of organism having sexually reproduction so
have very factors affecting the variable of the
characteristics
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24. Focusing on bacterial classification
Other organism categorized from domain to species,
but for prokaryotic cell, start from strain to genus
However facing problems reaching the classes and
orders level
Wide range of studies needed on identification and
building up taxonomy of bacteria
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26. Phylogenetic hierarchy
Grouping organism according to
common properties that implies that a
group of organisms evolved from
common ancestors.
Each species retains some
characteristics of the ancestor.
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29. Terminologies (answer)
Taxa – subdivisions used to classify organism:
domain, kingdom, phylum
Phylogeny / sytematic – the evolutionary history of a
group of organism; phylogenetic relationships are
evolutionary relationship
Taxonomy – the science of the classification of
organism
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30. The enD
Short lecture ,but!!!
MAKE MORE
revision on it….
TQ
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