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Adapting

to Reality
Aaron Gustafson
@AaronGustafson
slideshare.net/AaronGustafson
Web design &
development is hard
© Brad Frost
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
640 × 480
In the beginning…
800 × 600
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Ok, we can go a little larger
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
1024 × 768
Ok, a bit larger, but that’s it
Created by Vectors Mark
from the Noun Project
1366 × 7681024 × 600
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
1280 × 800
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
800 × 600
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Of course laptops…
1024 × 768
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
The web’s “happy place”
640 × 200
Created by Douglas Santos
from the Noun Project
Created by creative outlet
from the Noun Project
240 × 240
We were ignoring mobile…
3840 × 2160320 × 480
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Until this happened
Don’t even get me
started on tablets
© Brad Frost
Credit:	OpenSignalMaps
3840 × 2160320 × 480
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Until this happened
1920 × 1080Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
7680 × 4320
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Desktops today…
Chasing screen

sizes is clearly a

fool’s errand
In the second quarter of 2008
we detected 71 different
screen resolutions among our
visitors. In the first quarter of
2014 we detected
— Jason Samuels

IT Manager,

National Council on Family Relations
“
1062
One year after the iPhone
5 years ago!
Source
In 2008, 27 screen 

resolutions showed up with
more than 10 visits, in 2014
that number was
— Jason Samuels

IT Manager,

National Council on Family Relations
“ 200
Source
Chasing screen

sizes is clearly a

fool’s errand
Designing for
screens is hard
And then there’s
everything else
Your content can and will go
anywhere that’s connected
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
wearables smart tvs IoT assistants
Meaning users will need to
interact in different ways
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
touch Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
mouse
Created by bezier master
from the Noun Project
T9
Created by Christopher Holm-Hansen
from the Noun Project
eye tracking
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
remote
Created by Setyo Ari Wibowo
from the Noun Project
pen
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
keyboard
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
audio
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
gamepad
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
printCreated by Adriano Emerick
from the Noun Projectbraille
Over varied networks and

in changing conditions
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
hardline
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
wifi
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
mobile
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
homes Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
buildings
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
cars
Created by Vectors Market
buses Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
trains Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
airplanes
And, ultimately, our users all
have different needs too
Anyone notice I
haven’t even
mentioned

browsers?
;-)
So...‽
REALITY CHECK
Nothing about our users’
experiences of the web

has ever been as
homogenous

as we imagined.
Treat your

ideal scenario

as an edge case
The reality
The reality
U.S. Smartphone penetration #s
released in January 2018
Source
< $30k
67%
$30-50k
82%
$50-75k
83%
>$75k
93%
49.55% of the population
U.S. Smartphone penetration #s
released in January 2018
Urban
83%
Suburban
78%
Rural
65%
Source
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Not all smartphones are equal
Dash JR K
3.5" (480 × 320)
256 MB RAM
512MB Memory
2MP camera
1.3 GHz Dual-core
Android 4.4
$43
Galaxy S5
5.1” (1920 × 1080)
2GB RAM
16GB Storage
16MP Camera
2.5GHz Quad-core
Android 4.4
$799
In the 2017 survey, Smartphone users
making < $30k/yr experienced app errors

52% of the time
Source
Photo	Credit:	Dylan Passmore
wheelchairs strollers bicycles skateboards
one arm arm injury new parent
permanent situational
one arm arm injury new parent
permanent situational
26K 13M 8M+ +
21 Million People
So how can we make

our interfaces work

for everyone?
Approach your job

with an open mind

and empathy for

your users.
We try stuff,
make mistakes,
& learn from them
Progressive
Enhancement
UserExperience
Browser Capabilities
BASIC ADVANCED
I like an escalator because
an escalator can never break,
it can only become stairs.
— Mitch Hedberg
Mono
Stereo
Surround

Sound
5.1 Channel

Surround
7.1 Channel

Surround
16.2 Channel Surround
Sometimes it’s

all you need
Kindle 3 = Free global data
Graceful
Degradation
Modern
Browsers
Older Browsers
Modern
Browsers
Older Browsers
I’m sorry,

you need

more channels
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

They’re actually related
Graceful Degradation Progressive
Enhancement
Technological

restrictions
What matters
“Mobile first”
It’s all about process
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
1. Focus on what matters.
80
The essential nugget
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
2. Write it out, then read it back.
82
How does this photo make you feel?
Embarrassing
Upsetting
Saddening
Bad Photo
Other it’s	embarrassing•
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
2. Write it out, then read it back.
83
Please describe the photo
It’s embarrassing
It’s a bad photo of me
It makes me sad
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

3. Look for semantics that support 1 & 2.
Step by step
84
heading
a
paragraph
a
img
a
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
3. Look for semantics that support 1 & 2.
85
heading (also .p-name)a (also .u-url)
paragraph

a

(also .p-author

& .h-card)
.h-entry (feed)
img (also .u-photo)
a (also rel-tag)
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
4. Think about how design can improve comprehension.
86
visually the mostimportant text
distinct from the
content & diminished
in importance
Less important &
distinct from content
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
5. Consider how your design choices impact the reading experience.
87
Can’t tell what theepisode is called
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
5. Consider how your design choices impact the reading experience.
88
Floated images crush the
text on small screens
Ouch
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact.
89
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
touch Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
mouse
Created by bezier master
from the Noun Project
T9
Created by Christopher Holm-Hansen
from the Noun Project
eye tracking Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
remote
Created by Setyo Ari Wibowo
from the Noun Project
pen
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
keyboard
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
gamepadCreated by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
printCreated by Adriano Emerick
from the Noun Projectbraille
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
audio
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact.
90
touch Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
mouse
Created by Christopher Holm-Hansen
from the Noun Project
eye tracking
Hover?
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact.
91
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
touch Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
mouse
Created by bezier master
from the Noun Project
T9
Created by Christopher Holm-Hansen
from the Noun Project
eye tracking Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
remote
Created by Setyo Ari Wibowo
from the Noun Project
pen
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
keyboard
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
gamepad
Focus & target?
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
audio
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact.
92
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
touch Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
mouse
Created by Setyo Ari Wibowo
from the Noun Project
pen
Gestures?
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact.
93
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
printCreated by Adriano Emerick
from the Noun Projectbraille
Text expansions?
Created by Vectors Market
from the Noun Project
audio
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
7. Map the potential experiences.
94
Path A
Experience 1Start
Path B
Experience 2
Notes
Decision point Change
INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN

Step by step
1. Focus on what matters.
2. Write it out, then read it back.
3. Look for semantics that support 1 & 2.
4. Think about how design can improve comprehension.
5. Consider how your design choices impact the reading experience.
6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact.
7. Map the potential experiences.
8. Iterate.
96
Thank you!
@AaronGustafson
aaron-gustafson.com
slideshare.net/AaronGustafson

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Adapting to Reality [Starbucks Lunch & Learn]

  • 2. Web design & development is hard © Brad Frost
  • 3. Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project 640 × 480 In the beginning…
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. 800 × 600 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Ok, we can go a little larger
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project 1024 × 768 Ok, a bit larger, but that’s it
  • 10. Created by Vectors Mark from the Noun Project 1366 × 7681024 × 600 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project 1280 × 800 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project 800 × 600 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Of course laptops…
  • 11. 1024 × 768 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project The web’s “happy place”
  • 12. 640 × 200 Created by Douglas Santos from the Noun Project Created by creative outlet from the Noun Project 240 × 240 We were ignoring mobile…
  • 13. 3840 × 2160320 × 480 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Until this happened
  • 14. Don’t even get me started on tablets © Brad Frost
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18. 3840 × 2160320 × 480 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Until this happened
  • 19. 1920 × 1080Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project 7680 × 4320 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Desktops today…
  • 20. Chasing screen
 sizes is clearly a
 fool’s errand
  • 21. In the second quarter of 2008 we detected 71 different screen resolutions among our visitors. In the first quarter of 2014 we detected — Jason Samuels
 IT Manager,
 National Council on Family Relations “ 1062 One year after the iPhone 5 years ago! Source
  • 22. In 2008, 27 screen 
 resolutions showed up with more than 10 visits, in 2014 that number was — Jason Samuels
 IT Manager,
 National Council on Family Relations “ 200 Source
  • 23. Chasing screen
 sizes is clearly a
 fool’s errand
  • 26. Your content can and will go anywhere that’s connected Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project wearables smart tvs IoT assistants
  • 27. Meaning users will need to interact in different ways Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project touch Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project mouse Created by bezier master from the Noun Project T9 Created by Christopher Holm-Hansen from the Noun Project eye tracking Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project remote Created by Setyo Ari Wibowo from the Noun Project pen Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project keyboard Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project audio Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project gamepad Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project printCreated by Adriano Emerick from the Noun Projectbraille
  • 28. Over varied networks and
 in changing conditions Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project hardline Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project wifi Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project mobile Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project homes Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project buildings Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project cars Created by Vectors Market buses Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project trains Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project airplanes
  • 29. And, ultimately, our users all have different needs too
  • 30. Anyone notice I haven’t even mentioned
 browsers? ;-)
  • 32. REALITY CHECK Nothing about our users’ experiences of the web
 has ever been as homogenous
 as we imagined.
  • 34.
  • 37. U.S. Smartphone penetration #s released in January 2018 Source < $30k 67% $30-50k 82% $50-75k 83% >$75k 93% 49.55% of the population
  • 38. U.S. Smartphone penetration #s released in January 2018 Urban 83% Suburban 78% Rural 65% Source
  • 39. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Not all smartphones are equal Dash JR K 3.5" (480 × 320) 256 MB RAM 512MB Memory 2MP camera 1.3 GHz Dual-core Android 4.4 $43 Galaxy S5 5.1” (1920 × 1080) 2GB RAM 16GB Storage 16MP Camera 2.5GHz Quad-core Android 4.4 $799
  • 40. In the 2017 survey, Smartphone users making < $30k/yr experienced app errors
 52% of the time Source
  • 41.
  • 44. one arm arm injury new parent permanent situational
  • 45. one arm arm injury new parent permanent situational 26K 13M 8M+ + 21 Million People
  • 46. So how can we make
 our interfaces work
 for everyone?
  • 47. Approach your job
 with an open mind
 and empathy for
 your users.
  • 48. We try stuff, make mistakes, & learn from them
  • 51. I like an escalator because an escalator can never break, it can only become stairs. — Mitch Hedberg
  • 52. Mono
  • 59. Kindle 3 = Free global data
  • 63.
  • 65.
  • 66. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 They’re actually related Graceful Degradation Progressive Enhancement
  • 68.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 73. It’s all about process
  • 74. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 1. Focus on what matters. 80 The essential nugget
  • 75. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 2. Write it out, then read it back. 82 How does this photo make you feel? Embarrassing Upsetting Saddening Bad Photo Other it’s embarrassing•
  • 76. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 2. Write it out, then read it back. 83 Please describe the photo It’s embarrassing It’s a bad photo of me It makes me sad
  • 77. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 3. Look for semantics that support 1 & 2. Step by step 84 heading a paragraph a img a
  • 78. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 3. Look for semantics that support 1 & 2. 85 heading (also .p-name)a (also .u-url) paragraph
 a
 (also .p-author
 & .h-card) .h-entry (feed) img (also .u-photo) a (also rel-tag)
  • 79. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 4. Think about how design can improve comprehension. 86 visually the mostimportant text distinct from the content & diminished in importance Less important & distinct from content
  • 80. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 5. Consider how your design choices impact the reading experience. 87 Can’t tell what theepisode is called
  • 81. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 5. Consider how your design choices impact the reading experience. 88 Floated images crush the text on small screens Ouch
  • 82. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact. 89 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project touch Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project mouse Created by bezier master from the Noun Project T9 Created by Christopher Holm-Hansen from the Noun Project eye tracking Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project remote Created by Setyo Ari Wibowo from the Noun Project pen Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project keyboard Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project gamepadCreated by Vectors Market from the Noun Project printCreated by Adriano Emerick from the Noun Projectbraille Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project audio
  • 83. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact. 90 touch Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project mouse Created by Christopher Holm-Hansen from the Noun Project eye tracking Hover?
  • 84. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact. 91 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project touch Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project mouse Created by bezier master from the Noun Project T9 Created by Christopher Holm-Hansen from the Noun Project eye tracking Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project remote Created by Setyo Ari Wibowo from the Noun Project pen Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project keyboard Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project gamepad Focus & target? Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project audio
  • 85. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact. 92 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project touch Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project mouse Created by Setyo Ari Wibowo from the Noun Project pen Gestures?
  • 86. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact. 93 Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project printCreated by Adriano Emerick from the Noun Projectbraille Text expansions? Created by Vectors Market from the Noun Project audio
  • 87. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 7. Map the potential experiences. 94 Path A Experience 1Start Path B Experience 2 Notes Decision point Change
  • 88. INTRO TO ADAPTIVE WEB DESIGN
 Step by step 1. Focus on what matters. 2. Write it out, then read it back. 3. Look for semantics that support 1 & 2. 4. Think about how design can improve comprehension. 5. Consider how your design choices impact the reading experience. 6. Think about the many different ways folks might interact. 7. Map the potential experiences. 8. Iterate. 96