2. Do you stay in your
bubble?
Environmental bubble - Surrounded by
similar living environment when travelling
3. What makes you feel
comfortable and safe when
travelling?
Find the points in your travel leaflets!
Brainstorm with your neighbour!
Write down your findings inside the bubbles.
4. Fly with a reputable
airline.
Time limit: 5 minutes
5. Environmental bubble?
• A coach with air-conditioning
• Include travel insurance
• A comfortable hotel/
accommodation
• Choose a reputable travel
agency
• Well planned itinerary
• Eat Chinese food
• Chinese-speaking tour guide
• Staff with professional training
• Speak or read the same
language
• Sufficient rest time
• Breakfast at hotel
• Buffet, choose your
own food
• Fastpass in theme park
• Special queue
6. Cohen’s Classification
Tourism combines
curiosity to seek out new experiences
with the need for
security of familiar reminders of home
seek out new experience
Curiosity
familiar reminder of home
Security
ExplorerDrifter Individual
mass tourist
Organized
mass tourist
7. Non-Institutionalized
Tourists
are loosely attached to the tourist
establishment
expose to host community
Institutionalized Tourists
are dealt with in a routine way by
the tourist establishment
e.g. travel agencies, hotel chain
Explorer Drifter
Individual
Mass
Tourist
Organized
Mass
Tourist
Cohen’s Classification
8. Where is the tourist?
p.2
Spend most of the
time inside/ always
inside
Still confined
by it/ Often
inside
Dare to leave/ rarely
inside
Go further away
from it/ far away
from
9. Organized Mass Tourist
• least adventurous
• spend most of their time in their comfortable
“environmental bubble” throughout their
trip
• the itinerary is decided in advance
• attractions are guided and well fixed
• tourists have no decision on their trip
Cohen’s Classification
p.3
10. Individual Mass Tourist
• similar to the organized mass tourist
• the tour is not entirely fixed
• have certain control over their time and
itinerary
• but all the major arrangements are still made
through travel agencies
Cohen’s Classification
11. Explorer
• arrange their trips alone
• go somewhere unusual
• look for comfortable accommodation and
reliable transportation
• retain some of the basic routines and comforts of
their native way of life
• try to mix with local people and speak their
language
• dare to leave their “environmental bubble”
Cohen’s Classification
12. Drifter
• go further away from the “environmental bubble”
• keep away from the accustomed ways of life in
home countries
• no fixed itinerary
• plan trips wholly on their own
• live with local people
• often take odd-jobs to keep themselves going
Cohen’s Classification
15. What’s your travel
personality?
• Do the psychological test to know your
travel personality at besttripchoices.com
• Jot down your type and some keywords of
your characteristics
17. Plog’s Classification p.5
Allocentric Type
• seek new experiences and
adventure
• outgoing and self-confident
• enjoy meeting ppl from different
cultures
• explore an area
• make own travel arrangements
• choose activities and tourist
attractions
18. Plog’s Classification
Psychocentric Type
• conservative, inhibited and unadventurous
• return to familiar destinations
• want to relax
• expect the type of food and activity
• prefer heavily structured itinerary
• safety and security are important
21. Can you classify the
destinations into 5?
• South Africa
• Canada
• Kuala Lumpur
• Antarctica
• Macau
• India
• Singapore
• Russia
• Cambodia
• United Kingdom
• Bangkok
• Guangzhou
• Czech Republic
• Australia
• South America
• Congo
• Shenzhen
• France
• Vietnam
• USA
22.
23. Major points to study
• Understand Cohen's classification
• Understand Plog's classification
• Give examples on each types of tourists
• Identify the concerns and needs of different
types of tourist
Editor's Notes
Teacher: What are the characteristic of this type tourist? Teacher: Do you have those traveling experience? Teacher: Do you like it? Why?
Teacher: How many “familiar” you saw in the Psychocentrics type?
