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GLOBAL TWITTER TRENDS:
SOUTH KOREA
A deep dive into the
habits and behaviors
of South Koreans on
Twitter
©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved
Just three years out from the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, many
marketers are turning their sights on South Korea. Widely considered to be
one of the most connected and Internet-savvy countries, South Koreans have
distinct habits when it comes to the consumption of online media.
This whitepaper explores the role of culture when it comes to how, where
and with what purpose people in South Korea engage on Twitter, and how
their engagement compares to other markets. These findings can be used
as an indication of South Korean consumers’ engagement on social media
overall and offer important implications for marketers targeting South Korean
consumers on Twitter. The findings in this report are part of a larger series
from 360i that compares Twitter usage in the U.S., U.K., Brazil and India.
Key Findings
1.	 Twitter users in South Korea are ‘always on.’ In addition to posting consistently throughout the day, South Korean users are more
likely to post late in the evening compared to other markets analyzed, specifically between the hours of 9 p.m. and 1 a.m. Availability of
affordable, fast-speed wireless Internet means South Korean users are able to post frequently on their mobile devices at any given time or
location.
2.	 Twitter is a platform for expressing frustration. A notable portion of conversations revolve around the frustration experienced in
everyday situations such as in school or in the workplace. With 90 percent of the user sample consisting of teenagers and young adults,
South Korea’s highly competitive and stressful culture appears to fuel the large majority of posts expressing negative sentiment.
3.	 Anonymity leads to more personal engagement. Anonymity plays a notable role in determining how open a Korean user is to sharing
information online. For example, anonymous users are 1.5 times more likely than identifiable users to share something personal about
themselves. Marketers will want to keep this in mind and ensure engagement does not come at the cost of a user having to reveal too
much about his or herself.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
SOUTH KOREA
1
©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved
Twitter users in South Korea are
‘always on’
When comparing usage behaviors across the different
markets, we found noticeable contrasts in the time of day
when users are most active on Twitter. In addition to posting
consistently throughout the day, Twitter users in South Korea
are more likely than other markets to post late in the evening,
specifically between the hours of 9 p.m. and 1 a.m.
The majority of users in South Korea are also accessing
Twitter via their mobile devices (89 percent). This is due, in
part, to the availability of affordable, high-speed wireless
Internet services, which allows them to post frequently and
conveniently at any given time or location. With mobile and
smartphone penetration of South Korea expected to reach
86 percent and 70 percent respectively in 2014, according
to eMarketer, the number of South Korean users accessing
Twitter via their mobile devices is expected to grow further.
2
VOLUME OF TWITTER POSTS BY
TIME OF DAY
PERCENTAGE OF POSTS FROM
MOBILE DEVICES
2014 SMARTPHONE PENETRATION
FORECAST
What this means for marketers: Brands have a broad range
of opportunities to engage with Twitter users in South Korea,
as users are active throughout the day. Campaigns should
be optimized for easy mobile viewing, and, with users’
accessibility to high-speed Internet, brands should not
overlook ways to creatively implement rich media content.
S. Korea U.K. U.S.Brazil India
Smartphone/Tablet Desktop/Laptop
S. Korea
Brazil
India
U.K.
U.S.
70%
9%
20%
54%
51%
S. Korea
Brazil
India
U.K.
U.S.
89% 11%
38% 62%
54% 46%
76% 24%
82% 18%
Source: eMarketer, 2014
©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved
revolve around the frustration experienced in everyday
situations such as in school or the workplace. For example,
15 percent of tweets expressing a negative sentiment are
related to school and/or work (e.g. “What is wrong… I studied
everything... Should I just sleep?”), while 41 percent are
related to personal issues and personal reflection such as
self-doubt (e.g. “I am disappointed in myself. I am too afraid
to confront my fears”).
Twitter is a platform for expressing
frustration
Tweets posted by South Korean users are generally more
neutral or negative in tone than in other countries. With
90 percent of the user sample consisting of teenagers and
young adults, a notable portion of these conversations
DEMOGRAPHIC BREAKDOWN: AGETOPIC BREAKDOWN OF
NEGATIVE POSTS
48% 42%
8%
2%
Teens 20s 30s 40+Personal Other People Work & School Hobbies
Travel Food & Drink Health & Beauty
Neutral Joy Trust Fear Surprise Sadness Disgust Anger Anticipation
PERCENTAGE OF CONVERSATION
BY TYPE OF EMOTION
S. Korea
Brazil
India
U.K.
U.S.
33.8%
12.5%
20.8%
9.1%
8.6%
7%
25%
14.2%
39.9%
29.9%
3%
12%
13.7%
9.1%
11.2%
3.5%
1%
1.5%
3.5%
2.5%
8.5%
8.5%
8.6%
6.1%
6.1%
14.9%
9.5%
11.2%
8.1%
8.1%
8%
11.5%
9.6%
5.6%
3.6%
9%
12%
8.6%
5.1%
13.7%
12.4%
10%
11.7%
13.6%
16.2%
20%
15%
7%
7%
41%
6%
4%
3
“I am disappointed in myself. I am
too afraid to confront my fears.”
– Female
South Korea is known for having one of the most competitive
educational systems in the world and this, in part, may explain
why tweets posted by South Korean users are more negative
in sentiment. A typical day for students in South Korea does
not end at school. Many attend afterschool tutoring sessions
that go well into the night, leaving little room for relaxation
and recreation. Twitter appears to provide the young
audience an ideal platform for venting frustration without
fear of repercussion. With 42 percent of negative posts being
part of ongoing conversations between friends, the study
found a strong likelihood of users sharing their frustrations
with another person (e.g. “@USER Eee ugh… it’s exam period
for everyone these days… let’s play once exams are over!”).
What this means for marketers: Brands can better connect
and make their content resonate with the South Korean
Twitter audience by offering them a means for relieving
stress. With a sizable percentage of users sharing their
negative experiences with their followers, brands can
provide an alternate outlet of conversation and build genuine
relationships with consumers by understanding their
daily concerns and sharing content that is empathetic or
humorous. Brands should also consider the young skew of
the South Korean Twitter audience when creating content by
featuring or incorporating topics that are trending amongst
this teen and college-aged demographic.
Anonymity leads to more personal
engagement
In South Korea brands receive few organic mentions on
Twitter, being referenced in fewer than 3 percent of overall
conversations. While this isn’t significantly lower than other
markets, barring India, there is an interesting correlation
between anonymity and how it affects openness to share on
the platform.
Compared to Twitter users in other global markets, South
Korean consumers share less personal information online.
Only 35 percent use photos of themselves for profile pictures,
preferring instead to use photos of celebrities or art and/or
anime. Even more interesting is that only 23 percent use their
real name on Twitter. The majority of profile names instead
consist of pseudonyms or aliases. Consumers in countries
such as India on the other hand, are more open about
their identity with 92 percent of users displaying photos of
themselves, and 83 percent using their real names on Twitter.
4
PERCENTAGE OF CONVERSATION
INCLUDING BRAND MENTIONS
TYPE OF NEGATIVE POSTS
Conversation (@reply) Original Content
S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S.
2.5%
3%
15%
5.5%
4.5%
“@USER Eee ugh…it’s exam
period for everyone these days…
let’s play once exams are over.”
– Female
©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved
©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved
While it may seem as though South Korean consumers
are not open to sharing personal information on Twitter,
luckily for brands, this is not the case. Anonymous users
are 1.5 times more likely to share something personal about
themselves (e.g. “My family does not know that I have had
dreams of becoming a singer since elementary school”) than
identifiable users, and contribute 80 percent of the brand
mentions. This can be explained by the overall trend of social
media users in South Korea gravitating towards “less open,
more exclusive social networking” according to Youkyung
Lee of Business Insider. Being anonymous on Twitter is a
reflection of this trend, highlighting why South Korean users
are more comfortable in what they say online.
What this means for marketers: Brands should not expect
or request identifiable information from South Korean
consumers. However, brands can still expect to see personal
and vocal engagement from consumers, especially from
those who may not have a profile picture, or use their
real name. Marketers can even leverage this by providing
branded templates, online stickers or profile pictures that
appeal to users – further supporting their anonymity while
also allowing them an easy way to showcase brand love or
affinity in a unique way.
5
% OF USERS WHO USE PHOTO OF
THEMSELVES AS PROFILE PICTURE
S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S.
35%
92%
87%
72%
84%
% OF USERS WHO USE THEIR REAL
NAME FOR PROFILE PICTURE
S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S.
23%
73%
83%
72%
63%
“My family does not know that I
have had dreams of becoming a
singer since elementary school.”
– Male
©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved
What is currently lacking on Twitter in South Korea is the
two-way conversation between brands and consumers. Our
study suggests there is an untapped opportunity for brands
to do exactly that by sparking genuine conversations around
the daily concerns engulfing South Korea’s young Twitter
audience.
Because of the prevalence of mobile phones and
accessibility to high-speed Internet, South Korea is one of
the few markets where marketers have the ability to reach
consumers consistently throughout the day. The nature of
the conversations currently being had by Twitter users leaves
an open opportunity for brands to engage and provide relief
from users’ hardships throughout the day.
Due to the reluctance of South Korean users to provide
identifiable information, an optimal way to engage with users
is for marketers to focus on offering fun Twitter templates,
avatars and online stickers which have become prevalent
in social culture since the emergence of the platform,
KakaoTalk. KakaoTalk is a multi-platform messaging app
that also offers users mobile commerce, a digital store, and
gaming network. This platform saw the most growth of any
social media platform in Korea in 2014, gaining 23.9 percent
in usage rates year over year, according to eMarketer.
While the social media usage in recent years has shifted
slightly away from Twitter in South Korea, the way consumers
have evolved in using the platform is opening up new doors
for brands looking to increase awareness and acquire
advocates in the market. These Twitter users are open to
brand engagement – if brands approach them in a way that
corresponds with their needs.
Methodology
This data comes from 360i’s research and analysis conducted
January 2014 to April 2014 on Twitter conversations spanning
31st March, 2013 - 30th September, 2013. A random sample
of 200 posts was collected and analyzed from public Twitter
profiles.
This random sample was not targeted to subject matter.
Data was vetted and cleaned to ensure tweets were coming
from relevant users and then analyzed for behavioral trends
among Twitter users in South Korea. Top-line metrics and
categories were analyzed out of the 200-post sample, and
time of day was analyzed on a larger sample of 10,000 posts
per market.
About 360i
360i is an award-winning agency that drives results for
Fortune 500 marketers by making brands culturally relevant
amid the rapid pace of consumer behavior change. 360i is a
highly strategic creative and media partner for clients that
brings together digital specialization –in insights, strategy,
social, influencer marketing, search, analytics and media –
with a deep understanding of how people discover brands
and share stories across all channels. 360i is the only agency
to be named a Top 3 agency on Advertising Age’s Agency
A-List three years in a row, and MediaPost’s OMMA Agency
of the Year two years straight. The agency’s clients include
Coca-Cola, Mondelez, Pernod Ricard USA, Toyota and HBO.
For more information, visit blog.360i.com or follow us on
Twitter @360i.
Conclusion
6

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Global Twitter Trends: South Korea

  • 1. GLOBAL TWITTER TRENDS: SOUTH KOREA A deep dive into the habits and behaviors of South Koreans on Twitter
  • 2. ©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved Just three years out from the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, many marketers are turning their sights on South Korea. Widely considered to be one of the most connected and Internet-savvy countries, South Koreans have distinct habits when it comes to the consumption of online media. This whitepaper explores the role of culture when it comes to how, where and with what purpose people in South Korea engage on Twitter, and how their engagement compares to other markets. These findings can be used as an indication of South Korean consumers’ engagement on social media overall and offer important implications for marketers targeting South Korean consumers on Twitter. The findings in this report are part of a larger series from 360i that compares Twitter usage in the U.S., U.K., Brazil and India. Key Findings 1. Twitter users in South Korea are ‘always on.’ In addition to posting consistently throughout the day, South Korean users are more likely to post late in the evening compared to other markets analyzed, specifically between the hours of 9 p.m. and 1 a.m. Availability of affordable, fast-speed wireless Internet means South Korean users are able to post frequently on their mobile devices at any given time or location. 2. Twitter is a platform for expressing frustration. A notable portion of conversations revolve around the frustration experienced in everyday situations such as in school or in the workplace. With 90 percent of the user sample consisting of teenagers and young adults, South Korea’s highly competitive and stressful culture appears to fuel the large majority of posts expressing negative sentiment. 3. Anonymity leads to more personal engagement. Anonymity plays a notable role in determining how open a Korean user is to sharing information online. For example, anonymous users are 1.5 times more likely than identifiable users to share something personal about themselves. Marketers will want to keep this in mind and ensure engagement does not come at the cost of a user having to reveal too much about his or herself. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: SOUTH KOREA 1
  • 3. ©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved Twitter users in South Korea are ‘always on’ When comparing usage behaviors across the different markets, we found noticeable contrasts in the time of day when users are most active on Twitter. In addition to posting consistently throughout the day, Twitter users in South Korea are more likely than other markets to post late in the evening, specifically between the hours of 9 p.m. and 1 a.m. The majority of users in South Korea are also accessing Twitter via their mobile devices (89 percent). This is due, in part, to the availability of affordable, high-speed wireless Internet services, which allows them to post frequently and conveniently at any given time or location. With mobile and smartphone penetration of South Korea expected to reach 86 percent and 70 percent respectively in 2014, according to eMarketer, the number of South Korean users accessing Twitter via their mobile devices is expected to grow further. 2 VOLUME OF TWITTER POSTS BY TIME OF DAY PERCENTAGE OF POSTS FROM MOBILE DEVICES 2014 SMARTPHONE PENETRATION FORECAST What this means for marketers: Brands have a broad range of opportunities to engage with Twitter users in South Korea, as users are active throughout the day. Campaigns should be optimized for easy mobile viewing, and, with users’ accessibility to high-speed Internet, brands should not overlook ways to creatively implement rich media content. S. Korea U.K. U.S.Brazil India Smartphone/Tablet Desktop/Laptop S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S. 70% 9% 20% 54% 51% S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S. 89% 11% 38% 62% 54% 46% 76% 24% 82% 18% Source: eMarketer, 2014
  • 4. ©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved revolve around the frustration experienced in everyday situations such as in school or the workplace. For example, 15 percent of tweets expressing a negative sentiment are related to school and/or work (e.g. “What is wrong… I studied everything... Should I just sleep?”), while 41 percent are related to personal issues and personal reflection such as self-doubt (e.g. “I am disappointed in myself. I am too afraid to confront my fears”). Twitter is a platform for expressing frustration Tweets posted by South Korean users are generally more neutral or negative in tone than in other countries. With 90 percent of the user sample consisting of teenagers and young adults, a notable portion of these conversations DEMOGRAPHIC BREAKDOWN: AGETOPIC BREAKDOWN OF NEGATIVE POSTS 48% 42% 8% 2% Teens 20s 30s 40+Personal Other People Work & School Hobbies Travel Food & Drink Health & Beauty Neutral Joy Trust Fear Surprise Sadness Disgust Anger Anticipation PERCENTAGE OF CONVERSATION BY TYPE OF EMOTION S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S. 33.8% 12.5% 20.8% 9.1% 8.6% 7% 25% 14.2% 39.9% 29.9% 3% 12% 13.7% 9.1% 11.2% 3.5% 1% 1.5% 3.5% 2.5% 8.5% 8.5% 8.6% 6.1% 6.1% 14.9% 9.5% 11.2% 8.1% 8.1% 8% 11.5% 9.6% 5.6% 3.6% 9% 12% 8.6% 5.1% 13.7% 12.4% 10% 11.7% 13.6% 16.2% 20% 15% 7% 7% 41% 6% 4% 3 “I am disappointed in myself. I am too afraid to confront my fears.” – Female
  • 5. South Korea is known for having one of the most competitive educational systems in the world and this, in part, may explain why tweets posted by South Korean users are more negative in sentiment. A typical day for students in South Korea does not end at school. Many attend afterschool tutoring sessions that go well into the night, leaving little room for relaxation and recreation. Twitter appears to provide the young audience an ideal platform for venting frustration without fear of repercussion. With 42 percent of negative posts being part of ongoing conversations between friends, the study found a strong likelihood of users sharing their frustrations with another person (e.g. “@USER Eee ugh… it’s exam period for everyone these days… let’s play once exams are over!”). What this means for marketers: Brands can better connect and make their content resonate with the South Korean Twitter audience by offering them a means for relieving stress. With a sizable percentage of users sharing their negative experiences with their followers, brands can provide an alternate outlet of conversation and build genuine relationships with consumers by understanding their daily concerns and sharing content that is empathetic or humorous. Brands should also consider the young skew of the South Korean Twitter audience when creating content by featuring or incorporating topics that are trending amongst this teen and college-aged demographic. Anonymity leads to more personal engagement In South Korea brands receive few organic mentions on Twitter, being referenced in fewer than 3 percent of overall conversations. While this isn’t significantly lower than other markets, barring India, there is an interesting correlation between anonymity and how it affects openness to share on the platform. Compared to Twitter users in other global markets, South Korean consumers share less personal information online. Only 35 percent use photos of themselves for profile pictures, preferring instead to use photos of celebrities or art and/or anime. Even more interesting is that only 23 percent use their real name on Twitter. The majority of profile names instead consist of pseudonyms or aliases. Consumers in countries such as India on the other hand, are more open about their identity with 92 percent of users displaying photos of themselves, and 83 percent using their real names on Twitter. 4 PERCENTAGE OF CONVERSATION INCLUDING BRAND MENTIONS TYPE OF NEGATIVE POSTS Conversation (@reply) Original Content S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S. 2.5% 3% 15% 5.5% 4.5% “@USER Eee ugh…it’s exam period for everyone these days… let’s play once exams are over.” – Female ©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved
  • 6. ©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved While it may seem as though South Korean consumers are not open to sharing personal information on Twitter, luckily for brands, this is not the case. Anonymous users are 1.5 times more likely to share something personal about themselves (e.g. “My family does not know that I have had dreams of becoming a singer since elementary school”) than identifiable users, and contribute 80 percent of the brand mentions. This can be explained by the overall trend of social media users in South Korea gravitating towards “less open, more exclusive social networking” according to Youkyung Lee of Business Insider. Being anonymous on Twitter is a reflection of this trend, highlighting why South Korean users are more comfortable in what they say online. What this means for marketers: Brands should not expect or request identifiable information from South Korean consumers. However, brands can still expect to see personal and vocal engagement from consumers, especially from those who may not have a profile picture, or use their real name. Marketers can even leverage this by providing branded templates, online stickers or profile pictures that appeal to users – further supporting their anonymity while also allowing them an easy way to showcase brand love or affinity in a unique way. 5 % OF USERS WHO USE PHOTO OF THEMSELVES AS PROFILE PICTURE S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S. 35% 92% 87% 72% 84% % OF USERS WHO USE THEIR REAL NAME FOR PROFILE PICTURE S. Korea Brazil India U.K. U.S. 23% 73% 83% 72% 63% “My family does not know that I have had dreams of becoming a singer since elementary school.” – Male
  • 7. ©2015 360i. All Rights Reserved What is currently lacking on Twitter in South Korea is the two-way conversation between brands and consumers. Our study suggests there is an untapped opportunity for brands to do exactly that by sparking genuine conversations around the daily concerns engulfing South Korea’s young Twitter audience. Because of the prevalence of mobile phones and accessibility to high-speed Internet, South Korea is one of the few markets where marketers have the ability to reach consumers consistently throughout the day. The nature of the conversations currently being had by Twitter users leaves an open opportunity for brands to engage and provide relief from users’ hardships throughout the day. Due to the reluctance of South Korean users to provide identifiable information, an optimal way to engage with users is for marketers to focus on offering fun Twitter templates, avatars and online stickers which have become prevalent in social culture since the emergence of the platform, KakaoTalk. KakaoTalk is a multi-platform messaging app that also offers users mobile commerce, a digital store, and gaming network. This platform saw the most growth of any social media platform in Korea in 2014, gaining 23.9 percent in usage rates year over year, according to eMarketer. While the social media usage in recent years has shifted slightly away from Twitter in South Korea, the way consumers have evolved in using the platform is opening up new doors for brands looking to increase awareness and acquire advocates in the market. These Twitter users are open to brand engagement – if brands approach them in a way that corresponds with their needs. Methodology This data comes from 360i’s research and analysis conducted January 2014 to April 2014 on Twitter conversations spanning 31st March, 2013 - 30th September, 2013. A random sample of 200 posts was collected and analyzed from public Twitter profiles. This random sample was not targeted to subject matter. Data was vetted and cleaned to ensure tweets were coming from relevant users and then analyzed for behavioral trends among Twitter users in South Korea. Top-line metrics and categories were analyzed out of the 200-post sample, and time of day was analyzed on a larger sample of 10,000 posts per market. About 360i 360i is an award-winning agency that drives results for Fortune 500 marketers by making brands culturally relevant amid the rapid pace of consumer behavior change. 360i is a highly strategic creative and media partner for clients that brings together digital specialization –in insights, strategy, social, influencer marketing, search, analytics and media – with a deep understanding of how people discover brands and share stories across all channels. 360i is the only agency to be named a Top 3 agency on Advertising Age’s Agency A-List three years in a row, and MediaPost’s OMMA Agency of the Year two years straight. The agency’s clients include Coca-Cola, Mondelez, Pernod Ricard USA, Toyota and HBO. For more information, visit blog.360i.com or follow us on Twitter @360i. Conclusion 6