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SECURITY ANALYSIS & PORTFOLIO
MANAGEMENT - INTRODUCTION
BY
VEDAPRADHA.R
Introduction to Investment - SAPM
INTRODUCTION TO
INVESTMENT
MANAGEMENT
MEANING OF INVESTMENT
Investment is the application of
present resources which have
been saved or put aside from
current consumption in the hope
that some benefit will occur in
the future.
NEED FOR INVESTMENT
Increase in income level
Increase in life expectancy
Retirement benefits
Minimise inflation pressure
Tax benefits
OBJECTIVES
Maximise returns
Minimise risk
Hedge against inflation
Regular income
Avail tax benefits
Safety for funds
FACTORS INFLUENCING INVESTMENT
DECISIONS
Return
Risk
Liquidity
Tax shelter
Marketability
Convenience
INVESTMENT PROCESS
 Determining investment objectives and policy
 Security analysis
 Construction of portfolio
 Portfolio revision/rebalancing
 Portfolio evaluation
Note: KYC from SEBI is mandatory
( registered office) for mutual funds & stock
market entry – Individual investors only
Introduction to Investment - SAPM
INVESTMENT ALTERNATIVES/AVENUES
• FINANCIAL
ASSETS
• Non marketable
financial
securities
• Bonds
• Mutual funds
• Shares
• Money market
instruments
• Life insurance
policies
• REAL
ASSETS
• Precious
stones
• Real estate
• Precious
metals
• Art objects
• FINANCIAL
DERIVATIVES
Introduction to Investment - SAPM
NON MARKETABLE SECURITIES
 Bank deposits
 Post office savings
 Monthly income scheme of post office
 Kisan Vikas Patra
 National savings certificate
 Company deposits
 Employee provident fund scheme (EPF)
 Public Provident fund deposits
SHARES
Equity
Preference
EQUITY SHARES CAPITALISATION
 Blue chip shares
 Growth shares
 Income shares
 Cyclical shares
 Defensive shares
 Speculative shares
 Tech shares
BONDS OR DEBENTURES
Government Bonds –
RBI, PSU
Corporate bonds
Municipal bonds
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS
Treasury bills
Certificate of deposits
Commercial paper
Repos
MUTUAL FUNDS
Equity scheme
Debt scheme
Balanced scheme
LIFE INSURANCE
 Endowment assurance policy
 Money back policy
 Whole life policy
 Term assurance policy
 ULIP
REAL ASSETS
 Real estate
 Precious
stones
 Precious
metals
FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES
Options
Futures
Forwards
Swaps
Collaterals
MATRIX APPROACH TOWARDS INVESTMENT
The below are the criteria for evaluation of
investment alternatives or matrix approach
towards investment decisions.
 Rate of return
 Risk
 Marketability
 Tax shelter
 Convenience
 Liquidity
MATRIX APPROACH
Introduction to Investment - SAPM
RISK & UNCERTAINTY
Types of Risk
SYSTEMATIC
• Market risk
• Interest rate risk
• Purchasing
power risk
UNSYSTEMATIC
• Business risk
• Financial risk
• Credit risk
RETURN
Realized return - The actual or
income which has been earned
Expected return – It is the return
which an investor expects or
anticipates earning over some
future period
COMPONENTS OF RETURN
 Current gains
 Capital gains
BENEFITS OF DIVERSIFICATION
 Minimisation of risk
 Portfolio optimization
 Human bias
 Hedging
 Tax benefits
 Economic cycles
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
 Investment objective
 Fluctuations
 Indifferent
 Individual approach
 Diversification
 Speculation Vs Investor
 Liquidity
 Analysis
 Common sense approach
 Long term investor
MEASURES OF RISK & RETURN
Range
Standard Deviation &
co-variance
Beta
Introduction to Investment - SAPM
Introduction to Investment - SAPM

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Introduction to Investment - SAPM

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Finance function refers to all the activities of a company with respect to financial management.